Search results for "Dog"
showing 10 items of 1087 documents
Population history in social spiders repeated: colony structure and lineage evolution inStegodyphus mimosarum(Eresidae)
2009
Social cooperative spiders from diverse taxonomic families share life-history and demographic traits, including highly inbred colony structure. The combination of traits suggests constrained pathways for social evolution in spiders. The genus Stegodyphus has three independently evolved social species, which can be used as replicate samples to analyse population constraints in evolutionary time. We tested colony structure and population history of the social S. mimosarum from South and East Africa using mitochondrial DNA variation, and we compared the results to published data for the independently evolved social congener S. dumicola. S. mimosarum had many and diverse haplotypes (5-7% sequen…
Missense variants in DPYSL5 cause a neurodevelopmental disorder with corpus callosum agenesis and cerebellar abnormalities
2021
International audience; The collapsin response mediator protein (CRMP) family proteins are intracellular mediators of neurotrophic factors regulating neurite structure/spine formation and are essential for dendrite patterning and directional axonal pathfinding during brain developmental processes. Among this family, CRMP5/DPYSL5 plays a significant role in neuronal migration, axonal guidance, dendrite outgrowth, and synapse formation by interacting with microtubules. Here, we report the identification of missense mutations in DPYSL5 in nine individuals with brain malformations, including corpus callosum agenesis and/or posterior fossa abnormalities, associated with variable degrees of intel…
Effect of ATP Binding and Hydrolysis on Dynamics of Canine Parvovirus NS1▿ †
2010
ABSTRACT The replication protein NS1 is essential for genome replication and protein production in parvoviral infection. Many of its functions, including recognition and site-specific nicking of the viral genome, helicase activity, and transactivation of the viral capsid promoter, are dependent on ATP. An ATP-binding pocket resides in the middle of the modular NS1 protein in a superfamily 3 helicase domain. Here we have identified key ATP-binding amino acid residues in canine parvovirus (CPV) NS1 protein and mutated amino acids from the conserved A motif (K406), B motif (E444 and E445), and positively charged region (R508 and R510). All mutations prevented the formation of infectious viruse…
Effect of Chlorhexidine on durability of two self-etch adhesive systems
2020
Background Despite of the rapid development in the field of dental adhesives, the issue of reduction in dentin bond durability has still not been resolved. The activity of dentinal endogenous enzymes such as MMPs is one of the most important causes of failure in resin composite restorations. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of Chlorhexidine on micro-tensile bond strength of two types of commercially available self-etch adhesives. Material and Methods Twenty four sound and freshly extracted molars were selected. Four standardized flat mid-coronal dentinal disks were prepared from each tooth. The specimens were randomly assigned to 6 groups (n=16). Groups A(control group…
Reconstructing the ancestor of Mycobacterium leprae: The dynamics of gene loss and genome reduction
2007
We have reconstructed the gene content and order of the last common ancestor of the human pathogens Mycobacterium leprae and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. During the reductive evolution of M. leprae, 1537 of 2977 ancestral genes were lost, among which we found 177 previously unnoticed pseudogenes. We find evidence that a massive gene inactivation took place very recently in the M. leprae lineage, leading to the loss of hundreds of ancestral genes. A large proportion of their nucleotide content (∼89%) still remains in the genome, which allowed us to characterize and date them. The age of the pseudogenes was computed using a new methodology based on the rates and patterns of substitution in the…
Lipid profiling following intake of the Omega 3 fatty acid DHA identifies the peroxidized metabolites F-4-Neuroprostanes as the best predictors of at…
2014
International audience; The anti-atherogenic effects of omega 3 fatty acids, namely eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acids (DHA) are well recognized but the impact of dietary intake on bioactive lipid mediat or profiles remains unclear. Such a profiling effort may offer novel targets for future studies into the mechanism of action of omega 3 fatty acids. The present study aimed to determine the impact of DHA supplementation on the profiles of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) oxygenated metabolites and to investigate their contribution to therosclerosis prevention. A special emphasis was given to the non-enzymatic metabolites knowing the high susceptibility of DHA to free radical…
The impact of in-situ balloon occlusion of the renal artery and hypothermic perfusion on renal blood flow
1978
Unilateral renal blood flow was evaluated in-situ in 13 dogs by cineangiodensitometry and microsphere distribution studies before and after intermittent balloon occlusion with and without hypothermic perfusion of one kidney. The contralateral kidney served as control. No significant difference in renal blood flow and vascular resistance was noted before, and 5, 30 and 60 minutes after unilateral intra-arterial manipulation. Compartmental flow distribution studies in 5 dogs revealed no evidence of alteration of intra-renal haemodynamics. In a clinical pilot study, unilateral renal blood flow measured by cineangiodensitometry showed no change of clinical significance 5 and 60 minutes after in…
Electrophysiological Analysis of Effects of Exogenous and Endogenous Adenosine in Hippocampal Slices
1988
Little doubt remains that adenosine serves a modulatory role in the nervous system (Sattin and Rail, 1970; Shimizu and Daly, 1970; Fredholm and Hedqvist, 1980; Phillis and Wu, 1981; Stone, 1981; Daly et al., 1984; Dunwiddie, 1985). While electrophysiologically active concentrations of adenosine have been found in the extracellular fluid, the source and control of the levels of this active adenosine are unclear. There are indications that adenosine is released (or coreleased) from synaptic endings, fulfilling a typical transmitter role (Burnstock, 1975, 1981; Nagy et al., 1986). A synaptic hyperpolarization in autonomic neurons has been identified as an adenosine-mediated potential (Akasu et…
Endogenous and exogenous nitric oxide inhibits norepinephrine release from rat heart sympathetic nerves.
1995
Abstract This study was designed to elucidate whether nitric oxide (NO) controls norepinephrine (NE) release from sympathetic nerves of the rat heart. Hearts were perfused in the Langendorff mode with Tyrode’s solution. The right sympathetic nerve was stimulated with trains of 1 or 3 Hz and NE release was measured. The NO synthase (NOS) inhibitor N G -nitro- l -arginine (L-NNA) enhanced the evoked NE release in a concentration-dependent manner. This facilitation was independent of the increase in perfusion pressure and was stereospecifically reversed by l -arginine but not d -arginine. Another NOS inhibitor, N G -methyl- l -arginine, produced a similar increase in NE release. The NO-donor …
Applying polygenic risk scoring for psychiatric disorders to a large family with bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder
2018
Psychiatric disorders are thought to have a complex genetic pathology consisting of interplay of common and rare variation. Traditionally, pedigrees are used to shed light on the latter only, while here we discuss the application of polygenic risk scores to also highlight patterns of common genetic risk. We analyze polygenic risk scores for psychiatric disorders in a large pedigree (n ~ 260) in which 30% of family members suffer from major depressive disorder or bipolar disorder. Studying patterns of assortative mating and anticipation, it appears increased polygenic risk is contributed by affected individuals who married into the family, resulting in an increasing genetic risk over generat…