Search results for "Detectors"

showing 10 items of 2229 documents

Sub-kelvin current amplifier using DC-SQUID

2000

Abstract We have set up a system where a low-noise DC-SQUID is used as a current amplifier. The SQUID output is read using a wide band electronics unit based on the noise cancellation scheme. The SQUID has been installed in a compact Nanoway PDR50 dilution refrigerator, and superconducting transitions of Ti/Au thermometer strips for X-ray calorimeter applications have been measured. We can operate at 100 mK using a SQUID with Pd shunt resistors. Noise and bandwidth results of the setup are presented.

PhysicsSuperconductivityCurrent-feedback operational amplifierbusiness.industryPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsAmplifierPhysics::Medical PhysicsSTRIPSCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.inventionNuclear magnetic resonancelawThermometerCondensed Matter::SuperconductivityOptoelectronicsElectronicsDilution refrigeratorElectrical and Electronic EngineeringbusinessActive noise controlPhysica B: Condensed Matter
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Spectral broadening by quasiparticle pile-up in X-ray microcalorimeters with superconducting absorbers

2004

Long-living quasiparticles can pile-up in a superconducting absorber of an X-ray microcalorimeter when photons are detected at high count rate. These quasiparticles can give a non-negligible contribution to the total heat capacity of the detector thus affecting the pulse height spectrum of detected photons. We investigated this effect with numerical simulations and evaluated the resulting spectral broadening as a function of the photon absorption rate, and the heat capacity of the detector for a NTD germanium microcalorimeter with pure Sn absorber.

PhysicsSuperconductivityNuclear and High Energy PhysicsPhotonCondensed matter physicsPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsDetectorX-raychemistry.chemical_elementGermaniummicrocalorimeterHeat capacitychemistryX-ray spectroscopyQuasiparticlesuperconducting absorbersAtomic physicsInstrumentationDoppler broadeningNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
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Test of x-ray microcalorimeters with bilayer absorbers

2008

Superconducting absorbers for thermal X-ray microcalorimeters should convert into thermalized phonons and transfer to the thermal sensor most of the energy deposited by single photons, on a time scale as short as a few tens of microseconds. Since deposition of X-ray energy in a superconductor produces quasiparticles by breaking up of Cooper pairs, the thermalization efficiency depends on the time scale on which they survive within the absorber volume, trapping part of the absorbed energy. According to the predicted values of their microscopic parameters, in many standard type-I superconducting metals the quasiparticle life time at very low temperatures results too long to allow for recombin…

PhysicsSuperconductivityPhotonCondensed matter physicsPhononTantalumchemistry.chemical_elementX-Ray Detectors Spectroscopy MicrocalorimetersThermalisationchemistryCondensed Matter::SuperconductivityThermalQuasiparticleCooper pairSPIE Proceedings
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Laser cooling of externally produced Mg ions in a Penning trap for sympathetic cooling of highly charged ions

2012

We have performed laser cooling of Mg ions confined in a Penning trap. The externally produced ions were captured in flight, stored and laser cooled. Laser-induced fluorescence was observed perpendicular to the cooling laser axis. Optical detection down to the single ion level together with electronic detection of the ion oscillations inside the Penning trap have been used to acquire information on the ion storage time, ion number and ion temperature. Evidence for formation of ion crystals has been observed. These investigations are an important prerequisite for sympathetic cooling of simultaneously stored highly-charged ions and precision laser spectroscopy of forbidden transitions in thes…

PhysicsSympathetic coolingPhysics - Instrumentation and DetectorsAtomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)FOS: Physical sciencesPhysics::OpticsInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)Penning trapLaserIon trappingAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsIonlaw.inventionPhysics - Atomic PhysicslawPhysics::Plasma PhysicsLaser coolingIon trapPhysics::Atomic PhysicsAtomic physicsSpectroscopy
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New methods of evaluation of the flavor composition in e+ e- annihilation by double hemisphere tagging at LEP / SLC energies

1995

Two new methods are proposed to extract the flavour contents of the events produced at LEP/SLC, together with the classification matrix of a tagging by hemispheres. By utilising the tagging obtained in both hemispheres, the efficiencies, backgrounds and flavour compositions are directly obtained by fitting the data. A minimal dependence on modelling and a consistent treatment of systematic errors are achieved by applying these methods. The choice of the tagging algorithm is irrelevant in the methods, provided that similar efficiencies are reached. As an example, a multivariate analysis technique combining the tracking information given by a microvertex detector has been applied to extract t…

PhysicsSystematic errorNuclear and High Energy PhysicsAnnihilationBranching fractionFlavourDetectorHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyComposition (combinatorics)Tracking (particle physics)Nuclear physicsMatrix (mathematics)Física nuclearHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentDetectors and Experimental TechniquesInstrumentation
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Neutrinoless double beta decay with 82 SeF 6 and direct ion imaging

