Search results for "Disposition"

showing 10 items of 832 documents

Genome-wide meta-analysis identifies 56 bone mineral density loci and reveals 14 loci associated with risk of fracture

2012

Bone mineral density (BMD) is the most widely used predictor of fracture risk. We performed the largest meta-analysis to date on lumbar spine and femoral neck BMD, including 17 genome-wide association studies and 32,961 individuals of European and east Asian ancestry. We tested the top BMD-associated markers for replication in 50,933 independent subjects and for association with risk of low-trauma fracture in 31,016 individuals with a history of fracture (cases) and 102,444 controls. We identified 56 loci (32 new) associated with BMD at genome-wide significance (P < 5 × 10 -8). Several of these factors cluster within the RANK-RANKL-OPG, mesenchymal stem cell differentiation, endochondral…

MaleBone densityOsteoporosisGenome-wide association studyMitochondrial Membrane Transport ProteinsBone densitometryFractures Bone0302 clinical medicineBone DensityRisk FactorsFemurGeneticsBone mineral0303 health scienceseducation.field_of_studyExtracellular Matrix ProteinsLumbar VertebraeFemur Neckta3141medicine.anatomical_structureLow Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-5/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/good_health_and_well_beingIntercellular Signaling Peptides and ProteinsFemaleGensmusculoskeletal diseases/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1300/1311GenotypePopulationEuropean Continental Ancestry GroupQuantitative Trait Loci030209 endocrinology & metabolismVèrtebres lumbarsBiologyFèmurPolymorphism Single NucleotideArticleWhite People03 medical and health sciencesSDG 3 - Good Health and Well-beingDensitometria òssiaGeneticsmedicineHumansGenetic Predisposition to Diseaseeducation030304 developmental biologyFemoral neckGenetic associationGlycoproteinsGene Expression ProfilingComputational BiologySpectrinta3121medicine.diseasePhosphoproteinsGenesOsteoporosisMesenchymal stem cell differentiationHuman medicineFracturesGenome-Wide Association Study

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Large-scale gene-centric analysis identifies novel variants for coronary artery disease.

2011

Coronary artery disease (CAD) has a significant genetic contribution that is incompletely characterized. To complement genome-wide association (GWA) studies, we conducted a large and systematic candidate gene study of CAD susceptibility, including analysis of many uncommon and functional variants. We examined 49,094 genetic variants in ∼2,100 genes of cardiovascular relevance, using a customised gene array in 15,596 CAD cases and 34,992 controls (11,202 cases and 30,733 controls of European descent; 4,394 cases and 4,259 controls of South Asian origin). We attempted to replicate putative novel associations in an additional 17,121 CAD cases and 40,473 controls. Potential mechanisms through w…

MaleCancer ResearchCandidate geneEpidemiologyGenome-wide association studyCoronary Artery Disease030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyCardiovascular0302 clinical medicineGENETICS & HEREDITYGenetics (clinical)Genetics0303 health sciencesCardiovascular diseases [NCEBP 14]Middle Aged3. Good healthCYP17A1Genetic EpidemiologyGenome-wide association; Myocardial-infarction; Susceptibility loci; Risk; Atherosclerosis; Metanalysis; LipoproteinMedicineFemaleLife Sciences & BiomedicineResearch ArticleAsian Continental Ancestry GroupAdultRiskSUSCEPTIBILITY LOCIlcsh:QH426-470European Continental Ancestry GroupBiologyPolymorphism Single Nucleotidecoronary artery disease; geneticsWhite People03 medical and health sciencesSDG 3 - Good Health and Well-beingAsian PeopleGenetic variationGeneticsHumansGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseGENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATIONAlleleMolecular BiologyGeneBiologyMETAANALYSISEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsGenetic Association StudiesCardiovascular Disease EpidemiologyAlleles030304 developmental biologyAged0604 GeneticsScience & TechnologyCase-control studyGenetic VariationHuman GeneticsOdds ratiolarge-scale gene analysiscoronary artery disease; large-scale gene analysislcsh:GeneticsLIPOPROTEINMYOCARDIAL-INFARCTIONATHEROSCLEROSISCase-Control StudiesGenetics of DiseaseIBC 50K CAD ConsortiumDevelopmental BiologyGenome-Wide Association Study

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Whole-exome sequencing and targeted gene sequencing provide insights into the role of PALB2 as a male breast cancer susceptibility gene

