Search results for "Dementia"
showing 10 items of 542 documents
Being in the Past and Perform the Future in a Virtual World: VR Applications to Assess and Enhance Episodic and Prospective Memory in Normal and Path…
2020
The process of aging commonly features a gradual deterioration in cognitive performance and, in particular, the decline of memory. Despite the increased longevity of the world's population, the prevalence of neurodegenerative conditions, such as dementia, continues to be a major burden on public health, and consequently, the latest research has been focused on memory and aging. Currently, the failure of episodic and Prospective memory (PM) is one of the main complaints in the elderly, considered among the early symptoms of dementia. It is therefore increasingly important to define more clearly the boundaries between normal and pathological aging. Recently, researchers have begun to build an…
Alzheimer: A Decade of Drug Design. Why Molecular Topology can be an Extra Edge?
2017
Background The last decade was characterized by a growing awareness about the severity of dementia in the field of age-related and no age-related diseases and about the importance to invest resources in the research of new, effective treatments. Among the dementias, Alzheimer's plays a substantial role because of its extremely high incidence and fatality. Several pharmacological strategies have been tried but still now, Alzheimer keeps being an untreatable disease. In literature, the number of QSAR related drug design attempts about new treatments for Alzheimer is huge, but only few results can be considered noteworthy. Providing a detailed analysis of the actual situation and reporting the…
Molecular topology as novel strategy for discovery of drugs with aβ lowering and anti-aggregation dual activities for Alzheimer's disease.
2014
Background and Purpose: In this study, we demonstrate the use of Molecular topology (MT) in an Alzheimer's disease (AD) drug discovery program. MT uses and expands upon the principles governing the molecular connectivity theory of numerically characterizing molecular structures, in the present case, active anti-AD drugs/agents, using topological descriptors to build models. Topological characterization has been shown to embody sufficient molecular information to provide strong correlation to therapeutic efficacy. Experimental Approach: We used MT to include multiple bioactive properties that allows for the identification of multifunctional single agent compounds, in this case, the dual func…
What is person-centred care in dementia? Clinical reviews into practice: the development of the VIPS practice model
2013
SummaryThe VIPS framework is a four-part definition of person-centred care for people with dementia (PCC), which arose out of an earlier review article for this journal. The definition has assisted in the practical application of person-centred care. It has been operationalized into the VIPS practice model (VPM), which has been subject to a recent randomized controlled trial within Norwegian nursing homes. The VPM provided a vehicle for the VIPS framework to be utilized during reflective practice meetings focusing on understanding care situations from the perspective of residents with moderate to severe dementia. VPM incorporated an education and coaching approach, clearly defined staff rol…
Post-translational modifications on RNA-binding proteins: accelerators, brakes, or passengers in neurodegeneration?
2021
RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are critical players in RNA expression and metabolism, thus, the proper regulation of this class of proteins is critical for cellular health. Regulation of RBPs often occurs through post-translational modifications (PTMs), which allow the cell to quickly and efficiently respond to cellular and environmental stimuli. PTMs have recently emerged as important regulators of RBPs implicated in neurodegenerative disorders, in particular amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Here, we summarize how disease-associated PTMs influence the biophysical properties, molecular interactions, subcellular localization, and function of ALS/FTD-linked …
Preliminary clinical efficacy and safety of BMN 701, GILT-tagged recombinant human acid alpha glucosidase (rhGAA), in late-onset Pompe disease: resul…
2014
Metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD) is a lysosomal disorder that results from the deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme arylsulfatase A. It is characterized by motor and developmental regression, seizures, deafness, blindness, dementia and premature death. There are three types of onsets: late infantile, juvenile, and adult. We performed a retrospective chart review of 71 patients (47 infantile, 23 juvenile) evaluated at the Program for Study of Neurodevelopment in Rare Disorders (NDRD) between January 2000 and August 2013. The patients were evaluated prospectively using a standardized protocol. The purpose of the study is to describe the natural course of the disease. In 31 patients only a bas…
Enriched Environments for Rodents and their Interaction with Nicotine Administration
2012
An active lifestyle throughout the life cycle seems to delay cognitive aging and dementia and has also been evaluated as an intervention against addiction to cocaine and other drugs of abuse. In epidemiological studies with humans, it has proved difficult to separate the cognitive, social and physical components from other variables that influence lifestyle. Studies in animal models are useful for evaluating the impact of each of these factors and for uncovering the underlying mechanisms of the benefits of complex environments. Preclinical studies have employed the Environmental Enrichment paradigm (EE) which has been proposed as a preclinical model of positive life experiences in humans. E…
79. Amyloid-PET analysis based on tissue probability maps
2018
Purpose The regional quantification of amyloid burden is crucial for the clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease [1]. The best method to evaluate regional amyloid deposition in PET is through the use MR imaging for brain space normalization. However, since MR imaging is not always available in the clinical practice, a MR-less methodology is needed in order to compute semi-quantitative and analyze regional amyloid burden. Methods Forty-four patients with clinical evidence of dementia, underwent 18F-Florbetaben PET (FBB-PET), FDG-PET, neuropsychological assessment and cerebrospinal fluid analysis. We implemented a methodology that uses SPM12 to import and normalize the FBB-PET images in Mon…
Interventions aimed to increase independence and well-being in patients with Alzheimer’s disease: Review of some interventions in the Italian context
2018
Abstract Background Alzheimer's disease (AD) represents a huge social and economic burden for the society and caring for individuals with AD is a complex and challenging task that requires a multidisciplinary approach. Studies have shown that several interventions provide beneficial results, but some non-pharmacological interventions have not yet been studied in depth and clinical trials using them are still pending. This review provides a summary of interventions based on paradigms aimed to increase independence and well-being in people with AD, as well as those interventions that decrease caregiver burden in long-term facilties for AD patients in Italy. Methods Narrative review regarding …
Effectiveness of Safety Warnings in Atypical Antipsychotic Drugs
2009
Studies conducted to obtain drug authorization are often of short duration and based on small sample sizes in selected populations. Policies on drug safety rely on the validity of the methods used to achieve rapid and effective communication of new information. No formal evaluation has ever been made of the Spanish communications system, although indirect data have raised questions about its effectiveness.To evaluate the impact of two safety warnings issued by the Spanish Drug Agency, and of a later prior authorization requirement involving the use of atypical antipsychotic drugs in the elderly.The study was based on a time-series analysis constructed with data corresponding to monthly invo…