Search results for "Dynamic"

showing 10 items of 12329 documents

Fish population size, and not density, as the determining factor of parasite infection: a case study.

2004

The diversity and abundance of parasites vary widely among populations of the same host species. These infection parameters are, to some extent, determined by characteristics of the host population or of its habitat. Recent studies have supported predictions derived from epidemiological models regarding the influence of host population density: parasite abundance and parasite species richness are expected to increase with increasing host population density, at least for directly transmitted parasites. Here, we test this prediction using a natural system in which populations of the crucian carp, Carassius carassius (L.), occur alone, with no other fish species, in a series of 9 isolated pond…

CarpsPopulationFresh WaterEctoparasitic InfestationsTrematode InfectionsBiologyPopulation densityHost-Parasite InteractionsFish DiseasesAbundance (ecology)AnimalseducationPopulation dynamics of fisheriesRelative species abundanceFinlandPopulation Densityeducation.field_of_studyEcologyPopulation sizebiology.organism_classificationInfectious DiseasesRegression AnalysisAnimal Science and ZoologyParasitologySpecies richnessTrematodaTrematodaParasitology
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Improved model based on the Weibull distribution to describe the combined effect of pH and temperature on the heat resistance of Bacillus cereus in c…

2003

The effect of pH and temperature on the thermal inactivation of different strains of Bacillus cereus was modeled. Inactivation tests were carried out in carrot broth, following a full factorial design at four levels for temperature (from 90 to 105 degrees C, depending on the strain) and pH (6.2, 5.8, 5.2, and 4.7). Individual inactivation curves were analyzed by applying the Weibull model function (with percent discrepancy close to 20% for most cases), and the effects of pH and temperature on the scale parameter (designated D(beta)) and the shape parameter (beta) were also studied. Temperature and pH did not have a significant effect on the shape parameter (beta). The effect of temperature …

Carrot juiceHot TemperatureBacillus cereusThermodynamicsModels BiologicalMicrobiologyShape parameterBeveragesBacillus cereusWeibull distributionStrain (chemistry)biologybusiness.industryChemistryFactorial experimentHydrogen-Ion Concentrationbiology.organism_classificationDaucus carotaBiotechnologyKineticsCereusFood MicrobiologybusinessScale parameterStatistical DistributionsFood Science
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New fitting scheme to obtain effective potential from Car-Parrinello molecular dynamics simulations: Application to silica

2008

A fitting scheme is proposed to obtain effective potentials from Car-Parrinello molecular dynamics (CPMD) simulations. It is used to parameterize a new pair potential for silica. MD simulations with this new potential are done to determine structural and dynamic properties and to compare these properties to those obtained from CPMD and a MD simulation using the so-called BKS potential. The new potential reproduces accurately the liquid structure generated by the CPMD trajectories, the experimental activation energies for the self-diffusion constants and the experimental density of amorphous silica. Also lattice parameters and elastic constants of alpha-quartz are well-reproduced, showing th…

Car–Parrinello molecular dynamicsMaterials sciencemolecular dynamics calculations (Car-Parrinello) and other numerical simulationsTransferabilityGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technologyglasses01 natural sciencesMolecular physicsMolecular dynamicsLattice (order)0103 physical sciences[PHYS.COND.CM-DS-NN]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Disordered Systems and Neural Networks [cond-mat.dis-nn]010306 general physicsdensity functional theoryCondensed Matter - Materials Sciencegradient and other correctionsMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)computer simulation of liquid structureCondensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural Networks021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologylocal density approximation[PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci]Amorphous silica0210 nano-technologyPair potential
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A novel method for harmonic mitigation for single-phase five-level cascaded H-Bridge inverter

2018

The efficiency of a system is a very important parameter for high power electrical drives applications. Moreover, the efficiency of power converters plays a fundamental role. Aim of this work, is to propose a novel selective harmonic mitigation method without solving non-linear equations. Through a very simple approach, the polynomial equations which drive the control angles have been detected for a single-phase five-level cascaded H-Bridge inverter. The obtained polynomial equations can be easily implemented in a digital system to real-time operation. The paper also presents the simulation analysis and experimental validation.

Cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverterPolynomialWork (thermodynamics)Computer scienceRenewable Energy Sustainability and the Environment020209 energyHarmonic mitigation02 engineering and technologyConvertersHigh power electrical driveSettore ING-IND/32 - Convertitori Macchine E Azionamenti ElettriciPower (physics)Harmonic analysisselective harmonic mitigationControl theorySimple (abstract algebra)Automotive Engineering0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringInverter
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Electrostatic interactions in critical solvents

2011

The subtle interplay between critical phenomena and electrostatics is investigated by considering the effective force acting on two parallel walls confining a near-critical binary liquid mixture with added salt. The ion-solvent coupling can turn a non-critical repulsive electrostatic force into an attractive one upon approaching the critical point. However, the effective force is eventually dominated by the critical Casimir effect, the universal properties of which are not altered by the presence of salt. This observation allows a consistent interpretation of recent experimental data.

