Search results for "Development"
showing 10 items of 26949 documents
Competition, Gender Equality, and Doping in Sports in the Red Queen Effect Perspective
2022
The nature of sports is characterized by a strong competitive component that generates inequalities among athletes at different levels, specifically in relation to gender, technology, and doping. These inequalities can be represented according to the Red Queen effect perspective, which has been previously hypothesized in other competitive environments (evolutionary biology and economics, for instance). The Red Queen effect considers each competitive environment to require a constant effort to maintain a position of competitive advantage in order reach the best result possible. Therefore, the aim of the current paper is to provide an innovative perspective for the understanding of competitio…
Performance-based tests versus behavioral ratings in the assessment of executive functioning in preschoolers: associations with ADHD symptoms and rea…
2015
The early assessment of the executive processes using ecologically valid instruments is essential for identifying deficits and planning actions to deal with possible adverse consequences. The present study has two different objectives. The first objective is to analyze the relationship between preschoolers' performance on tests of Working Memory and Inhibition and parents' and teachers' ratings of these executive functions (EFs) using the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF). The second objective consists of studying the predictive value of the different EF measures (performance-based test and rating scales) on Inattention and Hyperactivity/Impulsivity behaviors and on in…
Intuitive parenting performance - the embodied encounter with Art
2009
Intersubjectivity experiences established between adults and infants are partially determined by the particular ways in which adults are active in front of babies. An important amount of research focuses on the “musicality” of infant-directed speech (well-defined melodic contours, tonal and rhythm variations, etc.) and its role in linguistic enculturation. However, more recently, researchers have suggested that adults bring also a multimedia performance to infants. According to this, some scholars seem to find in that multimedia stimulation indicators of the genesis of the performing arts (as music and dance). In spite of these speculations, the way in which the parental performance is rela…
Unpacking the link between family socioeconomic status and civic engagement during the transition to adulthood: Do work values play a role?
2017
We investigated whether the link between family-of-origin socioeconomic status (SES) and civic engagement in young adulthood is mediated by youth’s work values, i.e., the desired characteristics of their current or future jobs. We used data from a Finnish study: 2004 (age 16–18, NT1 = 1,301); 2011 (age 23–25, N T2 = 1,096); and 2014 (age 25–27, NT3 = 1,138). A lower family SES in 2004 was negatively related to youth’s civic engagement in 2014. Lower family SES predicted the importance that youth attached to extrinsic job rewards (e.g., good pay) in 2011, but not the importance of intrinsic job rewards (e.g., learning opportunities). Extrinsic work values, in turn, predicted lower civic enga…
Environmental Enrichment During Adolescence Mitigates Cognitive Deficits and Alcohol Vulnerability due to Continuous and Intermittent Perinatal Alcoh…
2020
Perinatal alcohol exposure affects ontogenic neurodevelopment, causing physical and functional long-term abnormalities with limited treatment options. This study investigated long-term consequences of continuous and intermittent maternal alcohol drinking on behavioral readouts of cognitive function and alcohol vulnerability in the offspring. The effects of environmental enrichment (EE) during adolescence were also evaluated. Female rats underwent continuous alcohol drinking (CAD)—or intermittent alcohol drinking paradigm (IAD), along pregestation, gestation, and lactation periods—equivalent to the whole gestational period in humans. Male offspring were reared in standard conditions or EE un…
The Peripheri-City of the Inner Areas: Local Development in the Sicani Territory
2018
The inner peripheries are now subject to territorial and social metamorphosis in the sense that they are returning to be attractive places for younger generations through the rediscovery of the potential that they offer in terms of esources and propensity to change. Characterised by an ev-ergrowing number of bottom-up innovation experiences of both traditional crafts and agricultural production, and with abandoned sites in social and cultural places having been recovered, thus allowing the rediscovery the sense of sharing and conviviality typical of these places in the past to be rediscovered, these sites presently need to be discussed, described, and thought of in a new way. The experience…
Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors and Atherosclerosis
2011
The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) represent the family of 3 nuclear receptor isoforms-PPARα, -γ, and -δ/β, which are encoded by different genes. As lipid sensors, they are primarily involved in regulation of lipid metabolism and subsequently in inflammation and atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis considers accumulation of the cells and extracellular matrix in the vessel wall leading to the formation of atherosclerotic plaque, atherothrombosis, and other vascular complications. Besides existence of natural ligands for PPARs, their more potent synthetic ligands are fibrates and thiazolidindiones. Future investigations should now focus on the mechanisms of PPARs activation, …
Gender differences in theory-based predictors of physical activity in university students with disabilities
2021
Abstract University students with disabilities engage in physical activity to a lesser extent than their able-bodied peers, with women reporting less physical activity than men. The present study aimed to examine gender differences in theory-based predictors of physical activity in this population. Spanish university students with different disabilities (n = 1076) completed measures of the Theory of Planned Behaviour constructs and the reduced Spanish version of the Barriers to Physical Activity Questionnaire for People with Mobility Impairments. Self-efficacy and controllability were significantly lower in women and gender differences on the barriers predicting controllability were obtaine…
Paths from socioemotional behavior in middle childhood to personality in middle adulthood.
2012
Continuity in individual differences from socioemotional behavior in middle childhood to personality characteristics in middle adulthood was examined on the assumption that they share certain temperament-related elements. Socioemotional characteristics were measured using teacher ratings at ages 8 (N = 369; 53% males) and 14 (95% of the initial sample). Personality was assessed at age 42 (63% of the initial sample; 50% males) using a shortened version of the NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI); the Karolinska Scales of Personality (KSP); and the Adult Temperament Questionnaire (ATQ). Three models were tested using structural equation modeling. The results confirmed paths (a) from behavioral …
Prymat Papieża
2015
Problematyka teologicznego uzasadnienia urzędu papieskiego obejmuje tradycyjnie trzy pytania: Czy Jezus w osobie Piotra założył urząd uniwersalnej jedności Kościoła (petrinitas)? Czy istnieje sukcesja tego urzędu począwszy od Piotra po dzień dzisiejszy (perpetuitas)? Wjaki sposób urząd Piotra wiąże się z Rzymem jako miejscem jego sprawowania (romanitas)? W artykule przedstawiono nowe koncepcje teologiczne dotyczące prymatu papieża, biorąc pod uwagę obraz Piotra w Nowym Testamencie oraz proces rozwoju urzędu papieskiego w postaci prymatu biskupa Rzymu. Wostatniej części przedłożenia nakreślono perspektywę ekumeniczną, rozpatrywaną na tle teologicznych i magisterialnych wypowiedzi na temat ro…