Search results for "Diabetes complications"

Electrophysiologic evaluation of phrenic nerve and diaphragm function after coronary bypass surgery: Prospective study of diabetes and other risk fac…

2006

Objective Phrenic neuropathy after coronary artery bypass grafting has been related to various risk factors with conflicting results. The aim of this study was to assess the incidence, characteristics, and clinical consequences of phrenic neuropathy and the influence of diabetes and other risk factors. Methods We conducted an observational, prospective study of parallel groups including 94 consecutive patients subjected to coronary artery bypass grafting, half of them with diabetes and associated polyneuropathy . Electrophysiologic study of phrenic nerve conduction as the reference method, chest radiography, diaphragm ultrasound, and functional respiratory tests were performed 24 to 48 hour…

Priming with a Combination of Proangiogenic Growth Factors Enhances Wound Healing in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes in Mice

2010

<i>Background:</i> Numerous proangiogenic growth factors have been shown to improve impaired wound healing. This study evaluated the effects of subcutaneous pretreatment with a combination of proangiogenic growth factors on wound closure, mechanical properties, vessel density, and morphology. <i>Methods:</i> Thirty-six Balb/c mice with streptozotocin-induced diabetes were divided into 3 groups. A mixture of VEGF (35.0 µg), bFGF (2.5 µg), and PDGF (3.5 µg) was administered subcutaneously 3, 5, and 7 days prior to wounding in the first group, whereas the second group received three doses of 3.5 µg PDGF. Wound sizes were assessed daily and the repaired tissues were harv…

Receptor for advanced glycation end products is subjected to protein ectodomain shedding by metalloproteinases.

2008

The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is a 55-kDa type I membrane glycoprotein of the immunoglobulin superfamily. Ligand-induced up-regulation of RAGE is involved in various pathophysiological processes, including late diabetic complications and Alzheimer disease. Application of recombinant soluble RAGE has been shown to block RAGE-mediated pathophysiological conditions. After expression of full-length RAGE in HEK cells we identified a 48-kDa soluble RAGE form (sRAGE) in the culture medium. This variant of RAGE is smaller than a 51-kDa soluble version derived from alternative splicing. The release of sRAGE can be induced by the phorbol ester PMA and the calcium ionophore c…

The role of lactate besides the lactic acidosis

2013

Lactic acidosis (LA) is the most common form of metabolic acidosis defined by values of lactate greater than 5 mmol / l and by a pH <7.34. The pathogenesis of LA involves hypoxic (type A) and non hypoxic (type B) causes which are often coexisting. Lactic acidosis is usual in hospitalized population especially in subjects in intensive care units, in which lactate levels on admission could be predictors of mortality even in the absence of organ dysfunction or shock. The outcome is mainly dependent on the cardiovascular effects of acidosis. In subjects with cardiogenic shock, the increased lactate/pyruvate ratio, detectable at onset, is correladed with mortality. An early assessment of blood a…

Diabetes mellitus: oxidative stress and wine.

2003

This review focuses on the link between diabetes mellitus and oxidative stress and, in particular, on the role that moderate wine consumption may play in preventing diabetic complications and the onset of diabetes. With this aim, a search of PubMed was carried out for literature published up to March 2003. In diabetes mellitus, oxidative stress results both from exposure to hyperglycaemia through glycoxidation and sorbitol system activation, and from functional limitation of the hexose monophosphate shunt, leading to a decrease in glutathione synthesis. Oxidative stress alters the plasma lipoprotein profile (particularly low-density lipoproteins), the coagulative parameters (with an increas…

Relationship between the oral cavity and cardiovascular diseases and metabolic syndrome

2013

The components of the human body are closely interdependent; as a result, disease conditions in some organs or components can influence the development of disease in other body locations. The effect of oral health upon health in general has been investigated for decades by many epidemiological studies. In this context, there appears to be a clear relationship between deficient oral hygiene and different systemic disorders such as cardiovascular disease and metabolic syndrome. The precise relationship between them is the subject of ongoing research, and a variety of theories have been proposed, though most of them postulate the mediation of an inflammatory response. This association between …

Diabetes and the COVID-19 Pandemic: How Insights from Recent Experience Might Guide Future Management

2020

High performance liquid chromatography analysis of tear protein patterns in diabetic and non-diabetic dry-eye patients.

2001

To analyze and compare the high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) runs of tear proteins from diabetic (DIDRY) and non-diabetic (DRY) dry-eye patients, and healthy subjects (CTRL). The patterns were analyzed using multivariate statistical methods.Tears (total 56 eyes: CTRL: n=16, DIDRY: n=21, and DRY: n=19) were analyzed by HPLC, using a size-exclusion column with an eluent of 0.5 M sodium phosphate buffer. The patients were primarily grouped according to the results of the basic secretory test (BST) in combination with subjective symptoms such as burning, foreign body sensations, tearing, and "dryness" of the eyes. Patients with BST valuesor = 10 mm/5 min plus two subjective symptoms…

Fluocinolone acetonide vitreous insert for chronic diabetic macular oedema: a systematic review with meta-analysis of real-world experience

2021

AbstractWe conducted a meta-analysis of real-world studies on the 0.19 mg Fluocinolone Acetonide (FAc) intravitreal implant for chronic diabetic macular oedema (DMO), comparing these findings with the Fluocinolone Acetonide for Diabetic Macular Edema (FAME) study. The primary outcome was mean change of best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at 24 months. Secondary outcomes were 36-month mean BCVA, mean central macular thickness (CMT) change, rates of eyes receiving supplementary intravitreal therapy, cataract surgery, intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering drops and glaucoma surgery. Mean differences (MDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Nine real-world studies were included.…

Periodontal disease and diabetes : review of the literature

2010

Aims: To provide updated knowledge on the relationship between periodontal disease and diabetes from an oral health perspective. Methods: A review of the English-language literature was performed, gathering articles on the two diseases published over the past 10 years. Results: Both diseases result from the confluence of various triggering and modifying factors, and there are inter-individual differences in the risk of their development. Recent research has shown that diabetes may increase the risk of periodontitis, and it has been proposed that chronic periodontal disease may influence the natural course of diabetes. There appears to be an association among oral infections, impaired sugar …