Search results for "Divergence"
showing 10 items of 257 documents
Driving organisational ambidexterity through process management. The key role of cultural change
2013
There is an intense debate in the literature on the impact of process management on innovation, and the division of opinions becomes particularly apparent with regard to radical innovation. Furthermore, organisational ambidexterity, the organisational capability to undertake incremental as well as radical innovation activities, has been underlined as a key source of competitiveness. In this article, we analyse how the cultural divergence driven by process management can affect organisational ambidexterity. Through a survey carried out on a sample of Spanish firms in the furniture and textile sectors, both of which have been drastically hit by competition from Asian firms, we conclude that t…
Splineapproximationen von beliebigem Defekt zur numerischen L�sung gew�hnlicher Differentialgleichungen. Teil III
1980
In the first part [5] a general procedure is presented to obtain polynomial spline approximations of arbitrary defect for the solution of the initial value problem of ordinary differential equations. The essential result is a divergence theorem in dependence of the polynomial degree and the defect of the spline functions. In this second part the convergent procedures are investigated and two convergence theorems are proved. Furthermore the question is treated, whether the convergent procedures are appropriate for the numerical solution of stiff equations. The paper is finished by a convergence theorem for a procedure producing spline approximations in a natural way by the discrete approxima…
Ranking-Oriented Collaborative Filtering: A Listwise Approach
2016
Collaborative filtering (CF) is one of the most effective techniques in recommender systems, which can be either rating oriented or ranking oriented. Ranking-oriented CF algorithms demonstrated significant performance gains in terms of ranking accuracy, being able to estimate a precise preference ranking of items for each user rather than the absolute ratings (as rating-oriented CF algorithms do). Conventional memory-based ranking-oriented CF can be referred to as pairwise algorithms. They represent each user as a set of preferences on each pair of items for similarity calculations and predictions. In this study, we propose ListCF, a novel listwise CF paradigm that seeks improvement in bot…
A Study of Computer Science Students' Ethical Attitudes and Its Implications to
2003
In this study I investigated 198 Finnish computer science students' attitudes concerning computer usage and professional practic e in computing to determine content for computer ethics education. Students were to analyse acceptability of individuals' behavi our in 23 cases. It is postulated that divergence of attitudes in cases lead students to present opposing viewpoints during smal l group discussions and thus to develop moral sensitivity and judgment in students. The following issues emerged in this study: cracking to computer systems, using a database of an employer for one's own purposes, honesty in client relationships, acknowled ging someone's contribution, keeping software without p…
An AFLP clock for the absolute dating of shallow-time evolutionary history based on the intraspecific divergence of southwestern European alpine plan…
2009
The dating of recent events in the history of organisms needs divergence rates based on molecular fingerprint markers. Here, we used amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs) of three distantly related alpine plant species co-occurring in the Spanish Sierra Nevada, the Pyrenees and the southwestern Alps/Massif Central to establish divergence rates. Within each of these species (Gentiana alpina, Kernera saxatilis and Silene rupestris), we found that the degree of AFLP divergence (D(N72)) between mountain phylogroups was significantly correlated with their time of divergence (as inferred from palaeoclimatic/palynological data), indicating constant AFLP divergence rates. As these rates d…
Probabilistic Logic under Coherence, Model-Theoretic Probabilistic Logic, and Default Reasoning
2001
We study probabilistic logic under the viewpoint of the coherence principle of de Finetti. In detail, we explore the relationship between coherence-based and model-theoretic probabilistic logic. Interestingly, we show that the notions of g-coherence and of g-coherent entailment can be expressed by combining notions in model-theoretic probabilistic logic with concepts from default reasoning. Crucially, we even show that probabilistic reasoning under coherence is a probabilistic generalization of default reasoning in system P. That is, we provide a new probabilistic semantics for system P, which is neither based on infinitesimal probabilities nor on atomic-bound (or also big-stepped) probabil…
A weak comparison principle for solutions of very degenerate elliptic equations
2012
We prove a comparison principle for weak solutions of elliptic quasilinear equations in divergence form whose ellipticity constants degenerate at every point where \(\nabla u\in K\), where \(K\subset \mathbb{R }^N\) is a Borel set containing the origin.
Estimates of Jacobians by subdeterminants
2002
Let ƒ: Ω → ℝn be a mapping in the Sobolev space W1,n−1(Ω,ℝn), n ≥ 2. We assume that the determinant of the differential matrix Dƒ (x) is nonnegative, while the cofactor matrix D#ƒ satisfies\(|D^\sharp f|^{\frac{n}{{n - 1}}} \in L^P (\Omega )\), where Lp(Ω) is an Orlicz space. We show that, under the natural Divergence Condition on P, see (1.10), the Jacobian lies in Lloc1 (Ω). Estimates above and below Lloc1 (Ω) are also studied. These results are stronger than the previously known estimates, having assumed integrability conditions on the differential matrix.
Unravelling the moderating effects of size and experience on product innovations and exports: a study in a medium knowledge-intensive industry
2012
This paper contributes to improve our knowledge on the important role of product innovation in export strategy by introducing the moderating effects of organizational variables. We argue that in a medium knowledge-intensive industry, these variables might strengthen the relationship between innovations and exports. Research on innovation and export strategy has addressed these issues increasingly during last decades; however, the divergence on the empirical approaches difficult the understanding of the linkages among variables, which are highly dependent on the industry technological characteristics. We carry out a time-lagged study using the literature-based innovation output (LBIO) method…
Regional Income Inequality in Spain 1860–2015
2018
How has regional economic inequality evolved since 1860? Is there a relationship between initial per-capita income and regional growth rates? Is there any relation between the evolution of regional inequality and the economic development process in Spain? In order to answer these questions, a number of different indicators of inequality are offered in this chapter. Then the patterns of convergence or divergence followed by Spanish regions from the mid-nineteenth century to the present are studied. Regional income inequality rose in the early stages of economic development and then declined. However, with high levels of development, around the 1980s, a change of trend is observed. In other w…