Search results for "Drug Utilization"
showing 10 items of 34 documents
Managing adult patients with infectious diseases in emergency departments: international ID-IRI study.
2021
We aimed to explore factors for optimizing antimicrobial treatment in emergency departments. A single-day point prevalence survey was conducted on January 18, 2020, in 53 referral/tertiary hospitals in 22 countries. 1957 (17%) of 11557 patients presenting to EDs had infections. The mean qSOFA score was 0.37 +/- 0.74. Sepsis (qSOFA >= 2) was recorded in 218 (11.1%) patients. The mean qSOFA score was significantly higher in low-middle (1.48 +/- 0.963) compared to upper-middle (0.17 +/- 0.482) and high-income (0.36 +/- 0.714) countries ( P < 0.001). Eight (3.7%) patients with sepsis were treated as outpatients. The most common diagnoses were upper-respiratory (n = 877, 43.3%), lower-respirator…
Use of illicit and prescription drugs for cognitive or mood enhancement among surgeons.
2012
Background Surgeons are usually exposed to high workloads leading to fatigue and stress. This not only increases the likelihood of mistakes during surgery but also puts pressure on surgeons to use drugs to counteract fatigue, distress, concentration deficits, burnout or symptoms of depression. The prevalence of surgeons taking pharmacological cognitive enhancement (CE) or mood enhancement (ME) drugs has not been systematically assessed so far. Methods Surgeons who attended five international conferences in 2011 were surveyed with an anonymous self-report questionnaire (AQ) regarding the use of prescription or illicit drugs for CE and ME and factors associated with their use. The Randomized …
The use of proton pump inhibitors in an Italian hospital: focus on oncologic and critical non-ICU patients
2015
Background Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are among the most misused drugs both at the community and hospital level. Recently, possible risks have been underscored, suggesting the importance of limiting PPI use to proven indications. Objective To survey the appropriateness of PPI use in a University hospital in Italy. Setting Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico ‘P. Giaccone’, in Palermo, Italy. Method A one day-observational study, reviewing patients’ medical records to identify treatments with PPIs and the indications for their use. After discharge, a subgroup of the cohort was followed up to assess the continuation of therapy at home. Appropriateness was evaluated according to th…
Are medical residents a "core group" for for future improvement of influenza vaccination coverage in health-care workers? A study among medical resid…
2011
Abstract Despite international recommendations, vaccination coverage among European healthcare workers, including physicians, is widely recognized as unsatisfactory. In order to plan tailored vaccination campaigns and increase future coverage, we investigated reasons for refusing vaccination and determinants associated with influenza vaccine uptake among young health care workers. A survey was carried out during September and October 2010 on medical residents attending post-graduate Schools of the Medical Faculty at the University of Palermo (Italy). Each participant completed an anonymous web-based questionnaire including items on demographic and occupational characteristics, knowledge, at…
Influence of state anxiety and trate anxiety in postoperative in oral surgery
2014
Introduction: The aim of this article was to study the influence of anxiety (both state and trait) in postoperative recovery after extraction of third molar together, to establish the role of each of the aspects of anxiety in the results you obtained in an independent and complementary way. Material and Methods: We performed a prospective study of a consecutive series of 88 patients who underwent lower third molar extractions. Before being provided with any information about the operation, patients were asked to complete the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-Trait and State. We have evaluated postoperative swelling and pain, patients completed a 10-point visual analog scale (VAS) at…
Prescription patterns and appropriateness of NSAID therapy according to gastrointestinal risk and cardiovascular history in patients with diagnoses o…
2011
Abstract Background Prescription of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) should be based on the assessment of both gastrointestinal (GI) and cardiovascular (CV) risk for the individual patient. We aimed to assess the GI/CV risk profile and the pharmacological management of patients with osteoarthritis (OA) in clinical practice. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional, multicentre, observational study of consecutive OA patients that visited 1,760 doctors throughout the Spanish National Health System (NHS) in a single day. The presence of GI risk factors, CV histories, hypertension and current pharmacological treatments was recorded. Results Of the 60,868 patients, 17,105 had a diagn…
Duration of first-line antiretroviral therapy with tenofovir and emtricitabine combined with atazanavir/ritonavir, efavirenz or lopinavir/ritonavir i…
2013
Objectives: To explore the durability of three first-line tenofovir/emtricitabine-based regimens in combination with atazanavir/ritonavir, efavirenz or lopinavir/ritonavir in HIV-1-infected patients. Patients and methods: A retrospective, longitudinal, multicentre analysis of adult patients enrolled in the Antiretroviral Resistance Cohort Analysis (ARCA), a national prospective observational cohort of HIV-1-infected patients followed up at more than 100 clinical and laboratory units in Italy. Patients eligible were those starting first-line antiretroviral therapy between 1 June 2004 and 15 April 2011 and who were followed up for at least 6 months. The primary endpoint was durability, define…
"Eeny, Meeny, Miny, Moe": Prioritizing Medications on the Prescription as an Unexplored Avenue Towards Optimizing Geriatric Pharmacotherapy.
2018
A prospective study of adverse drug reactions as a cause of admission to a paediatric hospital
1996
1A total of 512 consecutive paediatric hospital admissions of children 2 years old or less were evaluated to assess the extent and pattern of admission caused by suspected adverse drug reactions (ADRs). The proportion of suspected ADRs related to hospital admissions was 4.3%. 2The organ-systems most commonly implicated were the central nervous system (40.5%), digestive system (16.7%), and skin and appendages (14.3%). Together, they accounted for 71.5% of admissions attributed to ADRs. The most common clinical manifestations inducing admission were convulsions (4 cases), dizziness (4), vomiting (3), and tremor, fever, itching and apnoea (2 cases each). 3The four classes of drugs most frequen…
Why are our patients still suffering pain?
2007
Legal barriers, restricted resources, lack of physician training, and physician and patient worries about potential opioid addiction can be barriers to effective and rational pain management in patients with cancer pain. Sebastiano Mercadante discusses these issues, as well as suggesting interventions for improving care.