Search results for "Democracy"
showing 10 items of 657 documents
Testing for a Political Bias in Freedom House Democracy Scores: Are U.S. Friendly States Judged To Be More Democratic?
2012
Several scholars have criticized the Freedom House democracy ratings as being politically biased; do countries indeed incorrectly receive better ratings that have stronger political ties with the United States? Starting from the assumption that other indices of democracy can be used as benchmark data, different estimation strategies are employed to gauge whether differences between a number of alternative indices of democracy and the FH ratings can be explained in a systematic manner by variables that record relationships between the U.S. and the countries under investigation. Differentiating between the period before 1989 and after 1988, I obtain consistent evidence of a substantial bias i…
Sustainable artificial intelligence and constructive ethical assessment
2022
Este artículo esta sujeto a una licencia CC BY 4.0
Genetics and"democracy".
2022
Abstract Background The spread of knowledge on the important implications of a diagnosis of genetic disease does not correspond to a sharing of the knowledge and equal rights of children. Main body It is estimated that about 5% of newborns may have a rare disease that in some cases, if diagnosed early, could have specific treatments that may be able to modify the natural history of the disease. However, in most countries the diagnosis during the first hours of life is limited to a few diseases, due to the high costs and time required for genetic investigations with classical methods. Recently, experimental projects to subject all newborns to a complete DNA analysis, with Next Generation Seq…
The Legitimacy Crisis: An Introduction
2020
This section examines how the crisis of democratic legitimacy shapes the prospects for further integration. All the authors find evidence for ‘muddling through’ by the EU in response to its legitimacy crisis. Raube and Costa Reis show how the Commission and European Parliament took incremental steps of starting infringement proceedings against Hungary and Poland in response to breaches in the rule of law by elected populist governments, yet partisanship undermined the EU’s response. Holst and Molander discuss the democratic pitfalls of technocratic decision-making in response to crisis and detail the kinds of reforms needed to enhance accountability and citizen nonexpert participation in po…
Facing Democratic Crisis in the EU: the New European Citizens’ Initiative Regulation
2020
For some scholars, the possibilities for diminishing the European democratic deficit and the Union’s legitimacy crisis are intertwined with the creation of a European demos and a European public sphere, that, in turn, can create a European civil solidarity. The European citizens’ initiative, which has recently been re-regulated, was precisely designed to help to solve these problems. As we shall see, the new Regulation includes a whole series of positive technical issues that will improve the usage of the mechanism. However, the European citizens’ initiative is still far from being a popular initiative and, therefore, to contribute to diminish the perception of distance between institutions…
EUROPEAN INSTITUTIONS ON SOCIAL MEDIA ‒ SHAPING THE NOTION OF EUROPEAN CITIZENSHIP
2017
Abstract This study supports topical discussion about the possibilities to use social media as a tool for citizen involvement in democratic processes. Contemporary academic views and statistics on the use of social media for communication between institutions and citizens are gathered in the study. The research focus is on social media publications, analysing the content of four European Parliament’s social media accounts in Latvian during the period from 1 July 2015 to 31 December 2015. The aim of the research is to identify the potential of the information published on European Parliament’s social media accounts in shaping the European citizenship notion among youth in Latvia. The conclus…
Not Worth the Net Worth? The Democratic Dilemmas of Privileged Access to Information
2017
In this article, we discuss the democratic conditions for parliamentary oversight in EU foreign affairs. Our point of departure is two Interinstitutional Agreements (IIAs) between the Council and the European Parliament (EP), which provide the latter with access to sensitive documents. To shed light on this issue, we ask to what extent these contribute to the democratic accountability in EU foreign policy? It is argued that the IIAs have strengthened the EP’s role in EU foreign affairs by giving it access to information to which it was previously denied. This does not mean, however, that this increase in power equals a strengthening of the EP as a democratic accountability forum. First of a…
Democrazia e partecipazione politica nella giurisprudenza della Corte di giustizia dell'Unione europea
2011
L'articolo si propone di verificare il ruolo che ha avuto il concetto di democrazia rappresentativa nella giurisprudenza della Corte di Giustizia. The articles examines the role that the concept of Representative Democracy has played in the jurisprudence of the Court of Justice of the European Union.
Spain: Conviviality, Social Relationships and Democracy at the Basis of Spanish Sports Clubs’ Culture
2020
This chapter provides an overview of the main functions of sports clubs in Spanish society with regard to social integration, democratic involvement and voluntary work. At the European level, Spanish sports clubs are among the front-runners in terms of presence of people with disabilities, at the average when it comes to people with migrant background and far below the average concerning people over 65 years old and women. Talking about democratic involvement and engagement for the community, most of the clubs try to involve members when making important decisions and delegate decision-making from the board to their committees. On the other hand, their members report the democratic culture …
Demokracja i wartości w wychowaniu. O epistemologicznym statusie doświadczenia w pragmatyzmie
2019
Znaczenie doświadczenia w wychowaniu w postulatach pedagogiki pragmatyzmu jest powszechnie znane. Wiele miejsca tej problematyce poświęcił John Dewey. Celem artykułu jest odpowiedź na pytanie o ograniczenia w wykorzystywaniu doświadczenia w procesie wychowania. Odpowiedź na to pytanie jest wpisana w epistemologiczne zagadnienie relacji między doświadczeniem a teorią. W pierwszym punkcie są przywołane najważniejsze kwestie dotyczące pojęć doświadczenia, demokracji i wartości w wychowaniu. W drugim punkcie opisana jest rola doświadczenia w pragmatyzmie w kontekście behawioryzmu, zwłaszcza behawioryzmu społecznego. W trzecim punkcie przedstawione są w skrócie epistemologiczne dyskusje nad stat…