2016

Male breast cancer (MBC) is a rare disease whose etiology appears to be largely associated with genetic factors. BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations account for about 10% of all MBC cases. Thus, a fraction of MBC cases are expected to be due to genetic factors not yet identified. To further explain the genetic susceptibility for MBC, whole-exome sequencing (WES) and targeted gene sequencing were applied to high-risk, BRCA1/2 mutation-negative MBC cases.Germ-line DNA of 1 male and 2 female BRCA1/2 mutation-negative breast cancer (BC) cases from a pedigree showing a first-degree family history of MBC was analyzed with WES. Targeted gene sequencing for the validation of WES results was performed for 48 …

MaleCancer ResearchDNA Mutational AnalysisBreast NeoplasmsBreast Neoplasms MaleDNA Mutational AnalysiGenetic susceptibility; Male breast cancer; N-acetyltransferase 1 (NAT1); Partner and localizer of BRCA2 (PALB2); Whole-exome sequencing; Oncology; Cancer ResearchGenetic susceptibilityHumansExomeGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseN-acetyltransferase 1 (NAT1)genetic susceptibility; male breast cancer; N-acetyltransferase 1 (NAT1); partner and localizer of BRCA2 (PALB2); whole-exome sequencing; BRCA1 Protein; BRCA2 Protein; Breast Neoplasms; Breast Neoplasms Male; Case-Control Studies; DNA Mutational Analysis; Exome; Fanconi Anemia Complementation Group N Protein; Female; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Humans; Italy; Male; Mutation; Nuclear Proteins; Pedigree; Tumor Suppressor Proteins; Oncology; Cancer ResearchNuclear ProteinBRCA2 ProteinTumor Suppressor ProteinBRCA1 ProteinTumor Suppressor ProteinsPartner and localizer of BRCA2 (PALB2)Nuclear ProteinsPedigreeMale breast cancerItalyOncologyCase-Control StudiesWhole-exome sequencingMutationFemaleCase-Control StudieFanconi Anemia Complementation Group N ProteinBreast NeoplasmHuman

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Interleukin-10 and interleukin-18 promoter polymorphisms in an Italian cohort of patients with undifferentiated carcinoma of nasopharyngeal type.

2004

Purpose: Cytokines such as IL-10 and IL-18 seem to be involved in the inflammatory response of undifferentiated carcinoma of nasopharyngeal type (UCNT). The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the promoter region of IL-10 and IL-18 genes and the virological and clinical characteristics in a large case series of Caucasian patients suffering from UCNT, a tumor regularly associated with the Epstein Barr Virus (EBV). Methods: Eighty-nine patients with histologically confirmed UCNT and 130 healthy donors were included in our study. DNA was examined for the polymorphisms of IL-10 gene at positions –1082, −819, −592 by dire…

MaleCancer ResearchEpstein-Barr Virus InfectionsGenotypeImmunologyNasopharyngeal neoplasmSingle-nucleotide polymorphismBiologyPolymerase Chain ReactionPolymorphism Single NucleotideCohort StudiesInterleukin-10 Interleukin-18 Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) Undifferentiated carcinoma of nasopharyngeal type (UCNT) Epstein Barr virus (EBV)Risk FactorsGenotypeGenetic predispositionImmunology and AllergyHumansGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseGenetic variabilityAllelePromoter Regions GeneticAllele frequencyInflammationCarcinomaInterleukin-8Case-control studyNasopharyngeal NeoplasmsMiddle AgedPrognosisInterleukin-10OncologyItalyCase-Control StudiesImmunologyFemale

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Integrating genome-wide genetic variations and monocyte expression data reveals trans-regulated gene modules in humans.

2011

One major expectation from the transcriptome in humans is to characterize the biological basis of associations identified by genome-wide association studies. So far, few cis expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) have been reliably related to disease susceptibility. Trans-regulating mechanisms may play a more prominent role in disease susceptibility. We analyzed 12,808 genes detected in at least 5% of circulating monocyte samples from a population-based sample of 1,490 European unrelated subjects. We applied a method of extraction of expression patterns—independent component analysis—to identify sets of co-regulated genes. These patterns were then related to 675,350 SNPs to identify maj…

