Search results for "Demography"

Prospective analysis of the influence of sport and educational factors on the prevalence and initiation of smoking in older adolescents from Croatia

2017

The prevalence of smoking among Croatian adolescents is alarmingly high, but no previous study has prospectively examined the sport- and academic-factors associated with smoking and smoking initiation. This study aimed to prospectively examine the associations between scholastic (educational) achievement and sport factors and smoking in 16- to 18-year-old adolescents. This two-year prospective cohort study included 644 adolescents who were 16 years of age at baseline (46% females). Baseline testing was implemented at the beginning of the 3rd year of high school (September 2014) when participants were 16 years old. Follow-up testing was completed at the end of the fourth year of high school,…

The children of immigrants in France: The emergence of a second generaton with the collaboration of Esin Gezer Special Series on Children in Immigran…

2009

International audience; Since the mid - 1970s, immigration for family reunification has been more important than labour fo rce immigration. Most residence permits are granted because of family relationships. The immigrant population has been ageing. More than half the Italian immigrants are over 65. While second - generation Italians and Spaniards represent nearly half all immig rants 18 and over, they have been largely overtaken in the 0 – 17 age group by second - generation Algerians, Moroccans, Portuguese and sub - Saharan Africans. Of the last group, 21 per cent are under 25 years of age. Immigrants who arrived in France less than 1 0 years ago are more highly qualified than previous im…

Evidence for a link between the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation and annual asthma mortality rates in the US

2019

AbstractAn association between climatic conditions and asthma mortality has been widely assumed. However, it is unclear whether climatic variations have a fingerprint on asthma dynamics over long time intervals. The aim of this study is to detect a possible correlation between climatic indices, namely the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation and Pacific Decadal Oscillation, and asthma mortality rates over the period from 1950 to 2015 in the contiguous US. To this aim, an analysis of non-stationary and non-linear signals was performed on time series of US annual asthma mortality rates, AMO and PDO indices to search for characteristic periodicities. Results revealed that asthma death rates evalu…

Longitudinal associations of physical activity and pubertal development with academic achievement in adolescents.

2020

Highlights • Boys with higher levels of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity had better academic achievement than those with lower levels of physical activity at baseline. • Physical activity was not associated with academic achievement at follow-up in boys or girls. • Continuously inactive adolescents had poorer academic achievement over the follow-up period than their more active peers. • Girls with more advanced pubertal status had better academic achievement than other girls.

Can Physiological and Psychological Factors Predict Dropout from Intense 10-Day Winter Military Survival Training?

2020

Background: In the military context, high levels of physiological and psychological stress together can compromise individual&rsquo

Conductas de riesgo y actitudes relacionadas con la infección por vih/sida en hsh

2014

Abstract:The aim of this investigation is to analyze sexual risk behaviors and attitudes for HIV/AIDS infection of MSM. The ENSI was administrated to 202 men, 168 homosexuals and 24 bisexuals, from 14 to 57 years. The results show a high confidence in condoms as a method of HIV prevention (75.7% very effective and 28.1% effective); however the systematic use of a condom is moderate in anal intercourse (54.64%) and in vaginal intercourse (49.05%) and very low in oral sex (6.22%). There is a low perceived probability (20.28%) and moderate fear (41.25%) become infected with HIV. 20.3% report having drunk alcohol in the last relationship and 5.4% say other drugs. These results should be conside…

Decentering, Acceptance, and Non-Attachment : Challenging the Question "Is It Me?"

2021

Among mindfulness measures the three constructs acceptance, decentering, and non-attachment are psychometrically closely related, despite their apparent semantic differences. These three facets present robust psychometric features and can be considered core themes in most “third wave” clinical models. The aim of the present study was to explore the apparently different content domains (acceptance, decentering, and non-attachment) by administering various psychometric scales in a large sample of 608 volunteers. Resilience and depression were also assessed. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses performed in two randomly selected subsamples showed a bifactor approximation. The explained…

2015

Study que Stion What are the long term trends in the total (live births, fetal deaths, and terminations of pregnancy for fetal anomaly) and live birth prevalence of neural tube defects (NTD) in Europe, where many countries have issued recommendations for folic acid supplementation but a policy for mandatory folic acid fortification of food does not exist? Method S This was a population based, observational study using data on 11 353 cases of NTD not associated with chromosomal anomalies, including 4162 cases of anencephaly and 5776 cases of spina bifida from 28 EUROCAT (European Surveillance of Congenital Anomalies) registries covering approximately 12.5 million births in 19 countries betwe…

Vaccine Hesitancy on Social Media: Sentiment Analysis from June 2011 to April 2019

2021

Vaccine hesitancy was one of the ten major threats to global health in 2019, according to the World Health Organisation. Nowadays, social media has an important role in the spread of information, misinformation, and disinformation about vaccines. Monitoring vaccine-related conversations on social media could help us to identify the factors that contribute to vaccine confidence in each historical period and geographical area. We used a hybrid approach to perform an opinion-mining analysis on 1,499,227 vaccine-related tweets published on Twitter from 1st June 2011 to 30th April 2019. Our algorithm classified 69.36% of the tweets as neutral, 21.78% as positive, and 8.86% as negative. The perce…

North/south differences among Italian emerging adults regarding criteria deemed important for adulthood and life satisfaction

2016

The main goal of this study was to compare Northern and Southern Italian emerging adult university students, regarding the importance attributed to criteria for adulthood and the levels of life and education satisfaction. Self-report questionnaires were filled by 475 Northern and Southern Italian University students (Age M = 22.91, 76% females, n = 359). Multivariate analysis of variance revealed that Southern emerging adults were more likely to place importance on family capacities, norm compliance, interdependence and role transitions as criteria for achieving adulthood than Northern emerging adults. Regarding gender differences, females were more likely to believe in the importance of no…