Search results for "Design"

Advanced Statistical Tools for Six Sigma and other Industrial Applications

Six Sigma is a methodological approach and philosophy for quality improvement in operations management; its main objectives are identifying and removing the causes of defects, and minimizing variability in manufacturing and business processes. To do so, Six Sigma combines managerial and statistical tools, with the creation of a dedicated organizational structure. In this doctoral thesis and the three years of study and research, we have had the purpose to advance the potential applications of the methodology and its tools; with a specific attention on issues and challenges that typically prevent the realization of the expected financial and operational gains that a company pursue in applyin…

Navigation accuracy after automatic- and hybrid-surface registration in sinus and skull base surgery.

2016

Objective Computer-aided-surgery in ENT surgery is mainly used for sinus surgery but navigation accuracy still reaches its limits for skull base procedures. Knowledge of navigation accuracy in distinct anatomical regions is therefore mandatory. This study examined whether navigation accuracy can be improved in specific anatomical localizations by using hybrid registration technique. Study design Experimental phantom study. Setting Operating room. Subjects and methods The gold standard of screw registration was compared with automatic LED-mask-registration alone, and in combination with additional surface matching. 3D-printer-based skull models with individual fabricated silicone skin were u…

Dosimetry comparison between TG-43 and Monte Carlo calculations using the Freiburg flap for skin high-dose-rate brachytherapy

2012

Abstract Purpose The purpose of this work was to evaluate whether the delivered dose to the skin surface and at the prescription depth when using a Freiburg flap applicator is in agreement with the one predicted by the treatment planning system (TPS) using the TG-43 dose-calculation formalism. Methods and Materials Monte Carlo (MC) simulations and radiochromic film measurements have been performed to obtain dose distributions with the source located at the center of one of the spheres and between two spheres. Primary and scatter dose contributions were evaluated to understand the role played by the scatter component. A standard treatment plan was generated using MC- and TG-43-based TPS appl…

Advances in designing drip irrigation laterals

2018

It is known that using paired laterals, in which two distribution pipes extend in opposite directions from a common manifold, contribute to increasing water use efficiency (WUE). Recently, an analytical procedure to optimally design paired drip laterals on uniform slopes was proposed. More recently, this design procedure was simplified by deriving simple explicit relationships, as a function of 16 calibration constants, with relative errors that were less than 2%. In this paper, further simple design relationships are derived that require only 3 calibration constants, thus more readily obtainable results are produced and the influence of the flow rate and diameter exponents of resistance eq…

Esperienze Europee e Italiane Smart Cities: un modello per la pianificazione smart del costruito

2013

La costruzione delle città attraverso misure smart è ad oggi una frontiera raggiunta da molte città nel mondo. L’ambiente costruito necessita di una pianificazione smart capace di mettere in rapporto realtà urbane che vengono invece relegate ad una trasformazione marginale. Ma in che modo le Smart Cities possono ricucire un rapporto sostenibile e prestazionale tra le città del futuro e il loro patrimonio? L’articolo mette in luce le modalità di trasformazione urbana smart delle realtà europee e italiane proponendone confronti critici dai quali dedurre i parametri smart più utilizzati e facilmente applicabili per la costruzione sostenibile di queste città intelligenti analizzando i contesti …

I borghi interni in Sicilia: recupero dell’identità e strategie di valorizzazione

2021

La promozione di studi e ricerche volti al recupero e alla valorizzazione delle aree interne marginali e dei centri minori, indirizzati a supportare Regioni, Comuni e cittadinanza locale, estremamente utili all’individuazione di soluzioni più opportune per lo sviluppo sostenibile e la valorizzazione di luoghi e architetture, ha suggerito la ricerca che in questo saggio si vuole illustrare, rivolta a investigare – in prima battuta e in termini generali – i caratteri identitari dell’area montana interna siciliana delle “Madonie” e nel dettaglio, invece, il borgo “Pusterna” del comune di Petralia Sottana. Si verificheranno, per quest’ultimo, i livelli di comfort indoor raggiungibili nell’ambit…

Intangible smart city inside tangible historic city: smart heritage as regeneration of Euro-Mediterranean realities

2014

The proposed research examines how EU policy is facilitating the construction of smart cities that are confronted with a cultural heritage to be protected, as is already happening in some urban realities of the Euro-Mediterranean band. We will proceed by making comparisons between the strategies adopted, through the identification of the most common civic practices and of the virtual infrastructure used. This article will bring to light how the virtual city descends into the historic one, how these two realities complement each other and when the virtual city makes use of that historical and material one.

Autonomous maritime ecosystem : digital concepts and business case : results from the JYU TJTSM54 course on advanced topics on systems development

2019

The Conceptual Levels and Theory Languages of Interaction Design

2009

In a way, concepts are like friends. Tell me what your concepts are and I can tell what you are. Modifying freely the way Wittgenstein (1921) expressed this important Kantian (1781) point on the limiting power of concepts on one’s thinking, the concepts that human– technology interaction designers of different scientific backgrounds use differ from each other and, consequently, they are apt to solve the same tasks in different ways. Theoretical concepts constrain the kinds of questions specialists can ask and what kinds of things they are interested in. Thus programmers have a different view of users than do psychologists or sociologists. Just as a lay person can understand little about ven…

Creating Digital Musical Instruments With and for Children: Including Vocal Sketching as a Method for Engaging in Codesign

2020

International audience; A class of master of science students and a group of preschool children codesigned new digital musical instruments based on workshop interviews involving vocal sketching, a method for imitating and portraying sounds. The aim of the study was to explore how the students and children would approach vocal sketching as one of several design methods. The children described musical instruments to the students using vocal sketching and other modalities (verbal, drawing, gestures). The resulting instruments built by the students were showcased at the Swedish Museum of Performing Arts in Stockholm. Although all the children tried vocal sketching during preparatory tasks, few …