MaleCancer ResearchGene ExpressionGenome-wide association studyGenetic NetworksCoronary Artery Disease[SDV.GEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/GeneticsCardiovascularMESH: MonocytesMonocytesMESH: HypertensionTranscriptomes0302 clinical medicineMESH: ProteinsMESH: Genetic VariationGenetics (clinical)GeneticsMESH: Aged0303 health scienceseducation.field_of_studyMESH: Middle AgedMESH: Polymorphism Single NucleotideIntracellular Signaling Peptides and ProteinsMESH: Genetic Predisposition to DiseaseGenomicsMESH: Transcription FactorsMiddle AgedMESH: Ribosomal ProteinsMESH: Gene Expression Regulation3. Good healthHypertensionMedicineFemaleMESH: Diabetes Mellitus Type 1Research ArticleAdultRibosomal Proteinslcsh:QH426-470PopulationQuantitative Trait LociLocus (genetics)Single-nucleotide polymorphismBiologyQuantitative trait locusPolymorphism Single Nucleotide03 medical and health sciencesMESH: Gene Expression ProfilingGenome Analysis ToolsGeneticsGenome-Wide Association StudiesHumansGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseGene NetworkseducationMolecular BiologyBiologyEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsMESH: Genome Human030304 developmental biologyGenetic associationAdaptor Proteins Signal TransducingAged[SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/GeneticsMESH: HumansGenome HumanGene Expression ProfilingGenetic VariationProteinsHuman GeneticsMESH: AdultAtherosclerosisMESH: MaleMESH: Quantitative Trait LociGene expression profilingCeliac Diseaselcsh:GeneticsDiabetes Mellitus Type 1Gene Expression RegulationExpression quantitative trait lociGenetics of DiseaseMESH: Genome-Wide Association StudyMESH: MuramidaseMuramidaseGenome Expression AnalysisMESH: Female030217 neurology & neurosurgeryMESH: Celiac DiseaseGenome-Wide Association StudyTranscription Factors

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Optimizing clinical exome design and parallel gene-testing for recessive genetic conditions in preconception carrier screening: Translational researc…

2019

Limited translational genomic research data have been reported on the application of exome sequencing and parallel gene testing for preconception carrier screening (PCS). Here, we present individual-level data from a large PCS program in which exome sequencing was routinely performed on either gamete donors (5,845) or infertile patients (8,280) undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment without any known family history of inheritable genetic conditions. Individual-level data on pathogenic variants were used to define conditions for PCS based on criteria for severity, penetrance, inheritance pattern, and age of onset. Fetal risk was defined based on actual carrier frequency data accou…

MaleCancer ResearchGenetic ScreensHeredityGenetic LinkageMolecular biologyGenetic Carrier ScreeningGene Identification and AnalysisGene SequencingQH426-470BioinformaticsPathology and Laboratory MedicineTranslational Research Biomedical0302 clinical medicineSequencing techniquesMedicine and Health SciencesExomeDNA sequencingGenome SequencingChildExomeGenetics (clinical)Exome sequencing0303 health scienceseducation.field_of_studymedicine.diagnostic_testGenetic Carrier ScreeningGenomicsPenetranceX-Linked TraitsSex LinkageChild PreschoolMedical geneticsFemalePathogensResearch ArticleAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyHeterozygotePopulationGenes RecessiveBiology03 medical and health sciencesGenomic MedicineDirected Tissue DonationExome SequencingmedicineGeneticsHumansGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseGenetic TestingeducationEcology Evolution Behavior and Systematics030304 developmental biologyGenetic testingClinical GeneticsGenome HumanInfant NewbornBiology and Life SciencesInfantHuman geneticsResearch and analysis methodsMolecular biology techniquesInfertilityGenetics of DiseaseMutation030217 neurology & neurosurgeryPLoS Genetics

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Analysis of Heritability and Shared Heritability Based on Genome-Wide Association Studies for Thirteen Cancer Types

2015

BACKGROUND: Studies of related individuals have consistently demonstrated notable familial aggregation of cancer. We aim to estimate the heritability and genetic correlation attributable to the additive effects of common single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for cancer at 13 anatomical sites.METHODS: Between 2007 and 2014, the US National Cancer Institute has generated data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for 49 492 cancer case patients and 34 131 control patients. We apply novel mixed model methodology (GCTA) to this GWAS data to estimate the heritability of individual cancers, as well as the proportion of heritability attributable to cigarette smoking in smoking-related cance…

