Search results for "Drug carriers"
showing 10 items of 242 documents
Preservation of the soft protein corona in distinct flow allows identification of weakly bound proteins.
2018
Abstract Nanocarriers that are used for targeted drug delivery come in contact with biological liquids and subsequently proteins will adsorb to the nanocarriers’ surface to form the so called ‘protein corona’. The protein corona defines the biological identity and determines the biological response towards the nanocarriers in the body. To make nanomedicine safe and reliable it is required to get a better insight into this protein corona and, therefore, the adsorbed proteins have to be characterized. Currently, centrifugation is the common method to isolate the protein corona for further investigations. However, with this method it is only possible to investigate the strongly bound proteins,…
Carbohydrate-Based Nanocarriers Exhibiting Specific Cell Targeting with Minimum Influence from the Protein Corona.
2015
Whenever nanoparticles encounter biological fluids like blood, proteins adsorb on their surface and form a so-called protein corona. Although its importance is widely accepted, information on the influence of surface functionalization of nanocarriers on the protein corona is still sparse, especially concerning how the functionalization of PEGylated nanocarriers with targeting agents will affect protein corona formation and how the protein corona may in turn influence the targeting effect. Herein, hydroxyethyl starch nanocarriers (HES-NCs) were prepared, PEGylated, and modified on the outer PEG layer with mannose to target dendritic cells (DCs). Their interaction with human plasma was then s…
Extracellular Vesicles as Biological Shuttles for Targeted Therapies.
2019
The development of effective nanosystems for drug delivery represents a key challenge for the improvement of most current anticancer therapies. Recent progress in the understanding of structure and function of extracellular vesicles (EVs)—specialized membrane-bound nanocarriers for intercellular communication—suggests that they might also serve as optimal delivery systems of therapeutics. In addition to carrying proteins, lipids, DNA and different forms of RNAs, EVs can be engineered to deliver specific bioactive molecules to target cells. Exploitation of their molecular composition and physical properties, together with improvement in bio-techniques to modify their content are critical iss…
Mastering the Tools: Natural versus Artificial Vesicles in Nanomedicine
2020
Naturally occurring extracellular vesicles and artificially made vesicles represent important tools in nanomedicine for the efficient delivery of biomolecules and drugs. Since its first appearance in the literature 50 years ago, the research on vesicles is progressing at a fast pace, with the main goal of developing carriers able to protect cargoes from degradation, as well as to deliver them in a time- and space-controlled fashion. While natural occurring vesicles have the advantage of being fully compatible with their host, artificial vesicles can be easily synthetized and functionalized according to the target to reach. Research is striving to merge the advantages of natural and artifici…
Mesoporous Silica-Based Materials with Bactericidal Properties
2019
[EN] Bacterial infections are the main cause of chronic infections and even mortality. In fact, due to extensive use of antibiotics and, then, emergence of antibiotic resistance, treatment of such infections by conventional antibiotics has become a major concern worldwide. One of the promising strategies to treat infection diseases is the use of nanomaterials. Among them, mesoporous silica materials (MSMs) have attracted burgeoning attention due to high surface area, tunable pore/particle size, and easy surface functionalization. This review discusses how one can exploit capacities of MSMs to design and fabricate multifunctional/controllable drug delivery systems (DDSs) to combat bacterial …
Clinical Trial Results of Peginterferons in Combination with Ribavirin
2003
Of the large number of patients chronically infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV), only about one third have progressive liver disease, and will eventually develop cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. These are the patients for whom effective antiviral treatment is most needed. Therapy is currently recommended for patients with chronic hepatitis C who have abnormal alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, detectable hepatitis C virus ribonucleic acid (HCV RNA) in the blood, and significant necroinflammatory changes and/or fibrosis on liver biopsy. The current gold standard in terms of treatment efficacy is the combination of peginterferon (PEG-IFN) and ribavirin. The overall sustained viro…
The dilemma for patients with chronic hepatitis C: treat now or warehouse?
2013
Dual therapy with peginterferon and ribavirin, the only treatent for chronic hepatitis C available In Italy and in many other ountries worldwide up to 2013, obtains satisfactory response ates in infections with hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 2, but far rom optimal for other genotypes [1,2]. Eradication requires 6–12 onths of therapy, with significant inconvenience for patients: dverse reactions force premature termination in about 20% of atients and reduced the quality of life for almost all who persist n treatment. In view of the important and prolonged side effects, nterferon-based treatment is perceived as a nightmare by many symptomatic,well-being, socially activepatients (the largema…
Dexrazoxane shows cytoprotective effects in zoledronic acid-treated human cells in vitro and in the rabbit tibia model in vivo
2012
Abstract Introduction Bisphosphonates are important and effective drugs in oncology and osteoporosis therapy. They accumulate in the bone matrix becoming released and active by bone resorption. This leads to effective inhibition of tumor cells and bone degradation. A side effect of bisphosphonates similar to other drugs like denosumab is osteonecrosis of the jaws (ONJ). This problem mostly occurs after tooth extraction. We studied the cytoprotectant dexrazoxane known from anthracycline chemotherapy for cytoprotection in nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate treated cells and in the rabbit tibia model to evaluate a possible value in ONJ management. Materials & methods Human osteoblasts (HOB) P2…
Biocompatible Lipid Nanoparticles as Carriers to Improve Curcumin Efficacy in Ovarian Cancer Treatment
2017
Curcumin is a natural molecule with proved anticancer efficacy on several human cancer cell lines. However, its clinical application has been limited due to its poor bioavailability. Nanocarrier-based drug delivery approaches could make curcumin dispersible in aqueous media, thus overtaking the limits of its low solubility. The aim of this study was to increase the bioavailability and the antitumoral activity of curcumin, by entrapping it into nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs). For this purpose here we describe the preparation and characterization of three kinds of curcumin-loaded NLCs. The nanosystems allowed the achievement of a controlled release of curcumin, the amounts of curcumin r…
Development of New Targeted Inulin Complex Nanoaggregates for siRNA Delivery in Antitumor Therapy.
2021
Here, a novel strategy of formulating efficient polymeric carriers based on the already described INU-IMI-DETA for gene material whose structural, functional, and biological properties can be modulated and improved was successfully investigated. In particular, two novel derivatives of INU-IMI-DETA graft copolymer were synthesized by chemical functionalisation with epidermal growth factor (EGF) or polyethylenglycol (PEG), named INU-IMI-DETA-EGF and INU-IMI-DETA-PEG, respectively, in order to improve the performance of already described “inulin complex nanoaggregates” (ICONs). The latter were thus prepared by appropriately mixing the two copolymers, by varying each component from 0 to 100 wt%…