Search results for "Dose rate"

showing 10 items of 65 documents

SU-E-T-467: Monte Carlo Dosimetric Study of the New Flexisource Co-60 High Dose Rate Source.

2017

Recently, a new HDR 60Co brachytherapy source, Flexisource Co-60, has been developed (Nucletron B.V.). This study aims to obtain quality dosimetric data for this source for its use in clinical practice as required by AAPM and ESTRO.Penelope2008 and GEANT4 Monte Carlo codes were used to dosimetrically characterize this source. Water composition and mass density was that recommended by AAPM. Due to the high energy of the 60Co, dose for small distances cannot be approximated by collisional kerma. Therefore, we have considered absorbed dose to water for r0.75 cm and collisional kerma from 0.75r20 cm. To provide adequate spatial resolution, cells were 0.01 cm in thickness for r2 cm from the sour…

PhysicsHigh energybusiness.industrymedicine.medical_treatmentMonte Carlo methodBrachytherapyGeneral MedicineComputational physicsWater compositionKermaAbsorbed dosemedicineDosimetryDose rateNuclear medicinebusinessMedical physics
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Monte Carlo calculation of dose rate distributions around 192Ir wires.

1997

Monte Carlo calculations of absolute dose rate in liquid water are presented in the form of away-along tables for 1 and 5 cm 192 Ir wires of 0.3 mm diameter. Simulated absolute dose rate values can be used as benchmark data to verify the calculation results of treatment planning systems or directly as input data for treatment planning. Best fit value of attenuation coefficient suitable for use in Sievert-integrals-type calculations has been derived based on Monte Carlo calculation results. For the treatment planning systems that are based on TG43 formalism we have also calculated the required dosimetry parameters.

PhysicsLiquid waterRadiotherapy Planning Computer-AssistedMonte Carlo methodBrachytherapyBiophysicsRadiotherapy DosageGeneral MedicineReference StandardsIridium RadioisotopesBiophysical PhenomenaComputational physicsEvaluation Studies as TopicAttenuation coefficientNeoplasmsDynamic Monte Carlo methodDosimetryHumansComputer SimulationStatistical physicsBenchmark dataDose rateMonte Carlo MethodMedical physics
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Transit dose comparisons for60Co and192Ir HDR sources

2016

The goal of this study is to evaluate the ambient dose due to the transit of high dose rate (HDR) 60Co sources along a transfer tube as compared to 192Ir ones in a realistic clinical scenario. This goal is accomplished by evaluating air-kerma differences with Monte Carlo calculations using PENELOPE2011. Scatter from both the afterloader and the patient was not taken into account. Two sources, mHDR-v2 and Flexisource Co-60, (Elekta Brachytherapy, Veenendaal, the Netherlands) have been considered. These sources were simulated within a standard transfer tube located in an infinite air phantom. The movement of the source was included by displacing their positions along the connecting tube from …

PhysicsMedical staffmedicine.medical_treatmentBrachytherapyMonte Carlo methodPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthGeneral MedicineImaging phantom030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingComputational physics03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicine030220 oncology & carcinogenesisTransfer (computing)medicineDose rateWaste Management and DisposalTransit (satellite)Clinical scenarioJournal of Radiological Protection
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Dosimetric characterization of Ir-192 LDR elongated sources

2008

Ir-192 wires have been used in low-dose-rate brachytherapy for many years. Commercially available treatment planning systems approximate the dose rate distribution of the straight or curved wires applying the superposition principle using one of the following methods: (i) The wire is modeled as a set of point sources, (ii) the wire is modeled as a set of small straight segment wires, (iii) the values of the parameters and functions of the American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM) Task Group 43 protocol are obtained for wire lengths between 3 and 7 cm assuming some simplifications. The dose rate distributions obtained using these methods for linear wires of different lengths and …

PhysicsPhotonbusiness.industrymedicine.medical_treatmentMonte Carlo methodBrachytherapyStraight segmentGeneral MedicineComputational physicsSuperposition principlemedicineDosimetryDose rateNuclear medicinebusinessAnisotropyMedical Physics
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Monte Carlo calculation of dose rate distributions around the Walstam CDC.K-type137Cs sources

2001

Basic dosimetric data for the Walstam CDC.K-type low dose rate 137Cs sources in water have been calculated using Monte Carlo techniques. These sources, CDC.K1 -K3 and CDC.K4, are widely used in a range of applicators and moulds for the treatment of intracavitary and superficial cancers. Our purpose is to improve existing data about these sources using the Monte Carlo simulation code GEANT3. Absolute dose rate distributions in water have been calculated around these sources and are presented as conventional 2D Cartesian look-up tables. Also the AAPM Task Group 43 formalism for dose calculation has been applied. The calculated dose rate constant for the CDC.K1-K3 source is A = 1.106 +/- 0.001…

PhysicsPolynomial regressionModels StatisticalRadiological and Ultrasound TechnologyRadiotherapy Planning Computer-AssistedMonte Carlo methodSievert integrallaw.inventionComputational physicsCesium RadioisotopeslawAnisotropyHumansDosimetryRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingCartesian coordinate systemStatistical physicsLow dose rateRadiometryDose rateAnisotropyMonte Carlo MethodAlgorithmsSoftwarePhysics in Medicine and Biology
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Monte Carlo dosimetry of the Buchler high dose rate 192Ir source.