Casimir effectMaterials scienceCritical point (thermodynamics)Chemical physicsEffective forceCritical phenomenaGeneral Physics and AstronomySoft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)FOS: Physical sciencesCondensed Matter - Soft Condensed MatterElectrostatics
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Lekcja religii szansą dla ewangelizacji

2018

There is a constant need to preach the Gospel to young people in the Church. The Church wants to realize and identify the most effective ways to proclaim the Good News to the next generations. The lesson of religious education can become a place to preach the Good News. Evangelizers can revitalize the school environment through such content, such methods and such dynamics that are inspired by the Spirit of God. Various models of evangelization have been present in the Church since ancient times. This evangelization has always derived from the Word of God. The contemporary evangelist should first realize the situation in which he announces the Word of God and later should use the most approp…

CatechesisDynamics (music)General Arts and Humanitiesmedia_common.quotation_subjectSchool environmentGospelSociologyForm of the GoodContent (Freudian dream analysis)Linguisticsmedia_commonPolonia Sacra
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The Effect of Metal Cations on the Aqueous Behavior of Dopamine. Thermodynamic Investigation of the Binary and Ternary Interactions with Cd2+, Cu2+ a…

2021

The interactions of dopamine [2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)ethylamine, (Dop−)] with cadmium(II), copper(II) and uranyl(VI) were studied in NaCl(aq) at different ionic strengths (0 ≤ I/mol dm−3 ≤ 1.0) and temperatures (288.15 ≤ T/K ≤ 318.15). From the elaboration of the experimental data, it was found that the speciation models are featured by species of different stoichiometry and stability. In particular for cadmium, the formation of only MLH, ML and ML2 (M = Cd2+; L = dopamine) species was obtained. For uranyl(VI) (UO22+), the speciation scheme is influenced by the use of UO2(acetate)2 salt as a chemical; in this case, the formation of ML2, MLOH and the ternary MLAc (Ac = acetate) species in a …

Catechol; Chemical speciation; Metal complexes; Sequestration; Stability constantsMolecular Structurechemical speciation; metal complexes; catechol; sequestration; stability constantsDopaminePharmaceutical ScienceOrganic chemistrysequestrationmetal complexesSodium Chloridecatecholchemical speciationUranium CompoundsAnalytical Chemistrystability constantsQD241-441Chemistry (miscellaneous)CationsDrug DiscoveryMolecular MedicineThermodynamicsSettore CHIM/01 - Chimica AnaliticaPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryCopperCadmiumMolecules
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Divalent Cations Reduce the pH Sensitivity of OmpF Channel Inducing the PKA Shift of Key Acidic Residues

2011

In contrast to the highly-selective channels of neurophysiology employing mostly the exclusion mechanism, different factors account for the selectivity of large channels. Elucidation of these factors is essential for understanding the permeation mechanisms in ion channels and their regulation in vivo. The interaction between divalent cations and a protein channel, the bacterial porin OmpF, has been investigated paying attention to the channel selectivity and its dependence on the solution pH. Unlike the experiments performed in salts of monovalent cations, the channel is now practically insensitive to pH, being anion selective all over the pH range considered. Electrostatic calculations bas…

Cation bindingMolecular modelCations DivalentStatic ElectricityInorganic chemistryBiophysicsPorinsGeneral Physics and AstronomyIonDivalentMagnesiumAmino AcidsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryTransport iònicIon channelchemistry.chemical_classificationCanals iònicsChemistryHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationPermeationPolyelectrolyteProtein Structure TertiaryKineticsIon channelsThermodynamicsSelectivityProtein BindingBiophysical Journal
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On Approximation of Entropy Solutions for One System of Nonlinear Hyperbolic Conservation Laws with Impulse Source Terms

2010

We study one class of nonlinear fluid dynamic models with impulse source terms. The model consists of a system of two hyperbolic conservation laws: a nonlinear conservation law for the goods density and a linear evolution equation for the processing rate. We consider the case when influx-rates in the second equation take the form of impulse functions. Using the vanishing viscosity method and the so-called principle of fictitious controls, we show that entropy solutions to the original Cauchy problem can be approximated by optimal solutions of special optimization problems.

Cauchy problemConservation lawOptimization problemEntropy solutionsArticle SubjectVanishing viscosity methodMathematical analysisNonlinear fluid dynamicmodelsNonlinear conservation lawlcsh:QA75.5-76.95Computer Science ApplicationsNonlinear systemlcsh:TA1-2040Modeling and SimulationEvolution equationNonlinear fluid dynamicmodels; Vanishing viscosity method; Principle of fictitious controls; Entropy solutionsPrinciple of fictitious controlslcsh:Electronic computers. Computer scienceElectrical and Electronic Engineeringlcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)Hyperbolic partial differential equationEntropy (arrow of time)MathematicsJournal of Control Science and Engineering
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A logarithmic fourth-order parabolic equation and related logarithmic Sobolev inequalities

2006

A logarithmic fourth-order parabolic equation in one space dimension with periodic boundary conditions is studied. This equation arises in the context of fluctuations of a stationary nonequilibrium interface and in the modeling of quantum semiconductor devices. The existence of global-in-time non-negative weak solutions and some regularity results are shown. Furthermore, we prove that the solution converges exponentially fast to its mean value in the ``entropy norm'' and in the Fisher information, using a new optimal logarithmic Sobolev inequality for higher derivatives. In particular, the rate is independent of the solution and the constant depends only on the initial value of the entropy.

Cauchy problemLogarithmApplied MathematicsGeneral Mathematics35B40Mathematical analysisNon-equilibrium thermodynamicsPoincaré inequalitySobolev inequalityNonlinear systemsymbols.namesake35K3535K55symbolsPeriodic boundary conditionsUniquenessMathematicsCommunications in Mathematical Sciences
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