Search results for "Difference"

Weakening of annual temperature cycle over the Tibetan Plateau since the 1870s

2017

The annual cycle of extra-tropical surface air temperature is an important component of the Earth's climate system. Over the past decades, a reduced amplitude of this mode has been observed in some regions. Although attributed to anthropogenic forcing, it remains unclear when dampening of the annual cycle started. Here we use a residual series of tree-ring width and maximum latewood density from the Tibetan Plateau >4,000 m asl to reconstruct changes in temperature seasonality over the past three centuries. The new proxy evidence suggests that the onset of a decrease in summer-to-winter temperature difference over the Tibetan Plateau occurred in the 1870s. Our results imply that the influen…

Efficient High-Order Iterative Methods for Solving Nonlinear Systems and Their Application on Heat Conduction Problems

2017

[EN] For solving nonlinear systems of big size, such as those obtained by applying finite differences for approximating the solution of diffusion problem and heat conduction equations, three-step iterative methods with eighth-order local convergence are presented. The computational efficiency of the new methods is compared with those of some known ones, obtaining good conclusions, due to the particular structure of the iterative expression of the proposed methods. Numerical comparisons are made with the same existing methods, on standard nonlinear systems and a nonlinear one-dimensional heat conduction equation by transforming it in a nonlinear system by using finite differences. From these…

What should i do and who's to blame?

2022

The COVID-19 crisis has had a major impact on youth. This study examined factors associated with youth’s attitudes towards their government’s response to the pandemic and their blaming of individuals from certain risk groups, ethnic backgrounds, and countries or regions. In a sample of 5,682 young adults (Mage = 22) from 14 countries, lower perceived burden due to COVID-19, more collectivistic and less individualistic values, and more empathy were associated with more positive attitudes towards the government and less blaming of individuals of certain groups. Youth’s social identification with others in the pandemic mediated these associations in the same direction, apart from the COVID-19 …

PISA 2000 results of reading literacy in Finland

2005

Association between climate and new daily diagnoses of COVID-19

2020

AbstractBackgroundAlthough evidence is accumulating that climate conditions may positively or negatively influence the scale of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreaks, uncertainty remains concerning the real impact of climate factors on viral transmission. Methods. The number of new daily cases of COVID-19 diagnosed in Verona (Italy) was retrieved from the official website of Veneto Region, while information on daily weather parameters in the same area was downloaded from IlMeteo website, a renowned Italian technological company specialized in weather forecasts. The search period ranged between March 1 to November 11, 2020. The number of new daily COVID-19 cases and meteorological da…

The Age-Participation Relationship Revised: Focus on Older Adults

1998

This study aims to increase our understanding of how the negative influence of age on participation comes about. The framework used emphasizes human life complexity and human agency in behavior and decision-making. Accordingly, main effects and multiple interaction effects of age and some education and work-related factors on participation were examined. The results show that when the interaction effects are taken into account, the age-participation relationship becomes more complex than previously found in studies focusing only on main effects. It is suggested that research on participation utilize the more advanced options available in multivariate statistics and thus aim at better compa…

Comparison of differences in resolution and sources of controlling factors for gully erosion susceptibility mapping

2018

Abstract Gully erosion has been identified as an important soil degradation process and sediment source, especially in arid and semiarid areas. Thus, it is useful to identify the spatial occurrence of this form of water erosion in the landscape and the most vulnerable areas. In this study, we explored the effects of different pixel sizes on some controlling factors extracted from a digital elevation model and remote sensing data when producing a gully erosion susceptibility map (GESM) of Ekbatan Dam Basin, Hamadan, Iran. An inventory map of the gully landforms was prepared based on global positioning system routes of the gullies, extensive field surveys, and visual interpretations of satell…

The development of rhythm at the age of 6–11 years: non-pitch rhythmic improvisation

2006

In the statistical and transcriptional analyses reported in this exploratory study, original rhythms of 6–11-year-old children (N = 36) were examined. The hypotheses were based on a new model of musical development, and tested empirically using non-pitch rhythmic improvisation in a MIDI-environment. Several representational types were found in cluster analysis. The types are comparable to those found in earlier studies of rhythm. A dimensional conflict appeared between grouping and metre, and was solved in the last substage (10–11 years). Age was found to be a significant factor in the development of the hierarchy of form, the amount of different rhythm patterns, the metrical hierarchy, as …

Orofacial muscles activity in children with swallowing dysfunction and removable functional appliances

2019

Swallowing dysfunction is a frequent disorder among children and refers to an altered tongue posture and abnormal tongue movement during swallowing. Removable functional appliance is one of the treatments applied by dentistry to correct this disorder. The aim of this study was to evaluate any differences on orofacial muscles activity in children with swallowing dysfunction with and without removable functional appliances. 68 children were eligible for the study and divided into the orthodontic group (OG) and the no-orthodontic group (NO-OG). Both groups performed a dental occlusion-class evaluation, a swallowing function test and a myoscan analysis in order to measure perioral forces (i.e. …

Estudio crítico de los índices de severidad y la superficie afectada por el incendio de Sierra de Luna (Zaragoza)

2017

[EN] To determine the area burned by fire and its associated severity related to this forest fire taken place in Sierra de Luna (Zaragoza), on July 4th, 2015, three spectral indices derived from Landsat-8 imagery have been calculated: NDVI, NBR and BAI. Comparing the results obtained from each of them, in a wildland fire with extensive crop areas surrounded by forested areas, it has been demonstrated that combination of ΔNBR and BAI substantially improves the calculation of the burned area, concerning both in its external perimeter and in the unburned zones inside of the perimeter. For severity calculation is proposed a new methodology based on before and after NBR differences and its BAI c…