Search results for "Diazepam"

showing 10 items of 50 documents

Effects of 8-OH-DPAT on open field performance of young and aged rats prenatally exposed to diazepam: a tool to rveal 5-HT1a receptor function

2003

Central GABAergic and serotoninergic systems interact with one another and are implicated in controlling different behaviours. A gentle early long-lasting handling can prevent the deficits in locomotion and exploration in open field (O.F.) in 3-month-old male rats prenatally exposed to diazepam (DZ). Purpose of this study was to extend the research to older handled rats prenatally exposed to DZ and to assess the activity of 5-HT1A receptors (Rs), evaluating the performance in O.F. at 3 and 18 months of age following 8-OH-DPAT administration. A single daily s.c. injection of DZ (1.5 mg/kg) from gestation day 14 to gestation day 20 induced in aged, but not in young rats, a decrease in total d…

Open field testAging8-OH-DPATLong-lasting handlingSettore BIO/14 - FarmacologiaRatPrenatal diazepam
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Kavapyrone enriched extract fromPiper methysticum as modulator of the GABA binding site in different regions of rat brain

1994

Regional differences in the modulation of [3H] muscimol binding to GABAA receptor complexes by kavapyrones, compounds of the rhizome of the plant Piper methysticum which possess sedative activity, were demonstrated using membrane fractions obtained from target brain centers of kavapyrone action: hippocampus (HIP), amygdala (AMY) and medulla oblongata (MED), and from brain centers outside the main kavapyrone effects as frontal cortex (FC) and cerebellum (CER). The kava extract enhanced the binding of [3H] muscimol in a concentration-dependent manner with maximal potentiation of 358% over control in HIP followed by AMY and MED (main target brain centers). Minimal stimulation was observed in C…

OvariectomyStimulationIn Vitro TechniquesPharmacologyBiologyBinding CompetitiveRats Sprague-Dawleychemistry.chemical_compoundReceptors GABAmedicineAnimalsBinding siteKavainReceptorPentobarbitalBrain ChemistryPharmacologyDiazepamPlants MedicinalMuscimolPlant ExtractsGABAA receptorLong-term potentiationRatsnervous systemMechanism of actionMuscimolchemistryPyronesFemaleSteroidsmedicine.symptomNeurosciencePsychopharmacology
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An ethological analysis of the effects of diazepam and nitrazepam on the responses of female mice to anosmic males encountered in a novel arena

1992

The effects of acutely administered benzodiazepines have largely been validated in male animals, in spite of the fact that the majority of anti-anxiety drugs are prescribed for female patients. A study was carried out assessing the potential of female mice in the testing of the anxiolytic properties of drugs. Three doses (0.5, 1.0 and 2.0mg/kg) of the benzodiazepines diazepam and nitrazepam were given to individually-housed female Swiss mice before dyadic encounters with anosmic, group-housed males. Videotape analysis of the encounters, using an ethopharmacological technique, revealed suppressive effects of diazepam (1.0 and 2.0mg/kg) and nitrazepam (all doses) on avoidance/flee, confirming…

PharmacologyPsychiatry and Mental healthNitrazepammedicine.drug_classSedationFemale patientmedicinemedicine.symptomPharmacologyPsychologyAnxiolyticDiazepammedicine.drugBehavioural Pharmacology
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Corrigendum to “Effects of 8-OH-DPAT on open field performance of young and aged rats prenatally exposed to diazepam: a tool to reveal 5-HT1A recepto…

2003

Pharmacologymedicine.medical_specialtybusiness.industry8-OH-DPATOpen fieldPsychiatry and Mental healthchemistry.chemical_compoundEndocrinologyNeurologychemistryInternal medicineAnesthesiamedicine5-HT1A receptorPharmacology (medical)Neurology (clinical)businessDiazepamBiological Psychiatrymedicine.drugEuropean Neuropsychopharmacology
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Influence of carbenoxolone on the anticonvulsant efficacy of conventional antiepileptic drugs against audiogenic seizures in DBA/2 mice

2004

Carbenoxolone, the succinyl ester of glycyrrhetinic acid, is an inhibitor of 11beta-hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase and gap junctional intercellular communication. It is currently used in clinical treatment of ulcer diseases. Systemic administration of carbenoxolone (1-40 mg/kg, intraperitoneally (i.p.)) was able to produce a dose-dependent decrease in DBA/2 audiogenic seizure severity score. Glycyrrhizin, an analogue of carbenoxolone inactive at the gap-junction level, was unable to affect audiogenic seizures at doses up to 30 mg/kg. In combination with conventional antiepileptic drugs, carbenoxolone, 0.5 mg/kg, i.p., which per se did not significantly affect the occurrence of audiogenic sei…

PhenytoinAudiogenic seizureGap junctionmedicine.medical_treatmentCarbenoxoloneMotor ActivityLamotriginePharmacologyEpilepsy ReflexFelbamateMicemedicineAnimalsAnticonvulsant potencyPharmacologyValproateEpilepsybusiness.industryDrug SynergismCarbamazepineFelbamateCarbamazepineAnticonvulsantAcoustic StimulationMice Inbred DBAPhenytoinDBA/2CarbenoxoloneAnticonvulsantsPhenobarbitalbusinessDiazepamAntiepileptic drugmedicine.drug
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Quality control Fourier transform infrared determination of diazepam in pharmaceuticals

