Search results for "Direct method"

showing 10 items of 51 documents

Evaluation of a digital radiography to estimate working length

1997

The working lengths obtained with different methods in single-rooted teeth were compared. An endodontic rule in millimeters and calipers was used as a direct method of measurement (on endodontic files). As indirect methods, measurements were taken from conventional x-rays with calipers and with a digital radiological measurement system. No statistically significant differences were obtained between the direct and indirect methods. Three vertical angulations were taken for the indirect methods (0 degree, 15 degrees, and 30 degrees). No significant differences were found between results for the two indirect methods versus the standard method except for the 30 degrees angulation, which resulte…

Observer Variationbusiness.industryDirect methodDentistryRadiography Dental DigitalStatistics NonparametricRoot Canal TherapyIncisorStatistical significanceEndodontic filesOdontometryMedicineCalipersDental Pulp CavityTooth RootbusinessGeneral DentistryDigital radiographyJournal of Endodontics
researchProduct

A passive sampling-based analytical strategy for the determination of volatile organic compounds in the air of working areas.

2010

Abstract An analytical methodology based on the use of a polyethylene layflat tube filled with activated carbon and Florisil (ACFL-VERAM) was employed for the passive sampling of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the air of working areas of packing industries. VOCs amount in the ACFL-VERAM sampler was directly determined through head-space-gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (HS-GC–MS) allowing a direct determination in only 20 min without the need of any previous treatment. Uptake parameters, like sampling rate ( R S ) and sampler–air partition coefficient ( K SA ), were determined for every studied VOC from adsorption isotherm data. Additionally, experimental equations have been propo…

OctanolAnalytical chemistryAir Pollutants OccupationalMass spectrometryBiochemistryGas Chromatography-Mass SpectrometryAnalytical Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundLimit of DetectionmedicineEnvironmental ChemistryIndustryVolatile organic compoundSpectroscopychemistry.chemical_classificationVolatile Organic CompoundsChromatographyDirect methodAirPolyethylenePartition coefficientchemistryGas chromatographyAdsorptionVolatilizationActivated carbonmedicine.drugEnvironmental MonitoringAnalytica chimica acta
researchProduct

Earthquake Excited Base-Isolated Structures Protected by Tuned Liquid Column Dampers: Design Approach and Experimental Verification

2017

Abstract In this contribution a direct approach for optimal design of a Tuned Liquid Column Damper (TLCD) device attached to the base slab of a base-isolated structure is presented, aiming at reducing the seismic displacement demand of the base-isolation subsystem. Assuming white noise base excitation, for a wide parameter range a direct optimization procedure yields design charts for optimal TLCD quantities. The performance of the base-isolated structure equipped with optimally tuned TLCD device in comparison to the simple base-isolated one is evaluated both numerically and experimentally. In a numerical study the system is subjected to the 44 records of the FEMA P-695 far-field ground mot…

Optimal designBase-isolationOptimal designEngineeringbusiness.industryDirect methodBase (geometry)020101 civil engineering02 engineering and technologyGeneral MedicineWhite noiseStructural engineering0201 civil engineeringDamperShear (sheet metal)020303 mechanical engineering & transports0203 mechanical engineeringRange (statistics)SlabHybrid passive controlTLCDbusinessSettore ICAR/08 - Scienza Delle Costruzioni
researchProduct

Optimal design of tuned liquid column dampers for seismic response control of base-isolated structures

2017

In this paper, the use of a tuned liquid column damper (TLCD) as a cost-effective means to control the seismic response of a base-isolated structure is studied. A straightforward direct approach for the optimal design of such a device is proposed, considering a white noise model of the base excitation. On this base, a direct optimization procedure of the TLCD design parameters is performed and optimal design charts are presented as a ready-to-use practical design tool. Comparison with the optimal parameters obtained considering a classical iterative statistical linearization technique proves the reliability of the proposed approach. The performance of the base-isolated TLCD-controlled struc…

Optimal designTuned Liquid Column DamperComputer scienceReliability (computer networking)Direct methodMechanical EngineeringDesign toolComputational Mechanics020101 civil engineering02 engineering and technologyWhite noiseBase (topology)0201 civil engineeringDamper020303 mechanical engineering & transports0203 mechanical engineeringControl theorySolid mechanicsSettore ICAR/08 - Scienza Delle CostruzioniBase isoltation
researchProduct

Comparison of Numerical Methods in the Contrast Imaging Problem in NMR

2013

International audience; In this article, the contrast imaging problem in nuclear magnetic resonance is modeled as a Mayer problem in optimal control. A first synthesis of locally optimal solutions is given in the single-input case using geometric methods based on Pontryagin's maximum principle. We then compare these results using direct methods and a moment-based approach, and make a first step towards global optimality. Finally, some preliminary results are given in the bi-input case.

