Search results for "Depressive disorder"
showing 10 items of 445 documents
Type D personality is independently associated with major psychosocial stressors and increased health care utilization in the general population
2011
Abstract Background Type D is considered as a non pathological personality trait and propensity for mental distress. Its relationship with mental distress has been mainly studied in cardiovascular patients and with respect to depression. The knowledge about the relationship of Type D with mental disorders, psychosocial stressors and health care utilization in the general population is insufficient. Therefore the present study sought to determine the associations of Type D with mental distress, major psychosocial stressors, health status, and health care utilization in the general population. Methods Cross-sectional analysis in a representative population based sample of n = 2495 subjects (m…
Early improvement under mirtazapine and paroxetine predicts later stable response and remission with high sensitivity in patients with major depressi…
2003
OBJECTIVE Current clinical knowledge holds that antidepressants have a delayed onset of efficacy. However, the delayed onset hypothesis has been questioned recently by survival analytical approaches. We aimed to test whether early improvement under antidepressant treatment is a clinically useful predictor of later stable response and remission. METHOD We analyzed data from a randomized double-blind controlled trial with mirtazapine and paroxetine in patients with major depression (DSM-IV). Improvement was defined as a 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D-17) score reduction of > or = 20%. Stable response was defined as > or = 50% HAM-D-17 score reduction at week 4 and week 6,…
Response to treatment in minor and major depression: results of a double-blind comparative study with paroxetine and maprotiline.
1997
Several concepts of minor depression in the sense of acute but less severe symptomatology than major depression have been proposed in the literature, but currently none of them is generally accepted. For the treatment of these conditions, only few recommendations based on empirical data are available. We conducted a randomized double-blind multicentre study in depressed outpatients comparing paroxetine and maprotiline in both patients with minor (n = 245) and major depression (n = 298). For the diagnosis, Research Diagnostic Criteria were used in a modified version. Two response criteria were applied: a reduction of 50% or more in total HAMD-17 scores from baseline (criterion 1), and a redu…
Adaptation and validation of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 to evaluate major depression in a primary care sample in Latvia
2017
Background: Depression is one of the most common mental disorders in primary care settings and is often underdiagnosed and undertreated by general practitioners (GPs). To date, no depression screening instruments have been validated for use in primary care settings in Latvia. The aim of this study was to establish the validity and cutoff score of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) among primary care patients in Latvia. Materials and methods: During a one-week period, all consecutive patients aged 18 years or older visiting their GP of health concerns at 6 primary care settings were invited to complete the PHQ-9 questionnaire in their native language (Latvian or Russian). Criterion v…
Predictors of stigmatizing attitudes towards people with mental disorders in a general population in Finland
2010
For planning effective and well-targeted initiatives to reduce stigma, we need to identify which factors are associated with stigmatizing of people with mental disorders.This study examined how well a combination of variables predicts stigmatizing attitudes and discrimination in a general population.A survey questionnaire was sent to 10,000 persons aged 15-80 years residing in western Finland. Attitudes were measured using a scale consisting of negative stereotypes about people with depression and stereotypical beliefs connected with mental problems, while discrimination was measured by a social distance scale. Predictors included demographic variables, mental health resources, personal exp…
Personality and perception of stigma in psychiatric patients with depressive disorders
2010
Objective The study seeks to determine the relationships between neuroticism and extroversion, on the one side, and the perception of various dimensions of social stigma, on the other, in psychiatric in-patients with depressive disorders, such as depressive episodes, or mood and anxiety disorders with the presence of depressive symptoms. Material and methods A total of 72 patients were examined in the study. Twenty four of them (F/M - 12/12; age range 42-65 years) were used for assessing the reliability of a depression stigma questionnaire (DSQ) created specifically for this study. The remaining 48 patients (F/M - 31/17; age range 17-74 years) were then surveyed with the DSQ and other psych…
Efficacy and cost-effectiveness of a blended cognitive behavioral therapy for depression in Spanish primary health care:Study protocol for a randomis…
2018
Background: Data from primary health care in Spain show a high prevalence of the major depressive disorder. Blended treatment (combination of face-to-face and online components) seems to be a very promising tool for the optimization and dissemination of psychological treatments in a cost-effective form. Although there is growing data that confirm the advantages of blended therapies, few studies have analyzed their application in regular clinical practice. The objective of the present paper is to describe the protocol for a clinical study aimed at exploring the clinical and cost-effectiveness of a blended cognitive behavioral therapy (b-CBT) for depression, compared to treatment as usual (TA…
Clinical Predictors of Response to Magnetic Seizure Therapy in Depression
2019
Objectives Magnetic seizure therapy (MST) is a novel convulsive brain stimulation method in clinical testing, which is used as an alternative for electroconvulsive therapy in patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Preliminary studies have suggested that MST leads to fewer cognitive adverse effects than electroconvulsive therapy but has similar efficacy. However, the clinical predictors of response to MST have not been evaluated yet. This study aimed to investigate whether these predictors can be identified in patients with TRD. Methods Thirty-eight patients with TRD were included. As clinical predictors for treatment response, we used the diagnosis, sex, age, family history, an…
Effects of magnetic seizure therapy on anterograde and retrograde amnesia in treatment‐resistant depression
2019
Background Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is the gold standard for treatment-resistant depression (TRD). However, cognitive side effects, mainly anterograde and retrograde amnesia, frequently occur. Magnetic seizure therapy (MST) is tested using more focal seizure induction. However, the suggestion MST may be more beneficial than ECT because it causes fewer amnesia have not yet been comprehensively investigated using common neuropsychological testing specifically for ECT. We aimed to examine whether MST causes anterograde and retrograde amnesia. Methods Ten patients with TRD were treated with MST (8.9 [2] treatments) at 100% machine output, a frequency of 100 Hz and 657.4 (62) pulses per t…
Experimental evidence for a motivational origin of cognitive impairment in major depression.
2007
BackgroundDiagnostic criteria and empirical evidence support the existence of cognitive deficits in depression. However, depressed mood, loss of interest and low self-efficacy might influence cognitive performance.MethodGoal-setting instructions were used to promote motivation in depressed patients and control subjects during neuropsychological assessment. The resulting performance was compared with performance using standard instructions. Sixty in-patients with non-psychotic unipolar depression and 60 age- and education-matched healthy control subjects were assessed with standard neuropsychological tests [the Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT), the Digit Symbol Test (DST), the Regensburg…