MaleCancer ResearchLung NeoplasmsLymphomaGenome-wide association studyPolymorphism (computer science)NeoplasmsMedicineChronicGeneticsOsteosarcomaOncology And CarcinogenesisLeukemiaSmokingFamily aggregationSingle NucleotideMiddle AgedFamilial riskDiffuseKidney NeoplasmsLymphocyticOncologyAdult; Aged; Asian Continental Ancestry Group; Bone Neoplasms; European Continental Ancestry Group; Female; Humans; Kidney Neoplasms; Leukemia Lymphocytic Chronic B-Cell; Lung Neoplasms; Lymphoma Large B-Cell Diffuse; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasms; Osteosarcoma; Polymorphism Single Nucleotide; Smoking; Testicular Neoplasms; Tissue Array Analysis; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Genome-Wide Association StudyFemaleLymphoma Large B-Cell DiffuseAdultAsian Continental Ancestry GroupEuropean Continental Ancestry Group/Bone NeoplasmsPolymorphism Single NucleotideGenetic correlationTesticular NeoplasmsLarge B-CellHumansGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseOncology & CarcinogenesisPolymorphismAgedbusiness.industryExtramuralB-CellCancerHeritabilityGenome-wide association studies for thirteen cancer typesmedicine.diseaseLeukemia Lymphocytic Chronic B-CellUrinary Bladder NeoplasmsTissue Array AnalysisbusinessGenome-Wide Association StudyJournal of the National Cancer Institute

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Polymorphisms of pro-inflammatory genes and prostate cancer risk: a pharmacogenomic approach.

2009

In this paper, we consider the role of the genetics of inflammation in the pathophysiology of prostate cancer (PCa). This paper is not an extensive review of the literature, rather it is an expert opinion based on data from authors' laboratories on age-related diseases and inflammation. The aim is the detection of a risk profile that potentially allows both the early identification of individuals at risk for disease and the possible discovery of potential targets for medication. In fact, a major goal of clinical research is to improve early detection of age-related diseases, cancer included, by developing tools to move diagnosis backward in disease temporal course, i.e., before the clinical…

MaleCancer ResearchPathologymedicine.medical_specialtyAgingpharmacogenomicmedicine.medical_treatmentImmunologyGenomicsDiseaseBioinformaticsProstate cancerlongevitySettore MED/05 - Patologia ClinicaImmunology and AllergyMedicineHumansGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseSettore MED/04 - Patologia GeneraleInflammationPolymorphism Geneticbusiness.industryCancerProstatic NeoplasmsImmunotherapyprostate cancermedicine.diseaseClinical researchOncologyageingPharmacogeneticsPharmacogenomicsgeneticInflammation MediatorsbusinessPharmacogeneticsCancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII

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Chemokine receptor CCR7 enhances intrahepatic and lymphatic dissemination of human hepatocellular cancer.

2006

Despite many pathophysiological analyses, the process of tumor dissemination of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains vague. In diverse tumor entities, expression of the chemokine receptor, CCR7, has been linked to tumor dissemination and poor prognosis. Therefore, we evaluated, whether CCR7 exerts similar effects in human HCC. CCR7 expression analysis was performed in vitro on human hepatoma cell lines (Huh7, Hep3B, wt HepG2, p53 dominant negative transfected HepG2). In addition, CCR7 expression was evaluated in 39 patients with hepatocellular cancer and correlated with both, tumor and patients characteristics. Human hepatocellular carcinoma samples and hepatoma cell lines displayed varia…

MaleCancer ResearchPathologymedicine.medical_specialtyReceptors CCR7Carcinoma Hepatocellularchemical and pharmacologic phenomenaC-C chemokine receptor type 7BiologyMetastasisChemokine receptorimmune system diseasesCell Line TumormedicineCarcinomaHumansGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseAgedGenes DominantOncogeneLiver NeoplasmsCancerhemic and immune systemsGeneral MedicineMiddle Agedmedicine.diseasePrognosisdigestive system diseasesGene Expression Regulation NeoplasticLymphatic systemOncologyLiverHepatocellular carcinomaLymphatic MetastasisFemaleReceptors ChemokineOncology reports

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Novel and known genetic variants for male breast cancer risk at 8q24.21, 9p21.3, 11q13.3 and 14q24.1: Results from a multicenter study in Italy

2015

Increasing evidence indicates that common genetic variants may contribute to the heritable risk of breast cancer (BC). In this study, we investigated whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), within the 8q24.21 multi-cancer susceptibility region and within BC-associated loci widespread in the genome, may influence the risk of BC in men, and whether they may be associated with specific clinical-pathologic characteristics of male BC (MBC). In the frame of the ongoing Italian Multicenter Study on MBC, we performed a case-control study on 386 MBC cases, including 50 BRCA1/2 mutation carriers, and 1105 healthy male controls, including 197 unaffected BRCA1/2 mutation carriers. All 1491 subj…

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