Search results for "Drift"
showing 10 items of 321 documents
Precambrian crustal evolution and continental drift
1981
One of the major questions of Precambrian research is whether present-day plate tectonic models can be applied to the evolution of the ancient continental crust or whether the tectonic style suggests a unidirectional and therefore non-uniformitarian development in response to gradual changes in the global thermal regime through time.
The effect of inbreeding rate on fitness, inbreeding depression and heterosis over a range of inbreeding coefficients
2014
Understanding the effects of inbreeding and genetic drift within populations and hybridization between genetically differentiated populations is important for many basic and applied questions in ecology and evolutionary biology. The magnitudes and even the directions of these effects can be influenced by various factors, especially by the current and historical population size (i.e. inbreeding rate). Using Drosophila littoralis as a model species, we studied the effect of inbreeding rate over a range of inbreeding levels on (i) mean fitness of a population (relative to that of an outbred control population), (ii) within‐population inbreeding depression (reduction in fitness of offspring fro…
Molecular surveillance of norovirus, 2005–16 : an epidemiological analysis of data collected from the NoroNet network
2018
BACKGROUND: The development of a vaccine for norovirus requires a detailed understanding of global genetic diversity of noroviruses. We analysed their epidemiology and diversity using surveillance data from the NoroNet network.METHODS: We included genetic sequences of norovirus specimens obtained from outbreak investigations and sporadic gastroenteritis cases between 2005 and 2016 in Europe, Asia, Oceania, and Africa. We genotyped norovirus sequences and analysed sequences that overlapped at open reading frame (ORF) 1 and ORF2. Additionally, we assessed the sampling date and country of origin of the first reported sequence to assess when and where novel drift variants originated.FINDINGS: W…
To join or not to join? Insights from coopetitive RD&I projects
2022
Multipartner research, development and innovation (RD&I) projects are increasingly used to achieve complex innovation goals and keep pace with today's technological imperatives. The involvement of both competing and noncompeting partners increases the complexity of the relationships and poses a challenge to the outcomes of such projects. Therefore, the right choice of partners is particularly important in this context. Although previous research has mainly examined how focal firms deliberately select collaborative partners, this study demonstrates how non-focal firms evaluate invitations to participate in RD&I projects with multiple partners and direct competitors. Going beyond …
Knowledge transfer mechanisms in franchise network
2020
PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the use of knowledge transfer (KT) mechanisms in a franchise network.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses qualitative and grounded theory techniques to collect and analyze data from a franchise network based in Africa. This approach enables the triangulation of data from different sources including field visits, observation, interviews and company reports.FindingsThe findings suggest that training is the most preferred mechanisms for transferring localized knowledge. The results highlight the importance of identifying franchisees’ training needs for transferring relevant knowledge according to experience and market profile of franchis…
A novel experimental system for the KDK measurement of the 40K decay scheme relevant for rare event searches
2020
Potassium-40 ($^{40}$K) is a long-lived, naturally occurring radioactive isotope. The decay products are prominent backgrounds for many rare event searches, including those involving NaI-based scintillators. $^{40}$K also plays a role in geochronological dating techniques. The branching ratio of the electron capture directly to the ground state of argon-40 has never been measured, which can cause difficulty in interpreting certain results or can lead to lack of precision depending on the field and analysis technique. The KDK (Potassium (K) Decay (DK)) collaboration is measuring this decay. A composite method has a silicon drift detector with an enriched, thermally deposited $^{40}$K source …
Organisasjonslæring og innovasjon i Nøsted Kjetting AS
2014
Masteroppgave i industriell økonomi og teknologiledelse IND 590 Universitetet i Agder 2014 Norsk industri er stadig i nedgang. Etter oljeproduksjonens begynnelse på starten av 1970 tallet har antall arbeidsplasser i industrien sunket drastisk. Dette kommer blandt annet av et stadig økende kostnadsnivå og økt internasjonal konkurranse. Til tross for dette så har en liten kjettingprodusent fra Mandal klart å overkomme alle hindringer, og er i dag norges eneste gjenlevende kjettingprodusent. Deres 75 år lange historie består av mange oppturer og nedturer. Etter bedriftens oppstart i 1939 hadde de en stor utvikling de første 30 årene. De automatiserte og ekspanderte, og ble etterhvert en av nor…
Pleistocene allopatric differentiation followed by recent range expansion explains the distribution and molecular diversity of two congeneric crustac…
2021
AbstractPleistocene glaciations had a tremendous impact on the biota across the Palaearctic, resulting in strong phylogeographic signals of range contraction and rapid postglacial recolonization of the deglaciated areas. Here, we explore the diversity patterns and history of two sibling species of passively dispersing taxa typical of temporary ponds, fairy shrimps (Anostraca). We combine mitochondrial (COI) and nuclear (ITS2 and 18S) markers to conduct a range-wide phylogeographic study including 56 populations of Branchinecta ferox and Branchinecta orientalis in the Palaearctic. Specifically, we investigate whether their largely overlapping ranges in Europe resulted from allopatric differe…
International Franchising Governance Modes : An Emerging Market Perspective
2021
Paper I, Paper III, og Paper IV are not published yet. Paper IV was excluded from the dissertation with respect to copyright. This dissertation analyzes the governance mode choice of Brazilian franchisors expanding their operations abroad. The purpose is to understand which aspects influence the international governance mode choice from an emerging market franchisor standpoint. Four papers were developed. The first article offers an in-depth analysis of franchising literature in emerging and developing markets using bibliometric techniques. The following three articles address different theoretical lenses to provide a comprehensive understanding of a multidimensional decision-making process…
Genetic structure of Cirsium palustre (Asteraceae) and its role in host diversification of Tephritis conura (Diptera: Tephritidae)
2008
Whether or not a host plant is incorporated into a phytophagous insect's diet depends on both the insect's ability to colonize the novel host and the host plant's susceptibility to the insect. The latter, again, will be influenced by the genetic structure of the host plant. Cirsium palustre (marsh thistle) is heavily infested by the tephritid fly Tephritis conura in northern Britain, whereas infestation is not only absent in southern England, but also absent on the European continent where T. conura is common on other Cirsium. To understand why regional infestation patterns evolve, we studied how genetic structure and phylogeographic ancestry of C. palustre are related to the probability of…