Search results for "Disturbance"
showing 10 items of 232 documents
Pain and severe sleep disturbance in the general population: Primary data and meta-analysis from 240,820 people across 45 low- and middle-income coun…
2018
Objective:\ud Pain and sleep disturbances are widespread, and are an important cause of a reduced quality of life. Despite this, there is a paucity of multinational population data assessing the association between pain and sleep problems, particularly among low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Therefore, we investigated the relationship between pain and severe sleep disturbance across 45 LMICs.\ud \ud Method: \ud Community-based data on 240,820 people recruited via the World Health Survey were analyzed. Multivariable logistic regression analyses adjusted for multiple confounders were performed to quantify the association between pain and severe sleep problems in the last 30 days. A me…
Comparison of short-term light disturbance, optical and visual performance outcomes between a myopia control contact lens and a single-vision contact…
2020
Purpose To compare the optical and visual performance of a dual-focus (DF) contact lens used for myopia control with a single-vision (SV) contact lens of the same material. Methods A randomised, double-masked crossover study. Twenty-eight healthy, myopic volunteers between 18 and 32 years of age (23.49 +/- 4.07 years) participated in this study. The sensory dominant eye for distance vision was determined. Refraction, best-corrected visual acuity (VA) and aberrations for 3 mm and 5 mm pupil diameters were quantified without a contact lens in situ. Subjects were fitted with two contact lens designs: DF and SV, both made of omafilcon A material. The Quality of Vision (QoV) questionnaire, over-…
Relaxin in Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Relationship with Blood Pressure and Inflammatory Mediators
2015
<b><i>Background:</i></b> Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with nocturnal intermittent hypoxia, which may be responsible for increased circulating levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and inflammatory mediators, such as metalloproteinases (MMPs), and which contributes to the pathogenesis of systemic hypertension. Why some OSA patients remain normotensive is poorly understood. Relaxin-2, a pregnancy hormone, may sometimes circulate in men and could increase in hypoxic conditions. It exerts a vasodilatory activity and can modulate the release of molecules, such as MMPs and VEGF. <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> The objective o…
Prenatal adversity: a risk factor in borderline personality disorder?
2012
BackgroundPatients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) show a high prevalence of early adversity, such as childhood trauma. It has also been reported that prenatal adverse conditions, such as prenatal maternal stress, drug taking, tobacco smoking or medical complications, may be associated with an increased risk of mental disorders in the offspring. Prenatal adversity is investigated here for the first time as a potential risk factor in the diagnosis of BPD.MethodA total of 100 patients with a DSM-IV diagnosis of BPD and 100 matched healthy controls underwent semi-structured interviews about the course of pregnancy, maternal stressors, birth complications and childhood trauma. Furthe…
Anatomic Changes After Hyoid Suspension for Obstructive Sleep Apnea: An MRI Study
2005
Objective To assess the effects of isolated hyoid suspension on subjective and objective parameters of obstructive sleep apnea and to evaluate changes in upper airway anatomy with the help of standardized magnetic resonance imaging. Study design and setting Fifteen patients received isolated hyoid suspension. Changes in respiratory disturbance index were assessed with polysomnography, and anatomical changes with standardized magnetic resonance imaging. Snoring, daytime sleepiness, and functional parameters were assessed with questionnaires. Lateral x-ray cephalometry was performed preoperatively. Results Mean respiratory disturbance index was reduced from 35.2 ± 19.1 to 27.4 ± 26.2. Forty p…
Multilevel temperature-controlled radiofrequency therapy of soft palate, base of tongue, and tonsils in adults with obstructive sleep apnea.
2003
Objectives/hypothesis The concept of two-level pharyngeal collapse in patients with obstructive sleep apnea is too simplified. Aggressive multilevel surgeries addressing several airway segments, including skeletal surgery, demonstrate improved success rates. Study design The study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of multilevel radiofrequency application to soft palate, tonsils, and base of tongue in 16 white patients (mean age, 56.9 +/- 11.1 y; mean body mass index, 27.3 +/- 2.6 kg/m2) with obstructive sleep apnea. There was one dropout. Therapeutic effects after one treatment session were assessed 20.6 +/- 12.6 weeks postoperatively. Treatment outcome measurements were based on Ep…
Prognostic value of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide in elderly people with acute myocardial infarction: prospective observational study
2009
Objective To examine the influence of age on the predictive value of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic (NT-proBNP) peptide assay in acute myocardial infarction. Design Prospective observational study. Setting All intensive care units in one French region. Participants 3291 consecutive patients admitted for an acute myocardial infarction, from the RICO survey (a French regional survey for acute myocardial infarction). Main outcome measure Cardiovascular death at 1 year. Results Among the 3291 participants, mean age was 68 (SD 14) years and 2356 (72%) were men. In the study population, the median NT-proBNP concentration was 1053 (interquartile range 300-3472) pg/ml. Median values for age quart…
Breathe Right Nasal Strips and the Respiratory Disturbance Index in Sleep Related Breathing Disorders
1999
This investigation assesses the effects of Breathe Right nasal strips on the respiratory disturbance index (RDI) measured by polysomnography in patients suffering from obstructive sleep apnea and snoring. The positive effect of these strips on nasal ventilation was shown in earlier studies. Twenty-six patients with an RDI higher than 10 in an initial measurement underwent a second preoperative polysomnography with Breathe Right nasal strips in place. Nineteen of these 26 patients showed reduction of RDI during the second night of polysomnography using the nasal strips, indicating that nasal obstruction seems to be a predominant factor in the etiology of snoring and apnea in these individua…
Frovatriptan versus almotriptan for acute treatment of menstrual migraine: analysis of a double-blind, randomized, cross-over, multicenter, Italian, …
2012
The objective of the study was to compare the efficacy and safety of frovatriptan and almotriptan in women with menstrually related migraine (IHS Classification of Headache disorders) enrolled in a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, cross-over study. Patients received frovatriptan 2.5 mg or almotriptan 12.5 mg in a randomized sequence: after treating 3 episodes of migraine in no more than 3 months with the first treatment, the patient was switched to the other treatment. 67 of the 96 female patients of the intention-to-treat population of the main study had regular menstrual cycles and were thus included in this subgroup analysis. 77 migraine attacks classified as related to menses were…
Are under- and overweight female elite athletes thin and fat? A controlled study.
2012
Purpose: The study�s purpose was to relate body mass index (BMI) to body fat percentage as measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry in female elite athletes from different sports and nonathletic controls and to investigate what characterizes the athletes with unhealthy low and high body fat values. Methods: This study was conducted in three phases: 1) screening with a detailed questionnaire, 2) body composition measurement (dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry), and 3) clinical interview. All female elite athletes representing national teams at the junior or senior level age 13�39 yr (n = 938) and an age group�matched randomly selected population-based control group (n = 900) were invited t…