Search results for "Direction"

showing 10 items of 343 documents

Filter Bank: a Directional Approach for Retinal Vessel Segmentation

2017

It is well known that retinal diseases are sometimes identified by tortuosity of the vessels, presence of exudates and hemorrhages while lesions of tissues are associated to diabetic retinopathy, retinopathy of prematurity and more general cerebrovascular problems. One of the main issues in this research field is detecting small curvilinear structures, thus the aim of this contribution is to introduce a non-supervised and automated methodology to detect features such as curvilinear structures in retinal images. The core of the proposed methodology consists in using an approach that resembles the “a trous” wavelet algorithm. With respect to the standard Gabor analysis our methodology is base…

Computer scienceGaussianBiomedical Engineering02 engineering and technologyfundus oculiTortuosity030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundsymbols.namesake0302 clinical medicinedirectional mapArtificial Intelligence0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringmedicineSegmentation1707Health InformaticRetinaSignal processingSettore INF/01 - Informaticabusiness.industryRetinopathy of prematurityRetinalPattern recognitionImage segmentationDiabetic retinopathymedicine.diseaseFilter bankmedicine.anatomical_structureComputer Networks and CommunicationKernel (image processing)chemistryElliptical Gaussian filterSignal Processingsymbols020201 artificial intelligence & image processingretinal vesselArtificial intelligencebusinessRetinopathy
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Adapting hierarchical bidirectional inter prediction on a GPU-based platform for 2D and 3D H.264 video coding

2013

The H.264/AVC video coding standard introduces some improved tools in order to increase compression efficiency. Moreover, the multi-view extension of H.264/AVC, called H.264/MVC, adopts many of them. Among the new features, variable block-size motion estimation is one which contributes to high coding efficiency. Furthermore, it defines a different prediction structure that includes hierarchical bidirectional pictures, outperforming traditional Group of Pictures patterns in both scenarios: single-view and multi-view. However, these video coding techniques have high computational complexity. Several techniques have been proposed in the literature over the last few years which are aimed at acc…

Computer scienceReal-time computingGraphics processing unitComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION020206 networking & telecommunications020207 software engineering02 engineering and technologyData_CODINGANDINFORMATIONTHEORYHierarchical bidirectional picturesScalable Video CodingComputer engineeringMotion estimation0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringH.264/AVCVideo codingEncoderContext-adaptive binary arithmetic codingGroup of picturesContext-adaptive variable-length codingEURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing
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The role of the Access Point in Wi-Fi networks with selfish nodes

2009

In Wi-Fi networks, mobile nodes compete for accessing the shared channel by means of a random access protocol called Distributed Coordination Function (DCF), which is long term fair. But recent drivers allow users to configure protocol parameters differently from their standard values in order to break the protocol fairness and obtain a larger share of the available bandwidth at the expense of other users. This motivates a game theoretical analysis of DCF. Previous studies have already modeled access to a shared wireless channel in terms of non-cooperative games among the nodes, but they have mainly considered ad hoc mode operation. In this paper we consider the role of the Access Point (AP…

Computer scienceWireless ad hoc networkBidirectional trafficDistributed computingmedia_common.quotation_subjectMechanism designThroughputDistributed coordination functionNash equilibriumWi-fi networks[INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI]IEEE 802.11Settore ING-INF/04 - Automaticaselfish nodesSelfishnessmedia_commonIEEE 802.11business.industrySettore ING-INF/03 - TelecomunicazioniNode (networking)ComputerSystemsOrganization_COMPUTER-COMMUNICATIONNETWORKSWLAN; selfish nodesWLANbusinessRandom accessComputer network
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Resource sharing optimality in WiFi infrastructure networks

2009

In WiFi networks, mobile nodes compete for accessing a shared channel by means of a random access protocol called Distributed Coordination Function (DCF). Although this protocol is in principle fair, since all the stations have the same probability to transmit on the channel, it has been shown that unfair behaviors may emerge in actual networking scenarios. Assuming that a contending node can dynamically change its strategy, by tuning its contention parameters to non-standard values on the basis of channel observations, we prove that, for infrastructure networks with bidirectional traffic and homogeneous application requirements, selfish access strategies are able to reach equilibrium condi…

Computer sciencebusiness.industryBidirectional trafficSettore ING-INF/03 - TelecomunicazioniDistributed computingNode (networking)ThroughputDistributed coordination functionShared resourceSettore ING-INF/04 - AutomaticaWireless lanTelecommunications linkMobile telephonybusinessGame theory Mechanism Design WiFi Infrastructure NetworksRandom accessCommunication channelComputer network
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Performance analysis of selfish access strategies on WiFi infrastructure networks

2009

In this paper we propose a game-theoretic approach for characterizing WiFi network performance in presence of intelligent nodes employing cognitive functionalities. We assume that a cognitive WiFi node is aware of its application requirements and is able to dynamically estimate the network status, in order to dynamically change its access strategy by tuning the contention window settings. We prove that, for infrastructure networks with bidirectional traffic and homogeneous application requirements, selfish access strategies are able to reach equilibrium conditions, which are also Pareto optimal. Indeed, we show that the station strategies converge toward values which maximize a per-node uti…