2007

A quality control procedure has been developed for the determination of diazepam in pharmaceuticals using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The method involves the off-line extraction of diazepam with chloroform by sonication and direct determination in the extracts through peak area measurement in the interval between 1672 and 1682 cm(-1) using a baseline correction defined between 1850 and 1524 cm(-1). For standardization it was used an external calibration line established from standard solutions of diazepam in chloroform. The method provides a limit of detection of 0.04 mg per tablet (n=5), a relative standard deviation (R.S.D.) of 0.5% for 5 independent measurements of a …

Quality ControlClinical BiochemistryAnalytical chemistryPharmaceutical ScienceInfrared spectroscopyStandard solutionAnalytical Chemistrysymbols.namesakechemistry.chemical_compoundSpectrophotometrySpectroscopy Fourier Transform InfraredDrug DiscoveryCalibrationmedicineFourier transform infrared spectroscopySpectroscopyDetection limitDiazepamChromatographyChloroformmedicine.diagnostic_testChemistryReference StandardsFourier transformAnti-Anxiety AgentsPharmaceutical PreparationsCalibrationsymbolsSpectrophotometry UltravioletTabletsJournal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis
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Effects of Different Anxiety Levels on the Behavioral Patternings Investigated through T-pattern Analysis in Wistar Rats Tested in the Hole-Board App…

2021

The Hole-Board is an ethologically based tool for investigating the anxiety-related behavior of rats following manipulation of the central anxiety level. The present paper aims to assess behavioral patterning following pharmacological manipulation of emotional assets in Wistar rats tested in this experimental apparatus. For this purpose, the behavior of three groups of rats injected with saline, diazepam or FG7142 was evaluated using conventional quantitative and multivariate Tpattern analyses. The results demonstrate that quantitative analyses of individual components of the behavior, disjointed from the comprehensive behavioral structure, are of narrow utility in the understanding of the …

medicine.medical_specialtyAnxiety disorders -- Physiological aspectsPattern analysisNeurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryBehavioral assessmentTranquilizing drugsAudiologyT-pattern analysisSettore BIO/09 - FisiologiaArticleHead-Dip03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinemedicinediazepamHole-BoardAnxiety levelDiazepamGeneral NeuroscienceEdge-SniffAnimal models in researchFG7142030227 psychiatryAnxietymedicine.symptomPsychologyDiazepam030217 neurology & neurosurgeryRC321-571medicine.drugBrain Sciences
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Behavioural responsiveness to picrotoxin and desipramine in adult rats prenatally exposed to different benzodiazepine receptor agonists

1995

The behavioural responsiveness to picrotoxin and desipramine was investigated in adult rats prenatally exposed to different benzodiazepine receptor agonists such as diazepam, alprazolam and zolpidem. Prenatal exposure to diazepam and alprazolam similarly potentiated the anti-immobility effect on the forced swimming test and the inhibitory effect on spontaneous motor activity of picrotoxin and desipramine and increased the seizure sensitivity to picrotoxin. Prenatal zolpidem seems to be ineffective. These data suggest that, despite the differences in their pharmacodynamic profile, prenatal exposure to diazepam and alprazolam, but not zolpidem, may have similar permanent consequences on the b…

medicine.medical_specialtyZolpidemmedicine.drug_classPharmacologychemistry.chemical_compoundInternal medicineDesipraminemedicinePharmacology (medical)Biological PsychiatryPharmacologyBenzodiazepineGABAA receptorbusiness.industrymusculoskeletal neural and ocular physiologyPsychiatry and Mental healthEndocrinologynervous systemNeurologychemistryAlprazolamNeurology (clinical)businessDiazepamPicrotoxinBehavioural despair testmedicine.drugEuropean Neuropsychopharmacology
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Prenatal exposure to diazepam and alprazolam, but not to zolpidem, affects behavioural stress reactivity in handling-naïve and handling-habituated ad…

2002

A gentle long-lasting handling produces persistent neurochemical and behavioural changes and attenuates the impairment in the behavioural reactivity to novelty induced by the prenatal exposure to diazepam (DZ) in adult male rat progeny. This study investigated the consequences of a late prenatal treatment with three GABA/BDZ R agonists (DZ) alprazolam (ALP) and zolpidem (ZOLP)), on different stress-related behavioural patterns, in non-handled (NH), short-lasting handled (SLH) and long-lasting handled (LLH) adult male rats exposed to forced swim test (FST), acoustic startle reflex (ASR) and Vogel test (VT). The effects on motor activity were evaluated in the open field and in the Skinner box…

prenatal treatment; BDZ R agonist; handling; stress-related behaviorMaleReflex StartlePyridinesprenatal exposureConvulsantsOpen fieldchemistry.chemical_compoundPregnancyPicrotoxinstress-related behaviorHabituationBenzodiazepineBehavior AnimalGeneral Neurosciencestress behaviourAge FactorsAlprazolamPrenatal Exposure Delayed EffectsFemalePsychologyhandlingmedicine.drugmedicine.medical_specialtyZolpidemmedicine.drug_classprenatal treatmentHandling PsychologicalBDZ R agonistStress PhysiologicalInternal medicineReflexmedicineAnimalsRats WistarHabituation PsychophysiologicMolecular BiologyGABA AgonistsSwimmingBenzodiazepineDiazepamAlprazolamRatsZolpidemEndocrinologychemistryAnti-Anxiety AgentsSettore BIO/14 - FarmacologiaExploratory BehaviorRatNeurology (clinical)DiazepamDevelopmental BiologyBehavioural despair testPicrotoxinBrain research
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Functional study of GABA-A receptors located on noradrenergic nerve endings in the rat hippocampus following prenatal exposure to diazepam

2001

ratsHippocampuSettore BIO/14 - Farmacologiadiazepam
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