Search results for "Drogoaddicció"
showing 8 items of 8 documents
Crosstalk between Mu-Opioid receptors and neuroinflammation: Consequences for drug addiction and pain
2022
Mu-Opioid Receptors (MORs) are well-known for participating in analgesia, sedation, drug addiction, and other physiological functions. Although MORs have been related to neuroinflammation their biological mechanism remains unclear. It is suggested that MORs work alongside Toll-Like Receptors to enhance the release of pro-inflammatory mediators and cytokines during pathological conditions. Some cytokines, including TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6, have been postulated to regulate MORs levels by both avoiding MOR recycling and enhancing its production. In addition, Neurokinin-1 Receptor, also affected during neuroinflammation, could be regulating MOR trafficking. Therefore, inflammation in the central …
Modelos teóricos de prevención en toxicomanías: una propuesta de clasificación
1993
El propósito del presente trabajo consiste en describir y examinar los principales modelos propuestos y vigentes en el ámbito de las toxicomanías, desde el punto de vista de sus implicaciones con respecto a la prevención del uso y abuso de sustancias. Ofrecemos una propuesta de clasificación en la que se incluyen el modelo médico, el modelo jurídico, el modelo de la distribución del consumo, el modelo sociológico, el modelo sociocultural, el modelo psicosocial y el modelo ecológico. Analizamos las principales directrices teóricas en cada uno de ellos, teniendo en cuenta su modo de conceptualización del consumo y del consumidor individual, así como la interpretación ofrecida con respecto a l…
Motivos de abandono temprano de pacientes en tratamiento ambulatorio de adicción a sustancias
2016
The difficulties involved in continuing with the drug treatment offered by specialised public services lead to a considerable rate of premature abandon. Objective: the aim of this work is to learn the patients' reasons for abandoning their addiction treatment prematurely, and to establish relations with sociodemographic, administrative and clinical factors. Method: a transversal, observational and descriptive study, in a pubic therapeutic centre, via a phone interview of a sample of 92 patients selected with an intentional sampling method. The patients' clinical records were consulted in order to compile data on independent variables. Contingency tables were used for qualitative variables a…
Hepatitis C Crónica y usuarios con un historial de inyección de drogas en España: evaluación de la población, retos para un tratamiento efectivo.
2017
La hepatitis C cronica (HCC) es una enfermedad de desigualdad que afecta desproporcionadamente a las personas desatendidas por la salud publica. Personas con antecedentes de uso de opioides o uso de drogas por via parenteral (UDVP) se enfrentan a desigualdad y estigma. Un historia previa de inyeccion de drogas es un comportamiento que incrementa el riesgo de contraer el VHC. Hay una gran incidencia de HCC entre las personas se inyectan drogas. Hay mas de 300,000 personas en Espana que actualmente se inyectan drogas o tienen antecedentes. Hay 150,000 personas en Espana con un historial trastorno de uso de opioides y la mayoria son UDVP o ex UDVP. Aproximadamente 80,000 personas usan los serv…
A investigação sobre Toxicodependências em Portugal: produtividade, colaboração científica, grupos de trabalho e âmbitos de investigação abordados
2009
O objectivo do presente trabalho é o de apresentar uma visão actualizada do estado de desenvolvimento da investigação científica portuguesa sobre o Abuso de Substâncias, recorrendo a metodologias analíticas aplicadas à literatura científica. Foi realizada, para tal, uma análise bibliométrica e de redes sociais que caracteriza a produtividade, o grau de colaboração e o impacto das investigações científicas no período que decorre entre os anos de 2002 e 2006, identificando os principais grupos existentes na área e os âmbitos temáticos de investigação abordados. A produção científica é analisada tanto no plano interno como no internacional. São identificadas algumas limitações do estudo, como …
Factors associated with substance use among Spanish military personnel involved in 'Bosnia-Herzegovina'
2017
The use of both legal and illegal drugs has rarely been investigated among the Spanish military population involved in multinational military operations. The aim of the current study was to examine the consumption of drugs by Spanish military personnel in Bosnia-Herzegovina, and the variables associated with such substance use. A total of 605 military personnel participated in the cross-sectional study. The participants' mean age was 25.9 years (SD = 5.9), and 93.9% of the sample was male. The majority of the participants were enlisted personnel (83.5%). The most widely used drugs were tobacco (54.2%), and alcohol (39.9%). With respect to illegal drugs, the results showed that the drug with…
Trastorno mental y tipo de sustancia consumida: estudio piloto sobre la utilización de la Entrevista de Cribado de Patología Dual (ECDD)
2017
Introduction: Dual pathology defines an illness case when a substance abuse disorder and a mental disorder simultaneously affect an individual patient. Both disorders influence each other, mutually, that its recommended what recommends to treat them together. Objective: to analyse the psychopatologic character and its association with different types of substances, evaluated through the Dual Pathology Screening interview (ECDD). Method: the participants were 63 patients between 18 and 45 years, with an average age of 37.7 years (SD = 9.6), assisted in the Unit of Addictive Behaviours of a Valencia town. The sociodemographic variables, clinical and toxycologic, were evaluated through the que…
Compensatory and mimetic conditioned responses to effects of heroin in addicted persons
2006
Study 1: The aim of this study was to analyze in persons detoxified of heroin, compensatory conditioned responses (CCRs) that are opposite to the unconditioned physiological, and subjective effects that are induced by this substance. The procedure consisted in presenting slides with images of neutral stimuli (NSs) and conditioned stimuli (CSs) of heroin to both non-addicted and detoxified addicted persons. The evaluated responses were heart rate (HR) and desire for heroin (DH). Study 2: The aim was to facilitate the emission of mimetic conditioned responses (MCRs) to the unconditioned physiological, and subjective effects of heroin in detoxified heroin addicts. Three different stimulus seri…