2018

We present a new neutrinoless double beta decay concept: the high pressure selenium hexafluoride gas time projection chamber. Combining techniques pioneered in high pressure xenon gas such as topological discrimination, with the high Q-value afforded by double beta decay isotope $^{82}$Se, a promising new detection technique is outlined. Lack of free electrons in SeF$_6$ mandates the use of an ion TPC. The microphysics of ion production and drift, which have many nuances, are explored. Background estimates are produced suggesting such a detector may achieve background indices of better than 1 count per ton per year in the region of interest at the 100~kg scale, and still better at the ton-s…

PhysicsTime projection chamberPhysics - Instrumentation and Detectors010308 nuclear & particles physicschemistry.chemical_elementFOS: Physical sciencesInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)01 natural sciences7. Clean energyBeta decayParticle detectorIonHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentNuclear physicsHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)XenonchemistryDouble beta decay0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsInstrumentationMathematical PhysicsRadioactive decayLeptonJournal of Instrumentation
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Secondary electron flight times and tracks in the carbon foil time pick-up detector

2014

Carbon foil time pick-up detectors used in the time-of-flight measurements of MeV energy ions have been studied in connection to time-of-flight-energy spectrometer used for heavy ion elastic recoil detection analysis. In experimental coincident TOF-E data characteristic halos are observed around light element isobars, and the origin of these halos were studied. The experimental data indicated that these halos originate from single electron events occurring before the electron multiplication in the microchannel plate. By means of electron trajectory simulations, this halo effect is explained to originate from single electron, emitted from the carbon foil, hitting the non-active area of the m…

PhysicsToF-ERDANuclear and High Energy Physicstiming gateta114business.industryPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsDetectorElectrontime-of-flightSecondary electronsElastic recoil detectionTime of flightOpticsCoincidentMicrochannel plate detectorspectrometerAtomic physicsbusinesscarbon foil time pick-up detectorInstrumentationFOIL methodNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
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Measurement of spin correlation in ttbar production using a matrix element approach

2011

correlation, assuming that the spin of the top quark is either correlated with the spin of the anti-top quark as predicted by the standard model or is uncorrelated. For the first time we use a matrix-element-based approach to study ttbar spin correlation. We use {ttbar -> W+bW-bbar ->l+nubl-nub} final states produced in ppbar collisions at a center of mass energy sqrt(s)=1.96 TeV, where l denotes an electron or a muon. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 5.4 fb-1 and were collected with the dzero detector at the Fermilab Tevatron collider. The result agrees with the standard model prediction. We exclude the hypothesis that the spins of the ttbar are uncorrelated at the …

PhysicsTop quarkParticle physicsMuonLuminosity (scattering theory)010308 nuclear & particles physicsBar (music)Physics::Instrumentation and DetectorsHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyTevatronFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and Astronomy01 natural sciencesHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentStandard ModelNuclear physicsHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)0103 physical sciences[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]High Energy Physics::ExperimentFermilab010306 general physicsSpin-½
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Precise measurement of the top quark mass in the dilepton channel at D0

2011

We measure the top quark mass (mt) in ppbar collisions at a center of mass energy of 1.96 TeV using dilepton ttbar->W+bW-bbar->l+nubl-nubarbbar events, where l denotes an electron, a muon, or a tau that decays leptonically. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 5.4 fb-1 collected with the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider. We obtain mt = 174.0 +- 1.8(stat) +- 2.4(syst) GeV, which is in agreement with the current world average mt = 173.3 +- 1.1 GeV. This is currently the most precise measurement of mt in the dilepton channel.

PhysicsTop quarkParticle physicsPhysics::Instrumentation and Detectors010308 nuclear & particles physicsNuclear TheoryHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and Astronomy01 natural sciencesHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentLuminosityNuclear physicsHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)Experimental High Energy Physics0103 physical sciencesComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]High Energy Physics::Experiment14.65.HaCenter of mass010306 general physicsNuclear ExperimentBar (unit)
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A Wavelength-shifting Optical Module (WOM) for in-ice neutrino detectors

2016

7th Very Large Volume Neutrino Telescope Workshop, Rome, Italy, 14 Sep 2015 - 16 Sep 2015 ; The European physical journal / Web of Conferences 116, 01006 (2016). doi:10.1051/epjconf/201611601006

PhysicsTotal internal reflection010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industryPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsPhysicsQC1-999Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaDetectorWavelength shifter01 natural sciencesNoise (electronics)530WavelengthOpticsNeutrino detector0103 physical sciencesddc:530businessCherenkov radiation0105 earth and related environmental sciencesDark current
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