Search results for "Dissociative"
showing 10 items of 20 documents
“Dissociation, posttraumatic stress symptoms, emotional dysregulation, and invalidating environments as correlates of NSSI in borderline personality …
2020
Theoretical models have proposed that inadequate caregiving environments undermine the development of adaptive regulation strategies at early stages and can lead children to inadequate regulation skills for coping with distress, such as dissociation, posttraumatic stress, and NSSI. The main aim of this work was to examine NSSI types and functions and the relationship between the aforementioned variables and lifetime NSSI in 102 patients with BPD diagnoses or BPD subthreshold symptoms. In addition, we explored the moderator role of dissociation between invalidating environments and NSSI. Results showed that 83.7% of the sample self-injured more than 5 times during their lifetime; 62.7% swall…
Psychometric properties of the dissociative symptoms scale (DSS) in Italian outpatients and community adults
2020
This study investigated the psychometric properties of the Dissociative Symptoms Scale (DSS) among Italian adults from outpatient and community samples. The DSS is a self-report measure of clinically relevant dissociation in adults. An Italian translation of the DSS was administered with measures of lifetime traumatic experiences, psychoform dissociation, and somatoform dissociation to 175 psychiatric outpatients and 423 individuals from the community. The DSS scores for outpatient and community adults were significantly different and showed good internal reliability, good convergent and construct validity, and a four-factor structure (depersonalization and derealization, gaps in awareness …
Association analysis of SCN9A gene variants with borderline personality disorder
2008
Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a serious psychiatric disorder affecting about 1-2% of the general population. Key features of BPD are emotional instability, strong impulsivity, repeated self-injurious behavior (SIB) and dissociation. In the etiology of BPD and its predominant symptoms, genetic factors have been suggested. The voltage-gated sodium channel Nav1.7 is expressed in sensory neurons and in the hippocampus, a key region of the limbic system probably dysfunctional in BPD and dissociative disorders. The alpha-subunit of Nav1.7 is encoded by the SCN9A gene on chromosome 2 and variations of SCN9A can lead to complete inability to sense pain. The aim of the present study was t…
Attitudes towards change mediate the effect of dissociation on psychopathological outcome in the treatment of eating disorders.
2020
Objectives The study aimed to examine whether dissociation and attitudes towards change were associated with the psychopathology in patients with eating disorders (EDs) at 1-year follow-up. Method The study included 110 females with anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa (48 and 62 respectively). At the beginning of the study and 1 year later, they were assessed by means of the following questionnaires: Dissociative Experiences Scale, Attitudes Towards Change (ACTA), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, Eating Attitude Test, Bulimic Investigatory Test Edinburgh and Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ). Results No statistically significant difference…
The Relationships between Early Trauma, Dissociation, and Alexithymia in Alcohol Addiction
2014
Objective Addiction is often considered a dissociative behavior that is related to alexithymia and developmental trauma. The study aims were to explore the relationships between early trauma, alexithymia, and dissociation. Methods A total of 117 (males=60; females=57) alcohol-addicted individuals and 117 healthy individuals (males=60; females=57) were administered a series of self-report questionnaires that assess traumatic experiences, alexithymia, and pathological dissociation. Results Correlation analyses indicated significant correlations between alexithymia, dissociation, and trauma and a significant difference between the target and control groups, with higher alexithymia and dissocia…
CASSCF/CASPT2 analysis of the fragmentation of H2 on a Pd4 cluster
2009
Two reactive pathways are described for the dissociative adsorption of a hydrogen molecule on a Pd4 pyramidal cluster, by using DFT/B3LYP and CASSCF/CASPT2 computational methods. Because of the different spin multiplicities of the cluster in the initial and final states, the reaction proceeds through a spin multiplicity change, which occurs close to the transition states. The activation energy values are very similar when the DFT method is used, whereas the CASPT2 calculations predict that the concerted mechanism is disfavored. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2010
Los fenómenos disociativos: una revisión conceptual
2003
En el presente trabajo se lleva a cabo una revisión del concepto de disociación y de los fenómenos asociados, haciendo un recorrido desde las posturas clásicas, como la de Janet, hasta los planteamientos que actualmente se centran en el estudio de los fenómenos disociativos. Se aborda, además el planteamiento acerca de la existencia de un continuo de experiencias disociativas, o modelo dimensional, que actualmente se formula conjugado con un modelo tipológico, y se hace una breve revisión de los estudios que se han centrado en las relaciones entre la variable disociación y ciertas variables que tradicionalmente han sido asociadas a este concepto, como la hipnotizabilidad o la represión. Fin…
Ketamine in acute phase of severe traumatic brain injury “an old drug for new uses?”
2021
AbstractMaintaining an adequate level of sedation and analgesia plays a key role in the management of traumatic brain injury (TBI). To date, it is unclear which drug or combination of drugs is most effective in achieving these goals. Ketamine is an agent with attractive pharmacological and pharmacokinetics characteristics. Current evidence shows that ketamine does not increase and may instead decrease intracranial pressure, and its safety profile makes it a reliable tool in the prehospital environment. In this point of view, we discuss different aspects of the use of ketamine in the acute phase of TBI, with its potential benefits and pitfalls.
Characterization of a cryogenic ion guide at IGISOL
2012
A small volume cryogenic ion guide has been characterized at the IGISOL facility, Jyvaskyla, as a prototype to verify whether there are any major obstacles to the use of high-density cryogenic helium gas for the stopping and extraction of high-energy ions from a large volume cryogenic ion catcher. The expected temperature scaling of the mass flow through the ion guide has been confirmed, showing that for the same helium density, the differential pumping requirements are less stringent for cryogenic operation. At 90 K a clear reduction in the mass-analyzed impurities is achieved, although lower temperatures are required to freeze out oxygen and nitrogen. This is supported by the reduction in…
Influence of Ketamine anaesthesia on renal and cardiovascular functions in mongrel dogs
1979
Cardiac minute volume, renal blood flow, pulse volume, heart rate and urinary output were determined by means of experiments made on 10 mongrel dogs. Anaesthesia was maintained by nitrous oxide/oxygen mixture administered with Ketamine. Under the conditions described it was observed that -- contrary to what is found in human patients -- cardiac and renal minute volume as well as pulse volume are significantly decreased. No significant changes has been observed in the heart rate. Whilst urinary output was decreased, the excretion of individual electrolytes was found to be different.