Search results for "Dox"

The Link between Oxidative Stress, Redox Status, Bioenergetics and Mitochondria in the Pathophysiology of ALS

2021

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is the most common neurodegenerative disease of the motor system. It is characterized by the degeneration of both upper and lower motor neurons, which leads to muscle weakness and paralysis. ALS is incurable and has a bleak prognosis, with median survival of 3–5 years after the initial symptomatology. In ALS, motor neurons gradually degenerate and die. Many features of mitochondrial dysfunction are manifested in neurodegenerative diseases, including ALS. Mitochondria have shown to be an early target in ALS pathophysiology and contribute to disease progression. Disruption of their axonal transport, excessive generation of reactive oxygen species, disruptio…

Poloxamer/sodium cholate co-formulation for micellar encapsulation of Doxorubicin with high efficiency for intracellular delivery: an in-vitro bioava…

2020

Abstract Hypothesis Doxorubicin hydrochloride (DX) is widely used as a chemotherapeutic agent, though its severe side-effects limit its clinical use. A way to overcome these limitations is to increase DX latency through encapsulation in suitable carriers. However, DX has a high solubility in water, hindering encapsulation. The formulation of DX with sodium cholate (NaC) will reduce aqueous solubility through charge neutralization and hydrophobic interactions thus facilitating DX encapsulation into poloxamer (F127) micelles, increasing drug latency. Experiments DX/NaC/PEO-PPO-PEO triblock copolymer (F127) formulations with high DX content (DX-PMs) have been prepared and characterized by scat…

Electronic aspects of the hydride transfer mechanism. Ab initio analytical gradient studies of the cyclopropenyl‐cation/lithium hydride model reactan…

1985

The electronic mechanisms of a model hydride transfer reaction are theoretically studied with ab inito RHF and UHF SCF MO procedures at the 4‐31G basis set level and analytical gradient methods. The model system describes the reduction of cyclopropenyl cation to cyclopropene by the oxidation of lithium hydride to lithium cation. The molecular fragments corresponding to the asymptotic reactive channels characterizing the stepwise mechanisms currently discussed in the literature have been characterized. The binding energy between the fragments is estimated within a simple electrostatic approximate scheme. The results show that a hydride‐ion mechanism is a likely pathway for this particular sy…

Placing metal micronutrients in context: transport and distribution in plants

2008

Plants have developed finely tuned mechanisms to efficiently acquire and balance the concentrations of essential metal micronutrients including iron, zinc, copper, and manganese, both at the cellular and systemic levels. The application of new emerging technologies to the study of Arabidopsis thaliana is providing a novel spatiotemporal view of plant metal homeostasis. These advances are uncovering unexpected links of metal homeostasis to central cellular processes, such as compartmentalization, daily redox oscillations, or transcriptional regulation. The intracellular compartmentalization of metals seems essential for optimizing the use of micronutrients during development and in response …

Osteonecrosis in Hodgkin lymphoma treated by BEACOPP

2018

Zur Beeinflussung dekarboxylase-abh�ngiger Stoffwechselst�rungen durch Pyridoxal-5-phosphat

1966

The selective estrogen receptor modulator, bazedoxifene, reduces ischemic brain damage in male rat

2014

While the estrogen treatment of stroke is under debate, selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) arise as a promising alternative. We hypothesize that bazedoxifene (acetate, BZA), a third generation SERM approved for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis, reduces ischemic brain damage in a rat model of transient focal cerebral ischemia. For comparative purposes, the neuroprotective effect of 17β-estradiol (E2) has also been assessed. Male Wistar rats underwent 60min middle cerebral artery occlusion (intraluminal thread technique), and grouped according to treatment: vehicle-, E2- and BZA-treated rats. Optimal plasma concentrations of E2 (45.6±7.8pg/ml) and BZA (20.7±2.1ng/ml) w…

Carbonyl reductase 1 is a predominant doxorubicin reductase in the human liver.

2008

A first step in the enzymatic disposition of the antineoplastic drug doxorubicin (DOX) is the reduction to doxorubicinol (DOX-OL). Because DOX-OL is less antineoplastic but more cardiotoxic than the parent compound, the individual rate of this reaction may affect the antitumor effect and the risk of DOX-induced heart failure. Using purified enzymes and human tissues we determined enzymes generating DOX-OL and interindividual differences in their activities. Human tissues express at least two DOX-reducing enzymes. High-clearance organs (kidney, liver, and the gastrointestinal tract) express an enzyme with an apparent Km of approximately 140 microM. Of six enzymes found to reduce DOX, Km valu…

Cobalt Electrolyte/Dye Interactions in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells: A Combined Computational and Experimental Study

2012

We report a combined experimental and computational investigation to understand the nature of the interactions between cobalt redox mediators and TiO2 surfaces sensitized by :ruthenium and organic dyes, and their impact on. the performance of the corresponding dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). We : focus: on different ruthenium dyes and fully organic dyes, to understand the dramatic loss of efficiency observed for the prototype Ru(II) N719 dye in conjunction with :Cobalt: electrolytes. Both N719- and Z907-based DSSCs showed an increased lifetime in iodine-based electrolyte compared to the cobalt-based redox-shuttle; While the organic D21L6 and D25L6 cycles endowed.With long alkoxy chains,…

Activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related (Nrf2) system as a novel therapeutic approach in COPD

2019

Background: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is an inflammatory lung disease caused by chronic exposure to cigarette smoke. Oxidative stress is one of the most important mechanisms involved in the physiopathology of COPD. Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-related (Nrf2) is critical in protection against oxidative stress by inducing expression of antioxidant genes and a decrease in its expression has been observed in COPD patients. Objective: The aim of this study was to characterise the effects of Bardoxolone, Omavexolone and Obacunone as antioxidant drugs in COPD. Methods: Peripheral blood neutrophils from COPD and healthy volunteers and Primary Human Bronchial Epithelial cells were i…