Search results for "Demand"
showing 10 items of 759 documents
Review of information and communication technologies for smart micro-grid automation
2017
The growing challenges of Smart Micro-Grid can only be met if secure and fast information and communication technology (ICT) solutions are developed. In this paper, some of the ICT techniques are reviewed for smart micro-grid automation. Firstly, an overview of the role of ICT in grid distribution is explained with respect to electricity value chain in power distribution. Further, each domain in the value chain is analyzed with respect to ICT applications in power generation, transmission, distribution and consumption. ICT stands as a prominent driving force to enhance trustworthiness, security, and productivity of the power distribution through information exchange, regulated generation, d…
A Partial Equilibrium Model of Option Markets
2000
This paper addresses the questions who is buying and who is selling options on a stock, the optimal position to hold, and how this affects the price. The individual demand functions and the equilibrium allocation are derived using an asymptotically valid expansion. Trading occurs only at discrete dates; the option does not have to complete the market. The paper also discusses the conditions under which trade results, the importance of heterogeneity for trade, when preferences become irrelevant to price options, and the case in which there is only a spanning demand, but no risk-sharing demand in options.
Rainwater harvesting in urban areas of developed countries. The state of the art (1980-2017)
2020
Many urban areas suffer from water scarcity although paradoxically, a local source such as rainwater is mostly treated as a risk rather than a valuable resource. This change of paradigm is included in the 'integrated water resources management' and 'demand management' approach. The aim of this research is to identify and analyse studies that explore subject matters concerning rainwater in the integrated management systems of water resources into developed countries. The research methodology consisted in a literature review (from the 1980s to 2017) of territorial studies that examine rainwater harvesting in urban areas of the developed countries. To this end, a bibliometric analysis has been…
New dispatching strategy for the integration of active-demand and distributed storage in the electricity market
2015
The proliferation of Distributed Generation (DG) in power systems calls for a redesign of electricity network management, which should be able to accommodate large amounts of intermittent generation. This issue requires a discussion about the current dispatching regulation, giving distributed storage systems and qualified electricity consumption the opportunity to provide ancillary services to the distribution grid. In this work, a new dispatching strategy for the integration of active-demand and distributed storage in the Italian electricity market is presented. The strategy is focused on a distribution Smart Grid (SG), where customers can indirectly participate to the Day-Ahead (DA) and t…
Impact of Demand Response Control Logic on Isolated Island's Distribution Networks
2019
The work presents the results of a study regarding the impact of some Demand Response control logics on an isolated distribution network. The proposed control is divided into precise steps in which the coordination between the general aggregator controller and the single local Energy Management Systems is developed and illustrated with details. The control is applied to the flexible loads and to the storage systems of photovoltaic plants installed at the end-users' houses and connected to the network. The study is carried out delivering a suitable network model of the island's system, with the implementation of load profiles for all the loads of the network for a total simulation time of 24…
Regional Labour Market Adjustment: Are Positive and Negative Shocks Different?
2001
This paper investigates the evolution of regional disparities in Finland between 1988 and 1997. The analysis focuses on per capita GDP and its subcomponents, particularly labour productivity, jobs and population. The results show, first, that the evolution of labour productivity and the number of jobs account for the emerged regional divergence of per capita GDP during 1990-1995. Second, even though inter-regional migration tends to have convergent effects on regional per capita GDP, its effect was not strong enough during 1990-1995: the divergence of productivity and jobs dominated. Third%2C among divergent factors (productivity and jobs), manufacturing contributes the most to the divergen…
Bayesian Game Model: Demand Side Management for Residential Consumers with Electric Vehicles
2019
This paper proposes the game theory enabled approach for the integration of electric vehicles for demand side management (DSM). Demand side management is very complex with conventional approaches. In order to the efficient mechanism of a game theory enabled approach may resolve the complexity. With the increased penetration level of electric vehicles it will be difficult to control grid-to-vehicle integration. The Bayesian game theory provides the solution of such problems in an organized manner. In the presence of distributed energy resources, Electric vehicles will play an important role to stabilize the grid integration. Electric Vehicles consume power during off-peak load period and inj…
Tourist Perceptions of Resources and Activities in Rural Areas
2004
ABSTRACT This paper tries to delve into the tastes and preferences of tourists visiting rural areas in Spain as an alternative to the traditional sun and beach holiday that dominates Spanish tourism. This paper focuses on the demand side of rural tourism; more specifically whether the tourists visiting a Spanish rural area, El Alto Palancia region, show different behaviours towards two sets of variables, depending on the age, gender, income and educational background. The first variable, “interest in certain resources associated with rural tourism”, was focused on natural and architectural resources that attract the tourist's attention. The second, a broad set of “activities that a tourist …
How do policies for efficient energy use in the household sector induce energy-efficiency innovation? : An evaluation of European countries
2017
Abstract Research on innovation induced by climate-mitigation policy has been focused predominantly on the supply side of the energy system. Despite considerable climate-mitigation potential on the demand side, less attention is given to the innovation effect of policies addressing the household sector. Based on a comprehensive data set, including 550 policy measures over 30 years (1980–2009) and covering 21 European countries, we find—based on econometric estimations—that policies targeting efficient energy use in the household sector significantly increase the number of patented energy-efficiency inventions. A comparison of the different policy types reveals a particularly strong influenc…
Effects of Demand Side Management on the Operation of an Isolated LV Microgrids
2019
The work presents the results of a study regarding the impact of Demand Side Management actions on flexible loads distributed at the domestic end-users' facilities in an isolated low voltage microgrid. Aim of the research study is to evaluate how the implementation of local control actions on the end-user's side can impact on the operation of the isolated microgrid. The Demand Side Management is applied by each domestic user to optimize the operation of its own resources following well-defined operative steps. The study is carried out implementing a suitable model of the microgrid in Neplan environment, while the daily controlled load profiles of the end-users are evaluated using the Montec…