Search results for "Distributed"
showing 10 items of 1260 documents
U.S. stock prices and macroeconomic fundamentals: Fresh evidence using the quantile ARDL approach
2020
This paper explores the long‐run relationship and the associated short‐run dynamics between the U.S. stock market and three major macroeconomic fundamentals, namely the U.S. industrial production index, the U.S. 10‐year Treasury bond yield and the West Texas Intermediate oil price, for the time period covering 1985–2015. The quantile autoregressive distributed lag (QARDL) model presented by Cho et al. (2015) Journal of Econometrics, 188, 281–300, which combines the autoregressive distributed lag model of Pesaran and Shin (1998), Cambridge University Press, and Pesaran et al. (2001) Journal of Applied Econometrics, 16, 289–326, and the quantile regression methodology of Koenker and Bassett (…
Comparison of temperature–mortality associations using observed weather station and reanalysis data in 52 Spanish cities
2020
Abstract Background Most studies use temperature observation data from weather stations near the analyzed region or city as the reference point for the exposure-response association. Climatic reanalysis data sets have already been used for climate studies, but are not yet used routinely in environmental epidemiology. Methods We compared the mortality-temperature association using weather station temperature and ERA-5 reanalysis data for the 52 provincial capital cities in Spain, using time-series regression with distributed lag non-linear models. Results The shape of temperature distribution is very close between the weather station and ERA-5 reanalysis data (correlation from 0.90 to 0.99).…
Temperature in summer and children's hospitalizations in two Mediterranean cities
2016
Abstract Background and objective Children are potentially vulnerable to hot ambient temperature. However, the evidence on heat-related children's morbidity is still scarce. Our aim was to examine the association between temperatures in summer (May to September) and children's hospitalizations in two Mediterranean cities, Rome and Valencia, during the period 2001–2010. Methods Quasi-Poisson generalised additive models and distributed lag non-linear models were combined to study the relationship between daily mean temperature and hospital admissions for all natural, respiratory and gastrointestinal diseases in children under 15 years of age. Associations were summarised as the percentage of …
Evaluation of the ERA5 reanalysis-based Universal Thermal Climate Index on mortality data in Europe
2021
Air temperature has been the most commonly used exposure metric in assessing relationships between thermal stress and mortality. Lack of the high-quality meteorological station data necessary to adequately characterize the thermal environment has been one of the main limitations for the use of more complex thermal indices. Global climate reanalyses may provide an ideal platform to overcome this limitation and define complex heat and cold stress conditions anywhere in the world. In this study, we explored the potential of the Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) based on ERA5 – the latest global climate reanalysis from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) – as a h…
Distributed Leadership for Interconnected Worlds
2011
The technological advancements in the second half of the previous century generated the potential for participatory decision making in organizational and governmental institutions. Moreover, the digital networking environments on the Internet that enabled this type of decision making were accompanied by the emergence and establishment of on-line communities. Under this perspective, the range of communication mediated by ubiquitous computing allows problems, ideas, and suggestions of a spec ific nature to be considered when gathered into organizational and institutional virtual spaces. Within these spaces, the voices of individual customers, workers, organizational stakeholders, and/or citiz…
Distributed Learning Automata-based S-learning scheme for classification
2019
This paper proposes a novel classifier based on the theory of Learning Automata (LA), reckoned to as PolyLA. The essence of our scheme is to search for a separator in the feature space by imposing an LA-based random walk in a grid system. To each node in the grid, we attach an LA whose actions are the choices of the edges forming a separator. The walk is self-enclosing, and a new random walk is started whenever the walker returns to the starting node forming a closed classification path yielding a many-edged polygon. In our approach, the different LA attached to the different nodes search for a polygon that best encircles and separates each class. Based on the obtained polygons, we perform …
A resilient distributed measurement system for smart grid application
2020
Since the production of energy from renewable energy sources is strongly increasing, the migration from the classical electric grid toward the smart grid is becoming a reality. Distribution System Operators, along with the control of the entire network and its stability, need to address the security and the reliability of the communication channels and the data itself. In this paper a solution is proposed to address these issues. It is based on a distributed measurement system that relies on a wireless network as well as a redundant Power Line communication system in order to transfer the electrical measures to a centralized SCADA server. The collected data are used to run a power flow algo…
Tabu search with strategic oscillation for the quadratic minimum spanning tree
2014
The quadratic minimum spanning tree problem consists of determining a spanning tree that minimizes the sum of costs of the edges and pairs of edges in the tree. Many algorithms and methods have been proposed for this hard combinatorial problem, including several highly sophisticated metaheuristics. This article presents a simple Tabu Search (TS) for this problem that incorporates Strategic Oscillation (SO) by alternating between constructive and destructive phases. The commonalties shared by this strategy and the more recently introduced methodology called iterated greedy search are shown and implications of their differences regarding the use of memory structures are identified. Extensive …
Guided local search for the optimal communication spanning tree problem
2011
This paper considers the optimal communication spanning tree (OCST) problem. Previous work analyzed features of high-quality solutions. Consequently, integrating this knowledge into a metaheuristic increases its performance for the OCST problem. In this paper, we present a guided local search (GLS) approach which dynamically changes the objective function to guide the search process into promising areas. In contrast to traditional approaches which reward promising solution features by favoring edges with low weights pointing towards the tree's center, GLS penalizes low-quality edges with large weights that do not point towards the tree's center.
Smart Beam Element Approach for LRPH Device
2020
LRPH (Limited Resistance Rigid Perfectly Plastic Hinge) device is a special steel device mainly usable to join beam elements of plane or spatial steel frames covered by patent n. 102017000088597 at the Italian Ministry of Economic Development and identified in the International Patent System with the number PCT/IB2018/055766. In the framework of moment (rigid) connection, the main fundamental innovation of LRPH consists in the mutual independence of its own resistance and stiffness features. The device is constituted by a sequence of three steel elements of limited length bounded by two parallel steel plates joined up with the connected structure elements. The cross-sections of the three st…