Search results for "Diaphyses"
showing 4 items of 4 documents
Three-dimensional distribution of trabecular bone density and cortical thickness in the distal humerus
2008
One major barrier to osteosynthesis in distal humeral fractures is poor bone quality. This study was an attempt to measure the bone quality in the distal humerus.We measured the distribution of total bone mineral density (BMD), trabecular BMD (tBMD), and cortical thickness (CTh) in the distal humerus using peripheral quantitive computed tomography. Four slices in the infracondylar, supracondylar, and distal disphyseal regions of 25 human cadaver humeri were investigated.Total BMD decreased continuously from the distal diaphysis to the trochlea. Within the infracondylar region, the capitellum was the region of lowest tBMD and CTh (P.001). Measurements in anterior regions were higher than in …
Do bone geometric properties of the proximal femoral diaphysis reflect loading history, muscle properties, or body dimensions?
2019
Abstract Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate activity‐induced effects from bone geometric properties of the proximal femur in athletic vs nonathletic healthy females by statistically controlling for variation in body size, lower limb isometric, and dynamic muscle strength, and cross‐sectional area of Musculus gluteus maximus. Methods: The material consists of hip and proximal thigh magnetic resonance images of Finnish female athletes (N = 91) engaged in either high jump, triple jump, soccer, squash, powerlifting, endurance running or swimming, and a group of physically active nonathletic women (N = 20). Cross‐sectional bone geometric properties were calculated for the lesse…
Differential Effects of Exercise on Tibial Shaft Marrow Density in Young Female Athletes
2013
Increased mechanical loading can promote the preferential differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to osteoblastogenesis, but it is not known whether long-term bone strength-enhancing exercise in humans can reduce marrow adiposity.Our objective was to examine whether bone marrow density (MaD), as an estimate of marrow adiposity 1) differs between young female athletes with contrasting loading histories and bone strengths and 2) is an independent predictor of bone strength at the weight-bearing tibia.Mid-tibial MaD, cortical area (CoA), total area, medullary area, strength strain index (SSI), and cortical volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) (total, endocortical, midcortical, …
Influence of long-term postmenopausal hormone-replacement therapy on estimated structural bone strength: A study in discordant monozygotic twins
2010
Although postmenopausal hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) is known to prevent fractures, knowledge on the influence of long-term HRT on bone strength and its determinants other than areal bone mineral density is scarce. This study used a genetically controlled design with 24 monozygotic female twin pairs aged 54 to 72 years in which one cotwin was using HRT (mean duration 8 years) and the other had never used HRT. Estimated bone strength, cross-sectional area, volumetric bone mineral density, bone mineral mass, and cross-sectional density and mass distributions were assessed in the tibial shaft, distal tibia, and distal radius with peripheral computed tomography (pQCT). In the tibial shaft,…