Search results for "Density Functional Theory"

showing 10 items of 981 documents

A theoretical study on the regioselectivity of 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions using dft-based reactivity indexes

2004

The regioselectivity for a series of four 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions has been studied using global and local reactivity indexes. The results of the theoretical analysis suggest that for asynchronous cycloadditions associated to polar processes, the regioselectivity is consistently explained by the most favorable two-center interactions between the highest nucleophilic and electrophilic sites of the reagents.

DipoleNucleophileComputational chemistryChemistryOrganic ChemistryDrug DiscoveryElectrophileRegioselectivityReactivity (chemistry)Density functional theoryBiochemistryCycloaddition
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Electronic structure of the glyoxalbis(2-hydroxyanil) (gha) ligand in [CoIII(gha)(PPh3)2]+: radical vs. non-radical states

2008

The synthesis, structure and spectroscopic properties of a complex salt [CoIII(gha)(PPh3)2][CoIICl3(PPh3)]·C2H5OH (1) are reported; gha = glyoxalbis(2-hydroxyanil). This is the first single crystal X-ray structure of a (gha)2− complex with a transition element. Though the determined bond parameters and UV-Vis spectroscopic data correlate well with a diradical description for the cation in 1, detailed electronic structure calculations using density functional theory confirm that [Co(gha)(PPh3)2]+ can be described as a closed shell singlet species which nevertheless displays an interesting electronic structure with significant electron transfer to the formally unoccupied LUMO of the square pl…

DiradicalChemistryLigandradikaalilignaditmetal complexesElectronic structureInorganic ChemistryCrystallographyElectron transferComputational chemistryDensity functional theorySinglet stateGround stateradical ligandsHOMO/LUMOmetallikompleksitDalton Transactions
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Evidence of superatom electronic shells in ligand-stabilized aluminum clusters

2011

Ligand-stabilized aluminum clusters are investigated by density functional theory calculations. Analysis of Kohn-Sham molecular orbitals and projected density of states uncovers an electronic shell structure that adheres to the superatom complex model for ligand-stabilized aluminum clusters. In this current study, we explain how the superatom complex electron-counting rule is influenced by the electron-withdrawing ligand and a dopant atom in the metallic core. The results may guide the prediction of new stable ligand-stabilized (superatom) complexes, regardless of core and electron-withdrawing ligand composition.

DopantChemistryLigandSuperatomGeneral Physics and AstronomyQuantitative Biology::Cell BehaviorQuantitative Biology::Subcellular ProcessesMetalChemical physicsvisual_artAtomPhysics::Atomic and Molecular Clustersvisual_art.visual_art_mediumDensity of statesDensity functional theoryMolecular orbitalPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsThe Journal of Chemical Physics
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Stability and magnetic properties of Fe double layers on Ir (111)

2018

We investigate the interplay between the structural reconstruction and the magnetic properties of Fe doublelayers on Ir (111)-substrate using first-principles calculations based on density functional theory and mapping of the total energies on an atomistic spin model. We show that, if a second Fe monolayer is deposited on Fe/Ir (111), the stacking may change from hexagonal close-packed to bcc (110)-like accompanied by a reduction of symmetry from trigonal to centered rectangular. Although the bcc-like surface has a lower coordination, we find that this is the structural ground state. This reconstruction has a major impact on the magnetic structure. We investigate in detail the changes in th…

Double layer (biology)Condensed Matter - Materials ScienceMaterials scienceCondensed matter physicsMagnetic structureStackingMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)FOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyMagnetocrystalline anisotropy01 natural sciencesCondensed Matter::Materials Science0103 physical sciencesMonolayerCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsDensity functional theory010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyGround stateAnisotropyPhysical Review B
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Acridine orange in a pumpkin-shaped macrocycle: Beyond solvent effects in the UV–visible spectra simulation of dyes

2010

Abstract We present simulation of the UV–visible spectra of acridine orange, a widely used photosensitizer for in vivo studies due to its highly environment-dependent spectroscopic properties. This dye has been investigated both in its protonated and neutral forms, either isolated or embedded in a pumpkin-shaped macromolecular cycle (cucurbit-7-uril), using time-dependent density functional theory techniques. To model this macromolecular cycle, two strategies are taken into account, allowing decoupling of the geometric and electrostatic influences of the host on the guest molecules. Experimental data are well-reproduced when using an embedding electrostatic technique, suggesting that such a…

Dye010405 organic chemistryAcridine orangeProtonationTime-dependent density functional theory010402 general chemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsPhotochemistry01 natural sciencesBiochemistry0104 chemical scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryDensity functional theoryTime-dependent density functional theoryMolecule[CHIM]Chemical SciencesPhotosensitizerDensity functional theoryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistrySolvent effectsComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSMacromolecule
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Time-dependent density-functional theory in the projector augmented-wave method

2008

We present the implementation of the time-dependent density-functional theory both in linear-response and in time-propagation formalisms using the projector augmented-wave method in real-space grids. The two technically very different methods are compared in the linear-response regime where we found perfect agreement in the calculated photoabsorption spectra. We discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the two methods as well as their convergence properties. We demonstrate different applications of the methods by calculating excitation energies and excited state Born–Oppenheimer potential surfaces for a set of atoms and molecules with the linear-response method and by calculating nonlinear e…

