Search results for "Dispersion."

showing 10 items of 1094 documents

Labor productivity and firm-level TFP with technology-specific production functions

2020

Abstract We investigate the technological dimension of productivity, presenting an empirical methodology based on mixture models to disentangle the labor productivity differences associated with the firm's choice of technology (BTFP) and those related to the firm's ability to exploit the adopted technology (WTFP). The estimation endogenously determines the number of technologies (in the sector) and degree of technology sharing across firms (i.e., for each firm, the probability of using a given technology). By using comparable data for about 35,000 firms worldwide distributed across 22 (two-digit) sectors, we show BTFP to be at least as important as WTFP in explaining the labor productivity …

EstimationEconomics and EconometricsSimultaneityExploit05 social sciencesTFPTFP; Technology adoption; Production function estimation; Mixture modelsProduction function estimation0502 economics and businessEconomicsProduction (economics)Statistical dispersion050207 economicsMixture modelsTotal factor productivityProductivityIndustrial organization050205 econometrics Technology adoption
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Nickel oxide supported on porous clay heterostructures as selective catalysts for the oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane

2016

[EN] Porous clay heterostructures (PCH) have shown to be highly efficient supports for nickel oxide in the oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane. Thus NiO supported on silica with a PCH structure shows productivity towards ethylene three times higher than if NiO is supported on a conventional silica. This enhanced productivity is due to the increase in the catalytic activity and especially to the drastic increase in the selectivity to ethylene. Additionally, PCH silica partially modified with titanium in the columns (PCH-Ti) have also been synthesized and used as supports for NiO. An enhanced activity and selectivity to ethylene was found over NiO supported over PCH-Ti compared to the corresp…

EthyleneMaterials scienceCatalystsNickel oxideNon-blocking I/OInorganic chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementNickel oxide supported02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesCatalysis0104 chemical sciencesCatalysischemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryPorous Clay HeterostructuresDehydrogenationOxidative dehydrogenation of ethane0210 nano-technologyDispersion (chemistry)SelectivityTitaniumCatalysis Science & Technology
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The temporal analogue of diffractive couplers

2020

International audience; Based on the space-time duality of light, we numerically demonstrate that temporal dispersion grating couplers can generate from a single pulse an array of replicas of equal amplitude. The phase-only profile of the temporal grating is optimized by a genetic algorithm that takes into account the optoelectronic bandwidth limitations of the setup.

FOS: Physical sciencesDuality (optimization)Physics::Optics02 engineering and technologyGrating01 natural sciences010309 optics020210 optoelectronics & photonicsOptics0103 physical sciencesDispersion (optics)Genetic algorithm0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringUltrafast processingPhysics[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]business.industryBandwidth (signal processing)Single pulseGeneral MedicineQC350-467Optics. LightAmplitudePhase modulationSpace-time analogybusinessOptics (physics.optics)Physics - Optics
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Observation of Geometric Parametric Instability Induced by the Periodic Spatial Self-Imaging of Multimode Waves

2016

Spatio-temporal mode coupling in highly multimode physical systems permits new routes for exploring complex instabilities and forming coherent wave structures. We present here the first experimental demonstration of multiple geometric parametric instability sidebands, generated in the frequency domain through resonant space-time coupling, owing to the natural periodic spatial self-imaging of a multimode quasi-continuous-wave beam in a standard graded-index multimode fiber. The input beam was launched in the fiber by means of an amplified microchip laser emitting sub-nanosecond pulses at 1064 nm. The experimentally observed frequency spacing among sidebands agrees well with analytical predic…

FOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyPhysics::Optics01 natural scienceslaw.invention010309 opticsOpticslaw0103 physical sciencesDispersion (optics)010306 general physicsComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSCouplingPhysics[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics][ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]Multi-mode optical fiberSidebandbusiness.industryLaserFrequency domain analysis; infrared devices; infrared lasersWavelengthFrequency domainMode coupling[ SPI.OPTI ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / PhotonicbusinessOptics (physics.optics)Physics - Optics
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Hyperspectral optical near-field imaging: Looking graded photonic crystals and photonic metamaterials in color

2012

International audience; Using a scanning near-field optical microscope operating with a hyperspectral detection scheme, we report the direct observation of the mirage effect within an on-chip integrated artificial material made of a two dimensional graded photonic crystal. The light rainbow due to the material dispersion is quantified experimentally and quantitatively compared to three dimensional plane wave assisted Hamiltonian optics predictions of light propagation.

FREQUENCIESMaterials sciencePhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)business.industryNear-field opticsPlane waveMetamaterialHyperspectral imaging02 engineering and technologyHamiltonian optics021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesPhotonic metamaterial[SPI.AUTO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/AutomaticOpticsLIGHT0103 physical sciencesDispersion (optics)OptoelectronicsSPACE010306 general physics0210 nano-technologybusinessSILICONPhotonic crystal
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Polarization Modulation Instability in Dispersion-Engineered Photonic Crystal Fibers

2021

Generation of widely spaced polarization modulation instability (PMI) sidebands in a wide collection of photonic crystal fibers (PCF), including liquid-filled PCFs, is reported. The contribution of chromatic dispersion and birefringence to the net linear phase mismatch of PMI is investigated in all-normal dispersion PCFs and in PCFs with one (or two) zero dispersion wavelengths. Large frequency shift sidebands are demonstrated experimentally. Suitable fabrication parameters for air-filled and liquid-filled PCFs are proposed as guidelines for the development of dual-wavelength light sources based on PMI.

