Search results for "Deprivation"
showing 10 items of 291 documents
Social Inclusion Challenges for Different Society Groups in Latvia
2021
Latvia has been receiving critical remarks from international institutions in regard to high level of social inequality of various groups in the society. Statistical data indicate that the society of Latvia has to address serious challenges in social inclusion, including several aspects in health care. The aim of the paper is to propose possible solutions for social inclusion of different society groups, especially in relation to health care aspects and including application of life-long-learning for health care for several society groups. Research approach to the problem: analysis of data obtained in representative survey 9280 respondents: health condition self-evaluation analysis by regio…
Automatic auditory and somatosensory brain responses in relation to cognitive abilities and physical fitness in older adults
2017
AbstractIn normal ageing, structural and functional changes in the brain lead to an altered processing of sensory stimuli and to changes in cognitive functions. The link between changes in sensory processing and cognition is not well understood, but physical fitness is suggested to be beneficial for both. We recorded event-related potentials to somatosensory and auditory stimuli in a passive change detection paradigm from 81 older and 38 young women and investigated their associations with cognitive performance. In older adults also associations to physical fitness were studied. The somatosensory mismatch response was attenuated in older adults and it associated with executive functions. So…
The combined effect of lower extremity function and cognitive performance on perceived walking ability among older people : a 2-year follow-up study
2018
Background We studied the combined effects of cognitive performance and lower extremity function on self-reported walking modifications and walking difficulty and on self-reported walking difficulty incidence over a 2-year follow-up. Methods A total of 848 community-dwelling older people aged 75-90 years participated at baseline, 816 at the 1-year follow-up, and 761 at the 2-year follow-up. Baseline lower extremity function was measured with the Short Physical Performance Battery (<10 vs. ≥10) and cognitive performance with the Mini-Mental State Examination (<24 vs. ≥24). Difficulty in walking 2 km was self-reported and categorized into no difficulties, no difficulties but walking modificat…
Effects of a multicomponent resistance-based exercise program with protein, vitamin D and calcium supplementation on cognition in men with prostate c…
2022
Objectives The aim of this preplanned secondary analysis of a 12-month randomised controlled trial was to investigate the effects of a multicomponent exercise programme combined with daily whey protein, calcium and vitamin D supplementation on cognition in men with prostate cancer treated with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). Design 12-month, two-arm, randomised controlled trial. Setting University clinical exercise centre. Participants 70 ADT-treated men were randomised to exercise-training plus supplementation (Ex+ Suppl, n=34) or usual care (control, n=36). Intervention Men allocated to Ex + Suppl undertook thrice weekly resistance training with weight-bearing exercise training plus d…
MATERIAL DEPRIVATION AMONG FOREIGNERS IN ITALY
2014
In all European countries, migrant populations tend to have worse living conditions than native; this is particularly true for those born outside the EU. This paper proposes a new way to look at the relative living conditions of foreigners by looking at non-monetary (or ‘direct’) indicators of material deprivation in Italy-a country characterized by the presence of a wide range of nationalities. To examine differences in economic integration of foreigners, the paper documents deprivation differentials across groups of foreigners. In particular, we measure differences in material deprivation between groups of foreigners once we control for the demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of…
Data from: Survival after pathogen exposure in group-living insects: don’t forget the stress of social isolation!
2016
A major cost of group-living is its inherent risk of pathogen infection. To limit this risk, many group-living animals have developed the capability to prophylactically boost their immune system in the presence of group members and/or to mount collective defenses against pathogens. These two phenomena, called density dependent prophylaxis and social immunity, respectively, are often used to explain why, in group-living species, individuals survive better in groups than in isolation. However, this survival difference may also reflect an alternative and often overlooked process: a cost of social isolation on individuals’ capability to fight against infections. Here, we disentangled the effect…
Neuropsychological profiles of FMR-1 premutation and full-mutation carrier females
1999
Abstract The present French–German investigation of fragile-X syndrome (fra-X) was undertaken to disentangle genetic from environmental effects on cognitive performance as assessed with the following measures: Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised (WAIS-R), Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, Trail-Making Test, Tower of Hanai, Verbal Fluency Test, Stroop Test, short-term and consolidation memory, and the d2 task. Groups with different genotypes ( n =11 mothers with a full mutation in the FMR-1 gene of fra-X children; n =65 mothers with a premutation in the FMR-1 gene of fra-X children; n =18 siblings of these mothers with normal CGG repeats) and with different psychosocial stressors from fra-X…
Adipose Tissue in Sleep Apnea
2015
Obesity is increasingly recognized as a very complex metabolic state. Besides visceral obesity and white adipose tissue (WAT) function, the most recent studies point to a major metabolic role of brown adipose tissue (BAT) in energy metabolism. Visceral obesity is associated with hypoxia of adipose tissue and inflammation, both these features being also present in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Obesity and OSA may share some common pathogenetic mechanisms, since hypoxia and inflammation are major features of OSA as well. However, the unique pattern of intermittent hypoxia occurring in OSA patients during sleep may modify the response of WAT and BAT in both lean and obese subjec…
2019
Current research demonstrates beneficial effects of physical activity on brain functions and cognitive performance. To date, less is known on the effects of gross motor movements that do not fall into the category of sports-related aerobic or anaerobic exercise. In previous studies, we found beneficial effects of dynamic working environments, i.e., environments that encourage movements during cognitive task performance, on cognitive performance and corresponding brain activity. Aim of the present study was to examine the effects of working in a dynamic and a static office environment on attentional and vigilance performance, and on the corresponding electroencephalographic (EEG) brain oscil…
Bestimmung der Tagesschwankungen des Plasma-Testosterons normaler M�nner durch kompetitive Proteinbindung
1970
Bei der Bestimmung von Tagesschwankungen von Plasma-Testosteron normaler Manner mit der kompetitivenProteinbindung wurden tiefste Werte um 20.00 Uhr und hochste Werte entweder um 4.00 Uhr oder um 12.00 Uhr gefunden.