Search results for "Depressive disorder"
showing 10 items of 445 documents
Response und Remission in der Psychotherapieforschung
2010
Treatment effects of psychotherapy are usually studied using analysis of mean differences, tests of significance and effect size measures. These strategies, however, do not answer the question of how large the proportion of patients is who responded to treatment or who even reached remission. This article compares 2 competing methods of response and remission analysis: The Reliable Change Index (RCI) according to Jacobson et al. and the method of percent symptom reduction (PSR). We applied both methods using a sample of 338 patients with DSM-IV major depressive disorder. A pre-post treatment effect of Cohen's d=1,16 (intention-to-treat) resulted for the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), corr…
International Consensus Group on Depression Prevention in Bipolar Disorder
2011
The conference was chaired by Mark A. Frye, MD, Department of Psychiatry, The Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States. The faculty were Kyooseob Ha, MD, PhD, Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, and the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Shigenobu Kanba, MD, PhD, Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Kyushu, Fukuoka-shi, Fukuoka, Japan; Tadafumi Kato, MD, PhD, Laboratory for Molecular Dynamics of Mental Disorders, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, Japan; Susan L. McElroy, MD, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, …
Central side-effects of therapies based on CB1 cannabinoid receptor agonists and antagonists: focus on anxiety and depression
2009
Both agonists (e.g. Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol, nabilone) and antagonists (e.g. rimonabant, taranabant) of the cannabinoid type-1 (CB(1)) receptor have been explored as therapeutic agents in diverse fields of medicine such as pain management and obesity with associated metabolic dysregulation, respectively. CB(1) receptors are widely distributed in the central nervous system and are involved in the modulation of emotion, stress and habituation responses, behaviours that are thought to be dysregulated in human psychiatric disorders. Accordingly, CB(1) receptor activation may, in some cases, precipitate episodes of psychosis and panic, while its inhibition may lead to behaviours reminiscen…
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for Major Depressive Disorder: Insights into a New Generation of Face-to-Face Treatment and Digital Self-Help Appro…
2021
Major depressive disorder (MDD) represents a key contributor to the global burden of mental illness given its relatively high lifetime prevalence, frequent comorbidity, and disability rates. Evidence-based treatment options for depression include pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy, such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). Beyond traditional CBT, over 15 years ago, Hayes proclaimed a new generation of contextualistic and process-orientated so-called third wave of CBT interventions, including acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT). Using mindfulness and acceptance as well as commitment and behavior change processes, the transdiagnostic ACT approach aims to increase psychological flexibilit…
CHILDREN’S DEPRESSION RATING SCALE-REVISED (CDRS-R) – DEVELOPMENT OF THE LATVIAN VERSION AND PSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIES IN A CLINICAL AND NON-CLINICAL S…
2019
Depression is one of the most widespread mental disorders worldwide. Adolescence is a vulnerable period for developing depression. It is associated with a number of challenges in biological, psychological and social areas. Valid and reliable measurement instruments are required for assessment of symptoms of depression in clinical samples of adolescents in Latvia. Children's Depression Rating Scale Revised (CDRS-R, Posnanski & Mokros, 1996) is a semi-structured, clinician-rated interview for assessment of depression in children and adolescents. While the CDRS-R is the most widely used rating scale for research and clinicians’ practical use worldwide, there's no validated version in Latvi…
Low intensity vs. self-guided Internet-delivered psychotherapy for major depression: A multicenter, controlled, randomized study
2013
Abstract Background Major depression will become the second most important cause of disability in 2020. Computerized cognitive-behaviour therapy could be an efficacious and cost-effective option for its treatment. No studies on cost-effectiveness of low intensity vs self-guided psychotherapy has been carried out. The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy of low intensity vs self-guided psychotherapy for major depression in the Spanish health system. Methods The study is made up of 3 phases: 1.- Development of a computerized cognitive-behaviour therapy for depression tailored to Spanish health system. 2.- Multicenter controlled, randomized study: A sample (N=450 patients) with mild/mod…
La opinión negativa del sí-mismo en los trastornos depresivos
2002
According to cognitive theory of depression (Beck, 1967, 1976), negatively biased information processing is responsible for maintenance, severity and duration of depressive affect. However, the evidence does not consistently support this assumption. The present study was designed to ascertain if depressed patients have access not only to negative information about the self, but also to positive one. Twenty patients with major depressive disorder, 18 with distimic disorder, and 20 nonpsychiatric controls completed a self-referent task. Instructions to perform the task were manipulated in order to fulfill it taking into account three different time-periods: present, past, and future. Data sho…
Psychometric Aspects of the Depressive Experiences Questionnaire: Implications for Clinical Assessment and Research
2018
The Depressive Experiences Questionnaire (DEQ) is a self-report measure that assesses self-criticism and dependency, 2 personality traits that confer vulnerability to depression (Blatt, 2004). Over several decades, different, shortened versions of the DEQ have been constructed to offer an alternative to the complex scoring procedure of the original DEQ. This study explores the factor structure as well as the construct and convergent validity of the DEQ by comparing a clinical and nonclinical sample. We also compared the original DEQ with 5 shortened versions. There were 621 participants (358 university students and 263 outpatients). Fit indexes for models of the original DEQ did not meet mi…
Development of the insight scale for affective disorders (ISAD): modification from the scale to assess unawareness of mental disorder.
2011
Abstract Background Research on insight in patients with mood disorders has grown in recent years. Several instruments to assess insight have been used, but most of them have been specifically designed for psychosis and may not appear relevant to mood disorders. The aim of the present study is to develop a short, multidimensional, reliable and valid scale to measure insight in patients with mood disorders, based on the Amador's Scale to Assess Unawareness of Mental Disorders (SUMD). Method A Delphi method was used to facilitate expert participation and ensure face and content validity. The SUMD structure and items were used as a reference in the scale development. A new scale with 17 items …
Telomeres in the Brain Cortex of Patients with Major Depressive Disorder
2014
Telomeres are complex structures formed by the end of the DNA molecule at the tip of each chromosomal arm. The repeated (TTAGGG) telomeric sequence progressively shortens during lifespan because it cannot be replicated as somatic cells divide, and is highly susceptible to breakage by free radicals. Critically shortened telomeres activate the genetic program of cell senescence and/or apoptosis. The telomere length measured in peripheral blood leucocytes is considered a reliable marker of biological age, mortality risk and exposure to various pathological conditions, including cardiovascular disease, dementia, and metabolic syndrome. Telomere erosion has been observed in psychiatric disorders…