Search results for "Dendritic cell"
showing 7 items of 447 documents
Monophosphoryl lipid A coating of hydroxyethyl starch nanocapsules drastically increases uptake and maturation by dendritic cells while minimizing th…
2015
Enhancing delivery of antigens to dendritic cells (DCs) is essential for the induction of vigorous antigen-specific cellular immune responses. Aim of the present study was to evaluate the properties of hydroxyethyl starch nanocapsules (HES-NCs) functionalized with anti-CD40, anti-DEC205, interferon-γ (IFNγ) and/or monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA) with respect to the overall uptake, the released cytokine profile, and the influence on phenotypic maturation of human monocyte-derived DCs using flow cytometry, confocal microscopy and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. NC uptake by DCs was significantly enhanced by functionalizing NCs with anti-CD40 or MPLA. With respect to the cytokine profile and…
Dendritic Cell-Specific Deletion of β-Catenin Results in Fewer Regulatory T-Cells without Exacerbating Autoimmune Collagen-Induced Arthritis.
2015
Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen presenting cells that have the dual ability to stimulate immunity and maintain tolerance. However, the signalling pathways mediating tolerogenic DC function in vivo remain largely unknown. The beta-catenin pathway has been suggested to promote a regulatory DC phenotype. The aim of this study was to unravel the role of beta-catenin signalling to control DC function in the autoimmune collagen-induced arthritis model (CIA). Deletion of beta-catenin specifically in DCs was achieved by crossing conditional knockout mice with a CD11c-Cre transgenic mouse line. Bone marrow-derived DCs (BMDCs) were generated and used to study the maturation profile of …
Production of functional IL-18 by different subtypes of murine and human dendritic cells (DC): DC-derived IL-18 enhances IL-12-dependent Th1 developm…
1998
IL-18 is a recently described cytokine that shares biological activities with IL-12 in driving the development of Th1-type T cells. As dendritic cells (DC) are very potent inducers of T cell proliferation and differentiation we wondered whether they utilize IL-18 as a factor driving Th1 development. We demonstrate by Northern blot and reverse transcription-PCR that various subtypes of human and murine DC as well as the DC-line XS contain IL-18 mRNA. When supernatants of either enriched Langerhans cells (LC) or bone marrow-derived DC were analyzed for production of IL-18 protein, IL-18 production was detected in an IL-18-specific ELISA. To assess whether the IL-18 protein released by DC is f…
Dendritic cells lentivirally engineered to overexpress interleukin-10 inhibit contact hypersensitivity responses, despite their partial activation in…
2010
Background Dendritic cells (DCs) constitute an attractive target for immunotherapeutic approaches. Because DCs are largely refractory to transfection with plasmid DNA, several viral transduction protocols were established. The potential side-effects of lentiviral transduction on the phenotype and activation state of DCs left unstimulated after transduction have not been assessed. There is a need to analyse these parameters as a result of the requirement of using DCs with a low activation state for therapeutic strategies intended to induce tolerance. Methods Lentivirally-transduced bone marrow (BM)-derived DCs (LV-DCs) in comparison with mock-transduced (Mock-DCs) and untreated DCs were anal…
Harnessing dendritic cells in cancer.
2011
Dendritic cells (DCs) are central to the initiation of tumor-specific immune responses. However, the tumor microenvironment generates immunosuppressive cells and soluble mediators that compromise DC functions and limit the success of DC-based therapies. Progress in understanding DC metabolism in cancer is uncovering novel therapeutic targets that could restore DC capacity to prime T cells and trigger effective anticancer responses. Accumulating evidence also indicates that conventional chemo- and radiotherapy protocols can cause DC activation, enhance antigen cross-presentation, selectively eliminate immunosuppressive cells and revert the immunosuppression state caused by cancer, suggesting…
Oxymetazoline modulates proinflammatory cytokines and the T‐cell stimulatory capacity of dendritic cells
2007
The nasal decongestant oxymetazoline (OMZ) is frequently used in the topical treatment of rhinitis/sinusitis. As proinflammatory cytokines play a critical role in the development and maintenance of local inflammation, the aim of this study was to investigate the influence of OMZ on immune cells in order to diminish the mucosal infiltration of the nose. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from buffy coats of healthy volunteers were isolated and stimulated in the presence or absence of OMZ. In addition, monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DC) were generated and different concentrations of OMZ were added. DC phenotype and their T-cell stimulatory properties were analysed. The vasoactive su…
Entry and processing of Borrelia burgdorferi pleomorphic forms
2015
Lymen borrelioosi on Suomessakin yleinen puutiaisten levittämä tauti. Borrelioosin ensimmäisiä oireita ovat muun muassa puutiaisen pureman ympärille muodostuva ihottuma, päänsärky, väsymys ja kuume. Myöhemmin tauti voi aiheuttaa nivel- tai sydäntulehduksen sekä neurologisia oireita. Borrelioosi on monessa suhteessa kiistanalainen tauti, sillä esimerkiksi sen hoidosta ja mahdollisesta kroonistumisesta on kaksi eriävää näkemystä. Taudin aiheuttaja on Borrelia burgdorferi -bakteeri (Bb). Bb pystyy välttelemään isännän immuunipuolustusta useilla eri mekanismeilla. Bakteeri on korkkiruuvinmuotoinen spirokeetta, mutta voi esiintyä myös epätyypillisinä muotoina, joihin kuuluu esimerkiksi pyöreä mu…