Search results for "Dispersion"

showing 10 items of 1101 documents

Controlling the Carrier-Envelope Phase of Few-Cycle Laser Beams in Dispersive Media

2011

During the last decade it has been practicable to achieve a full control of the temporal evolution of the wave field of ultrashort mode-locked laser beams (1). Advances in femtosecond laser technology and nonlinear optics have made possible to tailor the phase and magnitude of the electric field leading to a wide range of new applications in science. Many physical phenomena are dependent directly on the electric field rather than the pulse envelope such as electron emission from ionized atoms (2) and metal surfaces (3), or carrier-wave Rabi-flopping (4). Moreover, attosecond physics is for all practical purposes accessible by using femtosecond pulses with controlled carrier-envelope (CE) ph…

Physicsbusiness.industryWave packetCarrier-envelope phasePhase (waves)Laserlaw.inventionAngular spectrum methodOpticslawDispersion (optics)Group velocitybusinessEnvelope (waves)
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Spatio-temporal control of ultra-short pulses by using diffractive optical elements

2012

Diffractive optical elements (DOEs) have shown their applicability to control the spatio-temporal characteristics of ultra-short laser pulses. DOEs can provide high efficiency, compactness, very low material dispersion and, when implemented with spatial light modulators, real-time pulse engineering. In this communication, we report management of temporal and spectral profiles of ultra-short pulses by means of a quasi-direct space-to-time (QDST) pulse shaper. Moreover, we present spatio-temporal control, including dispersion compensation, by DOEs, and applications for activating nonlinear processes. On the other hand, we have achieved complete spatial control of ultra-short pulses, overcomin…

Physicsbusiness.industryinitLaserCompensation (engineering)law.inventionPulse (physics)Nonlinear systemOpticslawDispersion (optics)ChirpOptoelectronicsbusinessBandwidth-limited pulse2012 11th Euro-American Workshop on Information Optics
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The virial theorem and the dark matter problem in hybrid metric-Palatini gravity

2012

Hybrid metric-Palatini gravity is a recently proposed theory, consisting of the superposition of the metric Einstein-Hilbert Lagrangian with an f(R) term constructed a la Palatini. The theory predicts the existence of a long-range scalar field, which passes the Solar System observational constraints, even if the scalar field is very light, and modifies the cosmological and galactic dynamics. Thus, the theory opens new possibilities to approach, in the same theoretical framework, the problems of both dark energy and dark matter. In this work, we consider the generalized virial theorem in the scalar-tensor representation of the hybrid metric-Palatini gravity. More specifically, taking into ac…

Physicsdark matter theory010308 nuclear & particles physicsDark matterVelocity dispersionFOS: Physical sciencesAstronomy and AstrophysicsVirial massAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)01 natural sciencesPotential energyGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyVirial theoremTheoretical physicsGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyPhysics - General PhysicsGeneral Physics (physics.gen-ph)Gravitational field0103 physical sciencesDark energygalaxy clusters010303 astronomy & astrophysicsScalar fieldmodified gravity
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On the nature of interactions in the F2 OXe(…) NCCH3 complex: Is there the Xe(IV)N bond?

2016

Nature of the bonding in isolated XeOF2 molecule and F2 OXe(…) NCCH3 complexes have been studied in the gas phase (0 K) using Quantum Chemical Topology methods. The wave functions have been approximated at the MP2 and DFT levels of calculations, using the APFD, B3LYP, M062X, and B2PLYP functionals with the GD3 dispersion correction. The nature of the formal XeO bond in the XeOF2 monomer depends on the basis set used (all-electron vs. the ecp-28 approximation for Xe). Within the all-electron basis set approach the bond is represented by two bonding attractors, Vi = 1,2 (Xe,O), with total population of about 1.06e and highly delocalized electron density in both bonding basins. No bonding bas…

Physicsintermolecular interactions010405 organic chemistryStereochemistryIntermolecular forceNoble gasGeneral Chemistry010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesbonding0104 chemical sciencesComputational MathematicsCrystallographychemistry.chemical_compoundDelocalized electronMonomerchemistryMoleculeDispersion (chemistry)ta116Basis setTopology (chemistry)Journal of computational chemistry
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‘Nonlocal’ dispersion cancelation with classical light

2009

We show a classical analog of the original nonlocal dispersion cancelation effect in intensity interferometry with stationary light obeying Gaussian statistics. The dispersion compensation is due to the uncorrelation of the spectral components of the radiation. Although this classical counterpart phenomenon is not nonlocal in a strict quantum mechanical sense, it suggests that some second-order interference devices relying on temporal entanglement do not require a quantum light source.