Optimization[ MATH.MATH-OC ] Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC]0209 industrial biotechnologyMathematical optimization010103 numerical & computational mathematics02 engineering and technologyContrast imaging01 natural sciencesNuclear magnetic resonanceMagnetic resonance imaging020901 industrial engineering & automationSoftwareMaximum principleApplied mathematics0101 mathematicsGeometric programmingMathematicsbusiness.industryNumerical analysis[MATH.MATH-OC] Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC]VectorsOptimal controlOptimal controlCalcul parallèle distribué et partagéMoment (mathematics)Direct methods[MATH.MATH-OC]Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC]businessSoftware
researchProduct

Charoite, as an example of a structure with natural nanotubes

2012

Charoite from the Murun massif in Yakutiya, Russia (Vorob’ev 2008) was investigated using automated electron diffraction tomography (ADT) (Kolb et al. 2007, 2008; Mugnaioli et al. 2010) and precession electron diffraction (PED) (Mugnaioli et al. 2010, 2009), which allowed to determine the structure of charoite for the first time. The structure was solved ab initio in space group P21/m by direct methods using a fully kinematic approach. The least squares refinements with 2878 reflections F(hkl) >4s F converged to unweighted/weighted residuals R 1/wR 2 • 0.173/0.21 (Rozhdestvenskaya et al. 2010).

PhysicsBoron Nitride; Mirror Plane; Potassium Atom; Apical Oxygen; Kinematic ApproachApical OxygenAnalytical chemistryStructure (category theory)Ab initioengineering.materialLeast squaresPotassium AtomElectron diffractionCharoiteDirect methodsengineeringPrecession electron diffractionBoron NitrideKinematic ApproachBoron Nitride Mirror Plane Potassium Atom Apical Oxygen Kinematic ApproachMirror planeMirror Plane
researchProduct

A direct method to find solutions of some type of coupled Korteweg-de Vries equations using hyperelliptic functions of genus two

2008

Abstract We suggest how one can obtain exact solutions of some type of coupled Korteweg–de Vries equations by means of hyperelliptic functions of genus two.

PhysicsPure mathematicsPartial differential equationDirect methodMathematics::Analysis of PDEsGeneral Physics and AstronomyType (model theory)Nonlinear systemMathematics::Algebraic GeometryNonlinear Sciences::Exactly Solvable and Integrable SystemsGenus (mathematics)Nonlinear Sciences::Pattern Formation and SolitonsHyperelliptic curveComputer Science::Databases
researchProduct

A direct approach to Gaussian measurement based quantum computation

2016

In this work we introduce a general scheme for measurement based quantum computation in continuous variables. Our approach does not necessarily rely on the use of ancillary cluster states to achieve its aim, but rather on the detection of a resource state in a suitable mode basis followed by digital post-processing, and involves an optimization of the adjustable experimental parameters. After introducing the general method, we present some examples of application to simple specific computations.

Physics[PHYS]Physics [physics]Quantum PhysicsBasis (linear algebra)ComputationDirect methodGaussianMode (statistics)FOS: Physical sciences01 natural sciences010309 opticssymbols.namesakeSimple (abstract algebra)0103 physical sciencessymbolsState (computer science)Quantum Physics (quant-ph)010306 general physicsAlgorithmQuantum computer
researchProduct

Marginal adaptation of three-unit interim restorations fabricated by the CAD-CA systems and the direct method before and after thermocycling

2020

Background Limited information is available regarding the marginal adaptation of three-unit interim restorations fabricated by different techniques from different materials. Also, the efficacy of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) systems for their fabrication is still questionable. This study aimed to assess the marginal adaptation of three-unit interim restorations fabricated by the CAD-CAM systems and the direct method from different materials before and after thermocycling. Material and Methods A sound mandibular second premolar and a second molar were prepared for a three-unit all-ceramic restoration. Metal dies were fabricated to simulate a case of mandibular…

Prosthetic Dentistrybusiness.industryResearchDirect methodSignificant differenceDental prosthesisDentistryMandibular first molarDental Marginal AdaptationMandibular second molarMandibular second premolarInterimbusinessGeneral DentistryUNESCO:CIENCIAS MÉDICASMathematics
researchProduct

Notions of Dirichlet problem for functions of least gradient in metric measure spaces

2019

We study two notions of Dirichlet problem associated with BV energy minimizers (also called functions of least gradient) in bounded domains in metric measure spaces whose measure is doubling and supports a (1, 1)-Poincaré inequality. Since one of the two notions is not amenable to the direct method of the calculus of variations, we construct, based on an approach of Juutinen and Mazón-Rossi–De León, solutions by considering the Dirichlet problem for p-harmonic functions, p>1, and letting p→1. Tools developed and used in this paper include the inner perimeter measure of a domain. Peer reviewed

Pure mathematicsGeneral MathematicsPoincaré inequalitycodimension 1 Hausdorff measure01 natural sciencesMeasure (mathematics)symbols.namesakeMathematics - Analysis of PDEsMathematics - Metric GeometryFOS: Mathematicsinner trace0101 mathematicsleast gradientMathematicsDirichlet problemDirichlet problemp-harmonicDirect method010102 general mathematicsA domainMetric Geometry (math.MG)perimeterfunction of bounded variationmetric measure spacePoincaré inequalityBounded functionMetric (mathematics)symbolsAnalysis of PDEs (math.AP)
researchProduct