Search results for "Drugs"
showing 10 items of 747 documents
Cardiovascular Damage Induced by Radiotherapy
2018
Radiotherapy is a fundamental therapeutic aid that in recent years has contributed significantly to improve the prognosis of cancer patients. Despite its great effectiveness, it can cause a wide spectrum of toxic effects. Among these, cardiovascular toxicity is very relevant, and it can occur even many years after the termination of treatment. The concomitant use of radiotherapy with other antineoplastic drugs, including new-generation tyrosine-kinase inhibitors or immunotherapy, can enhance its cardiotoxic effects. It is fundamental to know the cardiovascular toxic effects that are potentially linked to radiotherapy (RIHD: radiation-induced heart damage), to monitor patients who underwent …
An organogold compound as potential antimicrobial agent against drug resistant bacteria: Initial mechanistic insights
2021
Abstract The rise of antimicrobial resistance has necessitated novel strategies to efficiently combat pathogenic bacteria. Metal‐based compounds have been proven as a possible alternative to classical organic drugs. Here, we have assessed the antibacterial activity of seven gold complexes of different families. One compound, a cyclometalated Au(III) C^N complex, showed activity against Gram‐positive bacteria, including multi‐drug resistant clinical strains. The mechanism of action of this compound was studied in Bacillus subtilis. Overall, the studies point towards a complex mode of antibacterial action, which does not include induction of oxidative stress or cell membrane damage. A number …
The translocation of signaling molecules in dark adapting mammalian rod photoreceptor cells is dependent on the cytoskeleton.
2008
In vertebrate rod photoreceptor cells, arrestin and the visual G-protein transducin move between the inner segment and outer segment in response to changes in light. This stimulus dependent translocation of signalling molecules is assumed to participate in long term light adaptation of photoreceptors. So far the cellular basis for the transport mechanisms underlying these intracellular movements remains largely elusive. Here we investigated the dependency of these movements on actin filaments and the microtubule cytoskeleton of photoreceptor cells. Co-cultures of mouse retina and retinal pigment epithelium were incubated with drugs stabilizing and destabilizing the cytoskeleton. The actin a…
Design of enzyme-mediated controlled release systems based on silica mesoporous supports capped with ester-glycol groups
2012
[EN] An ethylene glycol-capped hybrid material for the controlled release of molecules in the presence of esterase enzyme has been prepared. The final organic-inorganic hybrid solid S1 was synthesized by a two-step procedure. In the first step, the pores of an inorganic MCM-41 support (in the form of nanoparticles) were loaded with [Ru(bipy) 3]Cl 2 complex, and then, in the second step, the pore outlets were functionalized with ester glycol moieties that acted as molecular caps. In the absence of an enzyme, release of the complex from aqueous suspensions of S1 at pH 8.0 is inhibited due to the steric hindrance imposed by the bulky ester glycol moieties. Upon addition of esterase enzyme, del…
Novel Lipid and Polymeric Materials as Delivery Systems for Nucleic Acid Based Drugs
2015
Nucleic acid based drugs (NADBs) are short DNA/RNA molecules that include among others, antisense oligonucleotides, aptamers, small interfering RNAs and micro-interfering RNAs. Despite the different mechanisms of actions, NABDs have the ability to combat the effects of pathological gene expression in many experimental systems. Thus, nowadays, NABDs are considered to have a great therapeutic potential, possibly superior to that of available drugs. Unfortunately, however, the lack of effective delivery systems limits the practical use of NABDs. Due to their hydrophilic nature, NABDs cannot efficiently cross cellular membrane; in addition, they are subjected to fast degradation by cellular and…
Validity and reliability of Veloflex to measure active cervical range of motion in asymptomatic and symptomatic subjects
2021
Background Neck pain has a high annual incidence and decreases the cervical active range of motion (ROM). Clinicians use various methods to evaluate cervical range of motion (CROM) that some of them have also been proposed to give instant feedback. Accordingly, this study aimed to examine the validity and reliability of Veloflex (VF) to measure the CROM by comparison with the cervical range of motion (CROM) device, and to examine their test-retest reliability. Methods Thirty-eight healthy and 20 symptomatic participants were evaluated. Cervical flexion-extension, side bending, and rotations were tested in two sessions, first by the CROM and VF and in the second only with the VF. To evaluat…
Dentistry and Drug Adverse Events: Between Responsibilities and Regulations
2022
The purpose of this paper is to renew interest and attention to the medical history, prescription, and/or use of drugs during dental practice. The work analyzes the issue of the use of drugs in dentistry from both a clinical and a medical–legal point of view. The laws governing the matter were also taken into consideration, relating them to the roles of prescriber and user that the dentist can acquire. Analysis of various aspects of this matter demonstrates that it is necessary for dentists to know the drugs and medical substances, their characteristics and properties, related effects, and interactions in order to use them appropriately and adequately. Knowledge of interferences, reac…
Junceosides A-C, new triterpene saponins from Arenaria juncea.
2002
Three novel triterpenoid saponins, junceosides A (1), B (2), and C (3), together with two known saponins have been isolated from the roots of Arenaria juncea. Their structures were elucidated using a combination of homo- and heteronuclear 2D NMR techniques (COSY, TOCSY, NOESY, HSQC, and HMBC) and by FABMS. The new compounds were characterized as 3-O-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1-->2)-[beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1-->3)]-beta-D-glucuronopyranosylgypsogenin-28-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-->3)-[beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1-->4)]-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-beta-D-fucopyranoside (1), 3-O-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1-->2)-[beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1-->3)]-beta-D-glucuronopyranosylgypsogenin-28-O-beta-D-x…
Polyaminoacid–doxorubicin prodrug micelles as highly selective therapeutics for targeted cancer therapy
2016
An amphiphilic copolymer carrying high-dose doxorubicin (21% on a weight basis), PHEA–EDA–P,C–Doxo, was prepared by coupling doxorubicin with a biocompatible polyaminoacid through a pH-sensitive spacer. Additional derivatization with 4-pentynoic acid endows it with self-assembling properties by means of π–π stacking. These micelles can be triggered to promptly release drug in lysosomes (∼40% in 12 h) through pH-dependent micelle hydrolysis after uptake. In vitro tests on co-cultures of cancer (MDA-MB 231) and normal (HB-2) breast cells proved that the conjugate was selectively internalized into the former rather than normal cells, exploiting the caveolae-dependent endocytosis pathway, expla…
In silico, spectroscopic, and biological insights on annelated pyrrolo[3,2-e]pyrimidines with antiproliferative activity
2013
The in silico COMPARE analysis was performed on 8-[3-(piperidino)propyl]-4,10-dimethyl-9-phenyl-6-(methylsulfanyl)-3,4-dihydropyrimido[1,2-c]pyrrolo[3,2-e]pyrimidin-2(8H)-one, a compound with promising antiproliferative activity, previously synthetized and screened against a panel of 60 human tumor cell lines. The results evidenced that this compound matches the biological properties of Chromomycin A3 and Actinomycin D, known drugs with high DNA binding affinity. Prompted by such results, a thorough spectroscopic investigation of its DNA aqueous solutions was performed, with the aim to verify its DNA-binding properties. DNA groove-binding interaction was assigned by UV-vis spectrophotometri…