ELECTRONIC EXCITATIONStime propagationGeneral Physics and AstronomySpectral linelaw.inventionlinear responseATOMSlawQuantum mechanicsSPECTRAPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryEXCHANGEEQUATIONSPhysicsREAL-TIMEPhysicsAtoms in moleculesTime-dependent density functional theorytime-dependent density-functional theoryNonlinear systemProjectorRESPONSE THEORYphotoabsorptionExcited statenon-linear responseProjector augmented wave methodDensity functional theoryCLUSTERSAPPROXIMATION
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Small-amplitude collective modes of a finite-size unitary Fermi gas in deformed traps

2019

We have investigated collective breathing modes of a unitary Fermi gas in deformed harmonic traps. The ground state is studied by the Superfluid Local Density Approximation (SLDA) and small-amplitude collective modes are studied by the iterative Quasiparticle Random Phase Approximation (QRPA). The results illustrate the evolutions of collective modes of a small system in traps from spherical to elongated or pancake deformations. For small spherical systems, the influences of different SLDA parameters are significant, and, in particular, a large pairing strength can shift up the oscillation frequency of collective mode. The transition currents from QRPA show that the compressional flow patte…

EXCITATIONSCondensed Matter::Quantum GasesPhysicsCondensed matter physics010308 nuclear & particles physicsOscillationfermi gasestiheysfunktionaaliteoriaFOS: Physical sciences114 Physical sciences01 natural sciencesultracold gasesSuperfluidityQuantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)random phase approximationPairing0103 physical sciencesQuasiparticleLocal-density approximationCondensed Matter - Quantum Gases010306 general physicsGround stateFermi gasRandom phase approximationdensity functional theoryPhysical Review A
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Computational Screening of Doped Graphene Electrodes for Alkaline CO2 Reduction

2020

The electrocatalytic CO<sub>2</sub> reduction reaction (CO<sub>2</sub>RR) is considered as one of the most promising approaches to synthesizing carbonaceous fuels and chemicals without utilizing fossil resources. However, current technologies are still in the early phase focusing primarily on identifying optimal electrode materials and reaction conditions. Doped graphene-based materials are among the best CO<sub>2</sub>RR electrocatalysts and in the present work we have performed a computational screening study to identify suitable graphene catalysts for CO<sub>2</sub>RR to CO under alkaline conditions. Several types of modified-graphene frame…

Economics and Econometricsproton-coupled electron transferMaterials scienceStandard hydrogen electrodeEnergy Engineering and Power Technologylcsh:A02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistryElectrochemistryElectrocatalystelectrosorption01 natural sciencesRedoxlaw.inventionCatalysisElectron transferelektrokatalyysilawgrafeenielectrocatalysisdensity functional theoryRenewable Energy Sustainability and the EnvironmentGraphenegraphenetiheysfunktionaaliteoria021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesFuel TechnologyChemical engineeringElectrodelcsh:General Works0210 nano-technology
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Ultra-nonlocality in density functional theory for photo-emission spectroscopy.

2014

We derive an exact expression for the photo-current of photo-emission spectroscopy using time-dependent current density functional theory (TDCDFT). This expression is given as an integral over the Kohn-Sham spectral function renormalized by effective potentials that depend on the exchange-correlation kernel of current density functional theory. We analyze in detail the physical content of this expression by making a connection between the density-functional expression and the diagrammatic expansion of the photo-current within many-body perturbation theory. We further demonstrate that the density functional expression does not provide us with information on the kinetic energy distribution of…

Electromagnetic fieldPhysicsCondensed Matter - Materials Scienceta114Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physicsphotocurrentsphotoelectron spectroscopyGeneral Physics and AstronomyMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)FOS: Physical sciencesKinetic energySettore FIS/03 - Fisica della MateriaQuantum nonlocalitykineticsQuantum electrodynamicsKernel (statistics)Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)Density functional theoryEmission spectrumPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryPerturbation theorySpectroscopyThe Journal of chemical physics
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A molecular electron density theory study of the [3 + 2] cycloaddition reaction of nitrones with ketenes.

2017

The [3 + 2] cycloaddition (32CA) reaction between nitrones and ketenes has been studied within the Molecular Electron Density Theory (MEDT) at the Density Functional Theory (DFT) MPWB1K/6-311G(d,p) computational level. Analysis of the conceptual DFT reactivity indices allows the explanation of the reactivity, and the chemo- and regioselectivity experimentally observed. The particular mechanism of this 32CA reaction involving low electrophilic ketenes has been elucidated by using a bonding evolution theory (BET) study. It is determined that this reaction takes place in one kinetic step only but in a non-concerted manner since two stages are clearly identified. Indeed, the formation of the se…

Electron density010405 organic chemistryChemistryStereochemistryOrganic ChemistryRegioselectivity010402 general chemistryKinetic energy01 natural sciencesBiochemistryCycloaddition0104 chemical sciencesEvolution theoryComputational chemistryElectrophileDensity functional theoryReactivity (chemistry)Physical and Theoretical ChemistryOrganicbiomolecular chemistry
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