Search results for "Drogues"
showing 9 items of 29 documents
The contribution of cannabis use to variation in the incidence of psychotic disorder across Europe (EU-GEI): a multicentre case-control study.
2019
Background: Cannabis use is associated with increased risk of later psychotic disorder but whether it affects incidence of the disorder remains unclear. We aimed to identify patterns of cannabis use with the strongest effect on odds of psychotic disorder across Europe and explore whether differences in such patterns contribute to variations in the incidence rates of psychotic disorder. Methods: We included patients aged 18–64 years who presented to psychiatric services in 11 sites across Europe and Brazil with first-episode psychosis and recruited controls representative of the local populations. We applied adjusted logistic regression models to the data to estimate which patterns of canna…
Ayahuasca: farmacología, efectos agudos, potencial terapéutico y rituales
2015
La ayahuasca es una preparación botánica alucinógena compuesta de Banisteriopsis caapi y Psychotria viridis que, tradicionalmente, ha sido consumida por grupos indígenas de la Amazonia. Este brebaje contiene el agonista serotoninérgico N,N-dimetiltriptamina (DMT) y alcaloides inhibidores de la monoaminooxidasa (IMAO) (harmina, harmalina y tetrahidroharmina). La literatura científica hasta el momento sugiere que la administración o ingesta aguda de la ayahuasca no es mal tolerada, incluso en aquellos casos en los que se ha registrado un uso crónico de la misma, no habiéndose informado sobre toxicidad en ningún estudio en humanos. No obstante, teniendo en cuenta la limitación del uso de una m…
Drogas legales emergentes: marihuana sintética, kratom, salvia divinorum, metoxetamina y los derivados de la piperazina
2015
A pesar de su amplia oferta y disponibilidad a través de internet, muchas de las drogas de abuso emergentes siguen siendo desconocidas para un gran número de médicos y profesionales sanitarios. Las alternativas herbales a la marihuana (también conocidas como marihuana sintética), tales como el K2 o el spice, son un grupo de hierbas que contienen una mezcla de materia vegetal además de cannabinoides de origen sintético. El Kratom, es un producto vegetal derivado de Mitragyna speciosa Korth que tiene efectos similares a los de los opioides, y que se emplea para el tratamiento del dolor crónico y el alivio de los síntomas de retirada de los opiáceos. La Salvia divinorum es un alucinógeno con u…
Risk Factors and treatment needs of batterer intervention program participants with substance abuse problems
2021
espanolEl objetivo de este estudio fue identificar los principales factores de riesgo y necesidades de tratamiento de los participantes en un programa de intervencion con maltratadores (BIP) con problemas de abuso de alcohol y/o drogas (ADAP), mas alla de sus problemas de abuso de substancias, teniendo en cuenta cuatro conjuntos de variables: sociodemograficas (i.e., edad, nivel educativo, ingresos, empleo y estatus de inmigrante), trastornos de personalidad y ajuste psicologico (i.e., sintomatologia clinica, trastornos de personalidad, ira, impulsividad y autoestima), variables socio-relacionales (i.e., apoyo comunitario, apoyo intimo, eventos vitales estresantes y rechazo social percibido…
Comparing illicit drug use in 19 European cities through sewage analysis
2012
Abstract: The analysis of sewage for urinary biomarkers of illicit drugs is a promising and complementary approach for estimating the use of these substances in the general population. For the first time, this approach was simultaneously applied in 19 European cities, making it possible to directly compare illicit drug loads in Europe over a 1-week period. An inter-laboratory comparison study was performed to evaluate the analytical performance of the participating laboratories. Raw 24-hour composite sewage samples were collected from 19 European cities during a single week in March 2011 and analyzed for the urinary biomarkers of cocaine, amphetamine, ecstasy, methamphetamine and cannabis u…
El consum recreatiu d'esteroides anabolitzants entre els joves valencians
2012
The present study tries to measure the phenomenon of recreational consumption of anabolic steroids amongst youngsters from the city of Valencia by means of the application of qualitative methodology conducted through interviews. The sample was composed by nineteen young men aged between 21 and 34 years, that were selected from fitness centers using the snowball sampling technique. Individuals under use and abuse of anabolic steroids present patterns of consumption similar to other substances of abuse: low risk perception, repeated use and dose increase, as well as the lack of information among them. Therefore, after transcending the sports field, the consumption of anabolic steroids should …
Aplicació de nous materials i formats amb propietats millorades per a l'anàlisi de drogues
2021
Aquesta Tesi Doctoral està dividida en tres blocs principalment. El primer bloc, a partir d’una recerca bibliogràfica, fa un recull de les publicacions més destacades que fan ús de materials intel·ligents per al tractament de mostra abans d’una determinació mitjançant IMS. Tanmateix, a aquest bloc es recullen les aportacions més interessants dels materials intel·ligents a l’anàlisi forense en general. Entre les quals és especialment destacable l’anàlisi de drogues pel que ocupa els pròxims capítols de la Tesi. El segon bloc, recull les publicacions originals derivades de la recerca portada a terme per a aquesta Tesi Doctoral. Aquests treballs tracten sobre la preparació i aplicació de nous …
Trastorno mental y tipo de sustancia consumida: estudio piloto sobre la utilización de la Entrevista de Cribado de Patología Dual (ECDD)
2017
Introduction: Dual pathology defines an illness case when a substance abuse disorder and a mental disorder simultaneously affect an individual patient. Both disorders influence each other, mutually, that its recommended what recommends to treat them together. Objective: to analyse the psychopatologic character and its association with different types of substances, evaluated through the Dual Pathology Screening interview (ECDD). Method: the participants were 63 patients between 18 and 45 years, with an average age of 37.7 years (SD = 9.6), assisted in the Unit of Addictive Behaviours of a Valencia town. The sociodemographic variables, clinical and toxycologic, were evaluated through the que…
Compensatory and mimetic conditioned responses to effects of heroin in addicted persons
2006
Study 1: The aim of this study was to analyze in persons detoxified of heroin, compensatory conditioned responses (CCRs) that are opposite to the unconditioned physiological, and subjective effects that are induced by this substance. The procedure consisted in presenting slides with images of neutral stimuli (NSs) and conditioned stimuli (CSs) of heroin to both non-addicted and detoxified addicted persons. The evaluated responses were heart rate (HR) and desire for heroin (DH). Study 2: The aim was to facilitate the emission of mimetic conditioned responses (MCRs) to the unconditioned physiological, and subjective effects of heroin in detoxified heroin addicts. Three different stimulus seri…