2001

In this study a complete set of dosimetric data is presented for the high dose rate (HDR) source from Amersham used in the Buchler remote afterloading HDR unit. These data have been calculated by means of the Monte Carlo simulation code GEANT taking into account the detailed geometry of the source. Absolute dose rate distributions in water were calculated around this source and are presented as conventional 2D Cartesian look-up tables. All dosimetric quantities recommended by the AAPM Task Group 43 report have been calculated. Quantities determined are: dose rate constant, radial dose function, anisotropy function, anisotropy factor and anisotropy constant. The dose rate distributions of th…

PhysicsRadiological and Ultrasound Technologymedicine.medical_treatmentPhysics::Medical PhysicsMonte Carlo methodBrachytherapyBrachytherapyRadiotherapy DosageFunction (mathematics)Equipment DesignIridium Radioisotopeslaw.inventionComputational physicslawmedicineDosimetryAnisotropyRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingCartesian coordinate systemAnisotropyConstant (mathematics)Dose rateMonte Carlo MethodSimulationPhysics in medicine and biology
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Dosimetry characteristics of the Plus and 12i Gammamed PDR 192Ir sources.

2001

In this study a complete set of dosimetric data for the Plus and 12i Gammamed PDR (pulsed dose rate) 192 Ir sources is presented. These data have been calculated using the Monte Carlo simulation code GEANT3. Absolute dose rate distributions in water around these sources were calculated and are presented in form of conventional two dimensional (2D) Cartesian look-up tables. All dosimetric quantities recommended by the AAPM Task Group 43 report have been also calculated. These quantities are dose rate constant, radial dose function, anisotropy function and anisotropy factor. The dose rate distribution of the 12i source was compared with the corresponding data for the microselectron PDR source…

PhysicsTask groupbusiness.industrymedicine.medical_treatmentAirPhysics::Medical PhysicsBrachytherapyMonte Carlo methodPulsed dose rateWaterGeneral MedicineFunction (mathematics)Iridium RadioisotopesComputational physicsmedicineDosimetryAnisotropyParticle AcceleratorsDose rateAnisotropyNuclear medicinebusinessRadiometryMonte Carlo MethodMedical physics
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A generic high-dose rate192Ir brachytherapy source for evaluation of model-based dose calculations beyond the TG-43 formalism

2015

Purpose: In order to facilitate a smooth transition for brachytherapy dose calculations from the American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM) Task Group No. 43 (TG-43) formalism to model-b ...

PhysicsTask groupmedicine.medical_specialtyDose calculationmedicine.medical_treatmentBrachytherapyGeneral MedicineBrachytherapy sourceComputational physicsFormalism (philosophy of mathematics)Medical imagingmedicineDosimetryMedical physicsDose rateMedical Physics
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SU-F-T-13: Transit Dose Comparisons for Co-60 and Ir-192 HDR Sources

2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to compare the transit dose due to the movement of high dose rate (HDR) Ir-192 and Co-60 sources along the transfer tube. This is performed by evaluating air-kerma differences in the vicinity of the transfer tube when both sources are moved with the same velocity from a HDR brachytherapy afterloader into a patient. Methods: Monte Carlo simulations have been performed using PENELOPE2014. mHDR-v2 and Flexisource sources have been considered. Collisional kerma has been scored. The sources were simulated within a plastic catheter located in an infinite air phantom. The movement of the seed was included by displacing their positions along the connecting cath…

PhysicsWorking lifebusiness.industrymedicine.medical_treatmentMonte Carlo methodBrachytherapyGeneral MedicineImaging phantomComputational physicsKermamedicineDosimetryNuclear medicinebusinessDose rateTransit (satellite)Medical Physics
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Dosimetric characteristics of the CDC-type miniature cylindrical 137Cs brachytherapy sources

2002

The low dose rate CDC-type miniature cylindrical 137 Cs sources are available, with one or three active beads, for use in source trains in automatic and manual afterloading systems for gynecological brachytherapy. Absolute dose rate distributions in water have been calculated around these sources using the Monte CarloGEANT3 code and they are presented as conventional two-dimensional Cartesian lookup tables. The AAPM Task Group 43 formalism for dose calculation has been also applied. The dose rate constant obtained for the one bead source is Λ=1.113±0.003 cGyh −1 U −1 , and the value for the three bead source is Λ=1.103±0.003 cGyh −1 U −1 . Finally, for the treatment planning systems based o…

Physicsbusiness.industryAirRadiotherapy Planning Computer-Assistedmedicine.medical_treatmentAttenuationBrachytherapyMonte Carlo methodBrachytherapyGeneral MedicineComputational physicslaw.inventionlawLookup tablemedicineDosimetryCartesian coordinate systemRadiometryRadiation treatment planningDose rateNuclear medicinebusinessMonte Carlo MethodAlgorithmsMedical Physics
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