FabricationMaterials scienceGeneral Chemical EngineeringANDi fiberPhysics::Optics02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesInstability010309 opticsInorganic Chemistry020210 optoelectronics & photonics0103 physical sciencesDispersion (optics)0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringlcsh:QD901-999General Materials ScienceMaterialsLinear phaseBirefringencebusiness.industryliquid-filled PCFPolarization modulationÒpticaCondensed Matter PhysicsWavelengthpolarization modulation instabilityOptoelectronicsCristallslcsh:Crystallographybusinessphotonic crystal fiberPhotonic-crystal fiberCrystals
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An E-plane EBG waveguide for dispersion compensated transmission of short pulses

2007

The resolution of radar applications can significantly suffer from pulse broadening along the propagation in homogeneous hollow waveguides. The latter occurs due to the strongly dispersive nature of the fast waves in the waveguides. A low-cost solution to this problem is here proposed, employing an EBG type of waveguide, compatible with traditional E-plane fabrication techniques. By means of an example, here we demonstrate the reduction of the pulse spreading as it propagates along this type of waveguide.

FabricationMaterials sciencebusiness.industryPhysics::Opticslaw.inventionPulse (physics)OpticsTransmission (telecommunications)lawDispersion (optics)RadarbusinessNonlinear Sciences::Pattern Formation and SolitonsWaveguideBandwidth-limited pulsePhotonic crystal2007 IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium
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Femtosecond pulse compression in a hollow-core photonic bandgap fiber by tuning its cross section

2012

Abstract We present a numerical study of soliton pulse compression in a seven-cell hollow-core photonic bandgap fiber. We analyze the enhancement of both the compression factor and the pulse shape quality of 360 nJ femtosecond pulses at the wavelength of 800 nm by tuning the cross section size of the fiber. We use the generalized non-linear Schrodinger equation in order to modeled the propagation of light pulses along the fiber. Our numerical results show that output compressed pulses can be obtained, in a propagation length of 31 cm, with a compression factor of 5.7 and pulse shape quality of 77% for a reduction of 4.5% of the cross section size of the fiber. The predicted compression fact…

Femtosecond pulse shapingMaterials scienceFilling factorbusiness.industryPhysics::OpticsPolarization-maintaining optical fiberMicrostructured optical fiberCondensed Matter PhysicsGraded-index fiberAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsOpticsHardware and ArchitecturePulse compressionDispersion-shifted fiberElectrical and Electronic EngineeringPlastic optical fiberbusinessPhotonics and Nanostructures - Fundamentals and Applications
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All-fiber processing of terahertz-bandwidth signals based on cascaded tapered fibers

2013

Tapered single-mode fibers are employed to perform dynamic pulse shaping in a bandwidth of several terahertz. The transfer function of cascaded biconical tapers is controlled by introducing a phase shift into one of them through mechanical stretching. It is a simple and low-cost technique with potential to process signals with bandwidths as large as those allocated by standard optical fiber while introducing little degradation. Femtosecond pulses are shaped to prove the concept. (C) 2013 Optical Society of America

Femtosecond pulse shapingMaterials scienceOptical fiberbusiness.industryTerahertz radiationBandwidth (signal processing)Physics::OpticsNonlinear opticsFiber measurementsTransfer functionPulse shapingAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticslaw.inventionOpticslawTEORIA DE LA SEÑAL Y COMUNICACIONESFemtosecondFiber design and fabricationDispersion.businessOptics Letters
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Experimental generation of parabolic pulses via Raman amplification in optical fiber

2003

Parabolic pulse generation via Raman amplification is experimentally demonstrated in 5.3 km of non-zero dispersion shifted fiber presenting normal group velocity dispersion at the injected signal pulse wavelength of 1550 nm. The fiber is pumped by a commercially-available continuous wave source at 1455 nm, and the intensity and chirp of the amplifier output are characterized using frequency-resolved optical gating. For 2.4 pJ input pulses of 10 ps duration, the output pulse characteristics are studied as a function of amplifier gain over the range 11-24 dB, allowing the evolution of the input pulse to a parabolic pulse to be clearly seen for amplifier gains exceeding 15 dB. Numerical compre…

Femtosecond pulse shapingOptical amplifierRaman amplificationMaterials sciencebusiness.industryPhysics::Optics02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesAtomic and Molecular Physics and Optics010309 optics020210 optoelectronics & photonicsOpticsZero-dispersion wavelength0103 physical sciences0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringChirpDispersion-shifted fiberbusinessUltrashort pulseBandwidth-limited pulseOptics Express
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