Physicsmedicine.diagnostic_testGaussianGeneral Physics and AstronomyQuantum entanglementRadiationInterference (wave propagation)symbols.namesakeInterferometryClassical mechanicsOptical coherence tomographyQuantum mechanicsDispersion (optics)medicinesymbolsQuantumNew Journal of Physics
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Instabilities of four-wave mixing

2005

We predict that four-wave mixing driven by a dual frequency input undergoes different instability scenarios encompassing modulational instability or multiple shock formation in the anomalous and normal dispersion regime, respectively.

Physicsmultiple shockmodulational instabilityNonlinear opticsMechanicsPhysical opticsFour-wave mixing; modulational instability; multiple shockInstabilityShock (mechanics)Four-wave mixingModulational instabilityQuantum mechanicsFour-wave mixingDispersion (water waves)Mixing (physics)
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Inverse photonic-crystal-fiber design through geometrical and material scalings

2020

Geometrical and material - i.e., external and internal - scaling symmetries are exploited to obtain approximated analytical expressions for the mode effective index, group index, and chromatic dispersion of a scaled fiber. Our results include material refractive index scaling that changes the numerical aperture. First, the analytical expressions are successfully tested with a conventional step index fiber in a broadband range of wavelengths, from 1 to 2 mu m. Then, we establish a procedure to adapt the analytical expressions to photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) and illustrate its application in a triangular PCF with circular holes. These adapted analytical expressions show good agreement with …

Physicsoptical fiberOptical fiberMathematical analysisUNESCO::FÍSICAPhysics::OpticsSoliton (optics)Atomic and Molecular Physics and Opticsdesigning toolsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsNumerical aperturelaw.inventionlaw:FÍSICA [UNESCO]Dispersion (optics)EFFECTIVE-INDEX METHOD; SUPERCONTINUUM GENERATION; CHROMATIC DISPERSION; SOLITON; OCTAVEElectrical and Electronic EngineeringStep-index profilephotonic crystal fiberRefractive indexScalingPhotonic-crystal fiber
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General measurement technique of the ratio between chromatic dispersion and the nonlinear coefficient

2021

Measuring the nonlinear coefficient γ of any guiding medium, regardless of the sign and magnitude of its group-velocity dispersion parameter β 2 , is challenging because of the lack of general solutions of the nonlinear Schrodinger equation (NLSE). Indeed, existing approaches typically need to disregard chromatic-dispersion effects to determine γ [1] . Here we propose an all-encompassing approach to measure the ratio β 2 /γ and prove our method in polarization-maintaining (PM) and single-mode (SM) fibers with positive and negative β 2 .

Physicssymbols.namesakeMathematical analysisDispersion (optics)symbolsNonlinear coefficientMeasure (mathematics)Nonlinear Schrödinger equationSign (mathematics)2021 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC)
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Dispersion of pressure at the inner edge of the neutron star crust

2021

This paper presents a method for estimating the pressure variance at the inner edge of a neutron star crust. The obtained results quantify uncertainty in the estimation of pressure at the core-crust interface, implying that they depend on the selected equation of state and the neutron star’s mass distribution function. The quality of the transition pressure determination depends on the neutron star’s mass, with a significant decrease in accuracy for configurations with masses close to 2M . The method used makes it possible to control the theoretical part of the core-crust pressure dispersion in determining the observational quantities.

Physicstransition densityMass distributionEquation of state (cosmology)Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomenadense nuclear matterCrustFunction (mathematics)Edge (geometry)Computational physicsNeutron starQuality (physics)Dispersion (optics)Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysicsneutron star
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Optical Frequency Combs Generated in Silica Microspheres in the Telecommunication C-, U-, and E-Bands

2021

Optical frequency combs (OFCs) generated in microresonators with whispering gallery modes are demanded for different applications including telecommunications. Extending operating spectral ranges is an important problem for wavelength-division multiplexing systems based on microresonators. We demonstrate experimentally three spectrally separated OFCs in the C-, U-, and E-bands in silica microspheres which, in principle, can be used for telecommunication applications. For qualitative explanation of the OFC generation in the sidebands, we calculated gain coefficients and gain bandwidths for degenerate four-wave mixing (FWM) processes. We also attained a regime when the pump frequency was in t…

Physics::OpticsSoliton (optics)MultiplexingPhysics::GeophysicsFour-wave mixingNonlinear Sciences::Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systemssilica microsphereDispersion (optics)Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingApplied optics. PhotonicsInstrumentationMixing (physics)PhysicsComputer simulationQuantitative Biology::Neurons and Cognitionbusiness.industryDegenerate energy levelsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsTA1501-1820Raman OFCoptical frequency comb (OFC)Whispering-gallery wavefour-wave mixingTelecommunicationsbusinesssoliton-like spectrumPhotonics
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