Search results for "Devaluation"
showing 10 items of 24 documents
Determinants and efficiency of Pakistan's chemical products' exports: An application of stochastic frontier gravity model.
2019
The estimation of efficiency of industry-specific exports is very important to find exports' gap and to frame exports promotion policy for targeted industry. This study attempts to investigate the main determinants of chemical products' exports of Pakistan with 62 trading partners by applying Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) on an augmented gravity model for a period 1995-2015. The results corroborate that chemical products' exports follow gravity patterns. This study finds a negative and significant impact of import tariff on exports of chemical products while the positive impact of devaluation has been observed. Further, the estimations also take into account the impact of Preferential …
Devaluation towards people with schizophrenia in Italian medical, nursing, and psychology students
2017
IntroductionDiscrimination towards people with schizophrenia (PWS) by healthcare professionals is responsible of underdiagnosis and undertreatment of these patients. Negative attitudes toward PSW in health care professionals tend to be present since their university studies and are related to their knowledge and experience about the disease.Objectives and aimsTo assess opinion towards PSW in medical, nursing and psychology students and to investigate the relation with their knowledge of schizophrenia and its causes.MethodsThe study involved 133 medical, 200 nursing and 296 psychology undergraduate students. The opinion on mental illness questionnaire, the Devaluation Consumers Scale, and th…
Validation of the Italian version of the Devaluation consumers' Scale and the Devaluation Consumers Families Scale
2016
Objectives This study aimed to assess the psychometric properties of the Italian versions of the Devaluation of Consumers Scale (DCS) and the Devaluation of Consumer Families Scale (DCFS), twoshort-scales examining public stigma towards people with mental disorders and their relatives. Methods The scales were administered to 117 individuals with a clinical diagnosis of affective or non-affective psychoses (ICD 10 criteria F20-29, F30-33). Translation procedures were carried out according to accepted standards. Internal reliability was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. Convergent validity was evaluated in terms of correlation with the Global Functioning Scale (GAF) and with the Qu…
Del abuso de las palabras. La crisis de la crítica cinematográfica en Argentina
2016
Resumen: el presente trabajo analiza la formación del modelo depreciado de la crítica cinematográfica argentina desde 1990 y toma como caso testigo la publicación especializada El amante. Se plantea la edificación de un sistema de validación mutua con el BAFICI (Buenos Aires Festival Internacional de Cine Independiente) y la Universidad del Cine y cómo esto contribuye a la gestación de la marca Nuevo Cine Argentino. Abstract: This article analyses the forming of the devaluation model of Argentine film criticism since 1990, using El amante journal as a case study. The piece presents the construction of a mutual validation system by BAFICI (Buenos Aires International Independent Film Festi…
Substituting a Substitute Currency – The Case of Estonia
2002
This study evaluates substitution of foreign currency balances in Estonia, a transition economy neighbouring countries participating in EMU. The focus is on substitution between dollar and euro balances in the three basic functions of money - unit of account, store of value and means of payment. While traditional models for currency substitution concentrate on substitution between a domestic currency and aggregate foreign currency balances, we look for substitution between the dollar and the euro or euro-related foreign currency balances. We find substitution between dollarization and euroization to be asymmetric in the short run, which suggests that inertia, irreversibility and ratchet eff…
The Devaluation of Culture and the Devaluation of Education— Problem analysis on the example of selected issues from the humanities and social scienc…
2021
Increasingly, the level of education obtained in European society is related to the level of knowledge about culture and the use of culture itself. At the same time, it is alleged that higher education is now a “commodity” too easily available on the public service markets. In the opinion of some, this reduces the importance of having higher education, but also the state of science itself. The purpose of the article is to show that concepts such as “culture,” “humanities” and “education” are closely related, and therefore, an attempt to lower the meaning of one of these concepts may entail the devaluation of another concept.
The effects of competitiveness on trade balance: The case of Southern Europe
2016
AbstractAccording to conventional wisdom, “peripheral” Southern European members of the euro area (Greece, Italy, Portugal and Spain) suffer from a problem of competitiveness. Since their membership of the euro area renders devaluation impossible, adjustment should come through decreasing wages and prices in these countries, which, by improving the trade balance, should lead to a recovery of previous levels of employment and growth. In this paper, the authors estimate trade balance equations for the Southern European countries, both for total trade and for the trade performed with the European Union, taking three alternative measures of the real exchange rate, based on consumption price ind…
Is Momentum in Currency Markets Driven by Global Economic Risk?
2015
This article investigates the potential link between momentum in currency returns and global economic risk as measured by currency return dispersion (RD). We find that the spread on zero-cost currency momentum strategies is larger and highly significant in high RD states compared to low RD states. Also, the relation between these momentum payoffs and global economic risk appears to increase linearly in risk. Further tests indicate that the same macroeconomic risk component in currency markets is present in global equity markets. Based on this evidence, we conclude that global economic risk as proxied by RD helps to explain currency momentum profits.
Substituting a substitute currency
2008
Abstract This study evaluates the dynamics between the dollar and euro balances in the Estonian economy. The focus is to apply the traditional currency substitution model to the substitution of the substitute currency, the dollar and euro-related foreign currency balances. We find substitution between the dollar and the euro to be asymmetric in the short run. Inertia, irreversibility and ratchet effects favoured the use of the euro as a substitute currency. No significant evidence of asymmetries in the long run was detected. However, in general, a traditional model for currency substitution was capable of explaining the dynamics of the euro and the dollar as substitute foreign currencies.
Is external debt sustainable? A probabilistic approach
2020
Abstract We develop a probabilistic approach to measure a country's external debt sustainability. Using data on international investment position and balance of payments from the International Monetary Fund, we estimate a vector autoregressive model for 38 countries (11 developed and 27 developing). Using the estimated parameters, we perform a Monte Carlo simulation to compute the distribution of the capacity to repay for each country. A large portion of the projected distribution to the right of current debt is a warning indicator, signalling the need for devaluation. We provide simulations for each country. One scenario is where the discount factor is lower than 1. According to the litera…