Search results for "Distance"
showing 10 items of 1009 documents
The Contribution of Childhood Parental Rejection and Early Androgen Exposure to Impairments in Socio-Cognitive Skills in Intimate Partner Violence Pe…
2013
Alcohol consumption, a larger history of childhood parental rejection, and high prenatal androgen exposure have been linked with facilitation and high risk of recidivism in intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetrators. Participants were distributed into two groups according to their alcohol consumption scores as high (HA) and low (LA). HA presented a higher history of childhood parental rejection, prenatal masculinization (smaller 2D:4D ratio), and violence-related scores than LA IPV perpetrators. Nonetheless, the former showed poor socio-cognitive skills performance (cognitive flexibility, emotional recognition and cognitive empathy). Particularly in HA IPV perpetrators, the history of chi…
The progression of myopia from its onset at age 8-12 to adulthood and the influence of heredity and external factors on myopic progression. A 23-year…
2013
Purpose To examine myopic progression and factors connected with myopic progression. Methods Myopic schoolchildren, with no previous spectacles, 119 boys and 121 girls, were recruited during 1983–1984 to a randomized 3-year clinical trial of bifocal treatment of myopia with a subsequent 20-year follow-up. Participants' mean age at Baseline was 10.9, ranging from 8.7 to 12.8 years. An ophthalmological examination was carried out annually for 3 years and twice thereafter at ca. 10-year intervals. Additional refraction values were received from prescriptions issued by different ophthalmologists and opticians. Altogether, 1915 refraction values were available. Reading distance and accommodation…
Five-year functional outcomes and vault of -20 diopter myopic phakic intraocular lens implantation.
2015
Purpose To evaluate refractive and visual outcomes and complications associated with phakic intraocular lens (pIOL) implantation to correct high myopia. Settings Fernandez-Vega Ophthalmological Institute, Oviedo, Spain. Design Retrospective observational case series. Methods Uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) and corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), refraction, vault, and adverse effects were evaluated after 5 years with Visian ICMV4 pIOL. Results Mean spherical equivalent (SE) dropped from −18.32 ± 2.37 diopters (D) preoperatively to −0.88 ± 0.52D 5 years postoperatively; 61% of eyes were within ±0.75 D of the target. The mean Snellen decimal CDVA and UDVA were 0.73 ± 0.23 and 0…
Clinical Impact of a Spontaneous Decentration of a Phakic Refractive Lens
2011
PURPOSE To evaluate the clinical impact and possible causes of a spontaneous decentration of a phakic refractive lens (PRL) implanted in a highly myopic eye, and analyzing the visual, refractive, and aberrometric outcome as well as the possible causes for this phenomenon. METHODS The description of a case of bilateral high myopia corrected by implantation with the phakic intraocular lens (pIOL) PRL (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Germany) is presented and documented. Both eyes had similar anatomical configuration, and therefore, a pIOL (Model 101) with the same size was implanted without any associated intraoperative complication. Clinical outcomes were evaluated during a 3-month follow-up. RESULTS Im…
The emergence and adaptive use of prestige in an online social learning task
2020
AbstractPrestige-biased social learning occurs when individuals preferentially learn from others who are highly respected, admired, copied, or attended to in their group. This form of social learning is argued to reflect novel forms of social hierarchy in human societies, and, by providing an efficient short-cut to acquiring adaptive information, underpin the cumulative cultural evolution that has contributed to our species’ ecological success. Despite these potentially important consequences, little empirical work to date has tested the basic predictions of prestige-biased social learning. Here we provide evidence supporting the key predictions that prestige-biased social learning is used …
Refractive lens exchange with the Acri. Twin asymmetric diffractive bifocal intraocular lens system
2009
PURPOSE To evaluate efficacy, safety, and predictability after refractive lens exchange (RLE) in patients who had implantation of asymmetric Acri.Twin bifocal diffractive intraocular lenses. METHODS The study comprised 130 eyes of 65 consecutive patients after RLE who had bilateral implantation of the Acri.Twin system. Eyes were divided into myopic and hyperopic groups. Binocular uncorrected distance visual acuity, best-corrected distance visual acuity (BCVA), uncorrected distance near visual acuity, and best distance-corrected near visual acuity (BCNVA) were recorded preoperatively and 6 months after surgery. RESULTS Efficacy indexes were 0.99 for myopic and 0.93 for hyperopic patients at …
Statistical analysis of life history calendar data
2016
The life history calendar is a data-collection tool for obtaining reliable retrospective data about life events. To illustrate the analysis of such data, we compare the model-based probabilistic event history analysis and the model-free data mining method, sequence analysis. In event history analysis, we estimate instead of transition hazards the cumulative prediction probabilities of life events in the entire trajectory. In sequence analysis, we compare several dissimilarity metrics and contrast data-driven and user-defined substitution costs. As an example, we study young adults' transition to adulthood as a sequence of events in three life domains. The events define the multistate event…
Cross-notational semantic priming between symbolic and nonsymbolic numerosity
2008
Symbolic and nonsymbolic numerosities produce similar behavioural effects and activate the same brain areas. These results have usually been interpreted in terms of a common, notation-independent magnitude representation. However, semantic priming between symbolic and nonsymbolic inputs has been somehow elusive (e.g., Koechlin, Naccache, Block, & Dehaene, 1999). In Experiment 1, we looked at whether cross-notational semantic priming depends on exact numerical meaning. Dice faces and digits were mixed as prime and target. Semantic priming occurred when prime and target were in the same notation as much as when they were in different notation. In Experiment 2, we found cross-notation sem…
Comparison of training and anthropometric characteristics between recreational male half-marathoners and marathoners
2013
Zillmann, Teresa | Knechtle, Beat | Ruest, Christoph Alexander | Knechtle, Patrizia | Rosemann, Thomas | Lepers, Romuald; International audience; ''Participation in endurance running such as half-marathon (21-km) and marathon (42-km) has increased over the last decades. We compared 147 recreational male half-marathoners and 126 recreational male marathoners to investigate similarities or differences in their anthropometric and training characteristics. The half-marathoners were heavier (P < 0.05), had longer legs (P < 0.001), thicker upper arms (P < 0.05), a thicker thigh (P < 0.01), a higher sum of skinfold thicknesses (P < 0.01), a higher body fat percentage (P < 0.05) and a higher skelet…
Visual performance of two simultaneous vision multifocal contact lenses
2012
Purpose To evaluate and compare the visual performance of two simultaneous vision multifocal contact lenses (CLs). Methods In this cross-over study design 20 presbyopic subjects were fitted with two different simultaneous vision multifocal CLs (the PureVision Multifocal Low Add and Acuvue Oasys for Presbyopia) in random order. After 1 month, binocular distance visual acuity (BDVA) under photopic (85 cd/m2) and mesopic (3 cd/m2) conditions, binocular near visual acuity (BNVA), binocular distance contrast sensitivity function (CSF) under photopic and mesopic conditions, binocular near CSF and defocus curve were measured. Subjects were then refitted with the alternative correction and the proc…