Computer sciencebusiness.industryBidirectional trafficSettore ING-INF/03 - Telecomunicazionimedia_common.quotation_subjectDistributed computingNode (networking)Physical layerThroughputGame theory distributed wifi networksGame theory; distributed; wifi networksSettore ING-INF/04 - AutomaticaWireless lanTelecommunications linkdistributedFunction (engineering)businessGame theoryGame theorywifi networksmedia_commonComputer network
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Evaluating State-Based Intention Recognition Algorithms against Human Performance

2014

In this paper, we describe a novel intention recognition approach based on the representation of state information in a cooperative human-robot environment. We compare the output of the intention recognition algorithms to those of an experiment involving humans attempting to recognize the same intentions in a manufacturing kitting domain. States are represented by a combination of spatial relationships in a Cartesian frame along with cardinal direction information. Based upon a set of predefined high-level states relationships that must be true for future actions to occur, a robot can use the approaches described in this paper to infer the likelihood of subsequent actions occurring. This wo…

Computer sciencebusiness.industryFrame (networking)RoboticsMachine learningcomputer.software_genreDomain (software engineering)RobotArtificial intelligenceState (computer science)Representation (mathematics)Set (psychology)businesscomputerCardinal direction
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A Novel Angle Estimation for mmWave FMCW Radars Using Machine Learning

2021

In this article, we present a novel machine learning based angle estimation and field of view (FoV) enhancement techniques for mmWave FMCW radars operating in the frequency range of 77 - 81 GHz. Field of view is enhanced in both azimuth and elevation. The Elevation FoV enhancement is achieved by keeping the orientation of antenna elements in elevation. In this orientation, radar focuses the beam in vertical direction there by enhancing the elevation FoV. An Azimuth FoV enhancement is achieved by mechanically rotating the radar horizontally, which has antenna elements in the elevation. With the proposed angle estimation technique for such rotating radars, root mean square error (RMSE) of 2.5…

Computer sciencebusiness.industryOrientation (computer vision)010401 analytical chemistryAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsElevationField of viewMachine learningcomputer.software_genre01 natural sciences0104 chemical scienceslaw.inventionAzimuthlawVertical directionChirpArtificial intelligenceElectrical and Electronic EngineeringRadarAntenna (radio)businessInstrumentationcomputerIEEE Sensors Journal
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Reconfigurable photonic routers based on multimode interference couplers

2015

We present a design approach for compact reconfigurable light routers with N access waveguides (WGs) based on multimode interference (MMI) couplers. The proposed devices comprise two MMI couplers, which are employed as power splitters and combiners, respectively, linked by an array of N single-mode WGs. When the effective refractive index of the WGs is modulated with the proper relative optical phase difference, the light can switch paths between the preset output channel and the remaining output WGs. Taking advantage of the transfer phases between the access ports of the MMI couplers, we derive very simple phase relations between the modulated WGs that enable the reconfiguration of the out…

Computer sciencebusiness.industryPhase (waves)Control reconfigurationStatistical and Nonlinear Physics02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesTransfer matrixAtomic and Molecular Physics and Optics010309 opticsOpticsSurface wave0103 physical sciencesElectronic engineeringPower dividers and directional couplersMultimode interferencePhotonics0210 nano-technologybusinessEffective refractive indexJournal of the Optical Society of America B
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Line reconstruction using prior knowledge in single non-central view

2016

International audience; Line projections in non-central systems contain more geometric information than in central systems. The four degrees of freedom of the 3D line are mapped to the line-image and the 3D line can be theoretically recovered from 4 projecting rays (i.e. line-image points) from a single non-central view. In practice, extraction of line-images is consid- erably more difficult and the resulting reconstruction is imprecise and sensitive to noise. In this paper we present a minimal solution to recover the geometry of the 3D line from only three line-image points when the line is parallel to a given plane. A second minimal solution allows to recover the 3D line from two points w…

Computer sciencebusiness.industryPlane (geometry)Pipeline (computing)[INFO.INFO-CV]Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV]02 engineering and technologyDegrees of freedom (mechanics)[ INFO.INFO-CV ] Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV]01 natural sciencesExtractor[INFO.INFO-CV] Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV]0103 physical sciencesLine (geometry)Vertical direction0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering020201 artificial intelligence & image processingComputer visionNoise (video)Artificial intelligence010306 general physicsbusinessPlucker
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Prototype for Surface Albedo Retrieval Based on Sentinel-3 OLCI and SLSTR Data in the Framework of Copernicus Climate Change

2021

This work describes the different algorithmic steps used to retrieve the first Surface Albedo (SA) product based on Sentinel-3 (S-3) data in the framework of the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S). The atmospherically corrected Top-Of-Atmosphere (TOA) reflectances into Top-Of-Canopy (TOC) reflectances are brokered from the Copernicus Global Land Service (CGLS). The TOC reflectances are used to obtain a BRDF model. Next, the spectral and angular integration steps are implemented, which take the latter coefficients as input to produce spectral and broadband albedo quantities. The preliminary quality assessment of BSA broadband albedo for the total shortwave shows good overall spatiotempo…

Consistency (statistics)Climate changeEnvironmental scienceAtmospheric modelBidirectional reflectance distribution functionAlbedoTime seriesSnowShortwaveRemote sensing2021 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium IGARSS
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