Search results for "EATING"
showing 10 items of 1247 documents
Sensory-specific satiety with simple foods in humans: no influence of BMI?
2007
Olfacto-gustatory sensory-specific satiety plays an important role in the termination of food ingestion. A defect in this mechanism, by increasing food intake, could be a factor in development of overweight. The present study was conducted to explore whether sensory-specific satiety in the overweight may be different from that in normal-weight subjects. 144 subjects (half men, half women; age range: 17–62 years; BMI range: 17–39 kg m−2). Olfactory pleasure (OP) and flavor pleasure (FP) were evaluated before and after ingestion of a single chosen food. Six foods from three classes were offered: cucumber and tomato, pineapple and banana, and peanut and pistachio. According to the subjects' pr…
Confirmatory factor analysis and psychometric properties of the Yale–Brown–Cornell Eating Disorders Scale Self-Report version (SR-YBC-EDS) in Spanish…
2015
[EN] Objective: The aimof the study was to adapt and validate the Yale Brown Cornell Eating Disorder Scale (YBC-EDS) transformed into a self-report format in Spanish clinical and non-clinical samples. Method: Eighty-three eating disordered patients and 358 non-clinical participants completed the Self Report-YBCEDS version (SR-YBC-EDS), the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT), and the Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ). Results: Confirmatory factor analyses of a two-factor second-order model showed adequate values of goodness-of fit indices for non-clinical (normed ÷2=13.4578; df=18; NFI=0.980; GFI=1.00; RMSEA= 0.00) and clinical samples (normed ÷2 = 26.5913; df =18; NFI = 0.944; GFI = 0.981; RMS…
A multi-centre cohort study of short term outcomes of hospital treatment for anorexia nervosa in the UK
2013
Background Individual, family and service level characteristics and outcomes are described for adult and adolescent patients receiving specialist inpatient or day patient treatment for anorexia nervosa (AN). Potential predictors of treatment outcome are explored. Method Admission and discharge data were collected from patients admitted at 14 UK hospital treatment units for AN over a period of three years (adult units N = 12; adolescent N = 2) (patients N = 177). Results One hundred and seventy-seven patients with a severe and enduring illness with wide functional impairment took part in the study. Following inpatient care, physical improvement was moderate/good with a large increase in BMI,…
Reduced cardiovascular activation following chronic stress in caregivers of people with anorexia nervosa.
2017
Caring for offspring diagnosed with eating disorders (EDs) puts caregivers under high levels of chronic stress, which have negative consequences for their health. Unfortunately, caregivers have received little attention from mental health professionals. Chronic stress experienced by informal caregivers has been associated with the alteration of body homeostasis, and therefore, the functioning of various physiological systems. This could be the basis of health problems in informal caregivers of people with EDs. The main objective of this study was to analyze physiological response, in terms of heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV), to an acute laboratory stressor in a sample of in…
Physical activity in anorexia nervosa: How relevant is it to therapy response?
2015
AbstractObjectiveElevated physical activity has been observed in some patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) despite their emaciated condition. However, its effects on treatment outcome remain unclear. This study aimed to examine objectively measured physical activity in this clinical population and how it might be related to a partial hospitalization therapy response, after considering potential confounders.MethodThe sample comprised 88 AN patients consecutively enrolled in a day hospital treatment program, and 116 healthy-weight controls. All participants were female and a baseline assessment took place using an accelerometer (Actiwatch AW7) to measure physical activity, the Eating Disorders…
Botulinum toxin A (Botox) and sweating-dose efficacy and comparison to other BoNT preparations.
2004
Abstract Background Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT/A) is 20–50 times more effective than Botulinum toxin type B (BoNT/B) concerning the treatment of muscular hypercontractions [Sloop, R.R., Cole, B.A., Escutin, R.O., 1997. Human response to botulinum toxin injection: type B compared with type A. Neurology 49, 189–194]. Botulinum toxins block motor nerves as well as autonomic fibres [Rand, M.J., Whaler, B.C., 1965. Impairment of sympathetic transmission by botulinum toxin. Nature 206, 588–591]. Objective Purpose of this study was to analyse the dose dependent reduction of sweating using the BoNT/A preparation Botox® and to compare the results with our earlier results analysing Dysport® [Braune…
Postprandial thermogenesis and alimentary sensory stimulation in human subjects
1999
OBJECTIVE: To study the role of alimentary sensory stimulation on the thermic effect of food. SUBJECTS: Nine male healthy volunteers (age: 20-34y, body mass index (BMI): 17.4-25.3 kg/m 2 ). DESIGN AND MEASUREMENTS: Four experimental situations were investigated on different days. Subjects: 1) ate a four course meal containing 2582kJ (meal), 2) saw, smelt and tasted the same courses (alimentary sensory stimulation), 3) saw, smelt and tasted non-alimentary substances (non-alimentary sensory stimulation), 4) received directly into the stomach the previous meal (tube feeding). Energy expenditure (EE) was measured over a 20 min rest period, then for 110 min. RESULTS: The changes over midday rest…
Chemically and electrically induced sweating and flare reaction
2004
Both thin afferent (nociceptors) and efferent (sympathetic sudomotor) nerve fibers can be activated electrically and chemically, resulting in neurogenic erythema and sweating. These reactions have been used before to assess the impairment of sympathetic and nociceptor fibers in humans. In this study, electrically induced sweating and erythema were assessed simultaneously in the foot dorsum and thigh, and were compared to chemically induced activation. Reproducible intensity-response relations (stimulation intensities 0-30 mA, 1 Hz) were obtained from 32 subjects. The steepest increase of the sweat response was induced at lower intensities as compared to that of the erythema (18.3 mA vs. 25.…
Mealtime versus nighttime acid inhibition
1992
This study was carried out in order to compare the effects of mealtime and bedtime regimens of ranitidine on gastric acidity. Fifteen duodenal ulcer patients in clinical remission were randomized to receive in single-blind fashion either placebo, ranitidine 300 mg at night (2200 hr) or ranitidine 150 mg three times a day given before each of the three daily meals (1800, 0800 and 1200 hr). Over 24 hr, the two active treatments produced a significantly greater acid inhibition than placebo, while the single daily regimen was superior to the three times a day regimen of ranitidine in terms of both rise in pH values (P less than 0.001) and duration of action expressed as time spent above 3.0 pH …
Reduction of negative alliesthesia for sweet gustatory stimuli by cyproheptadine, a serotonin antagonist
1990
Cyproheptadine (CH) is a serotonin antagonist that increases food intake and body weight. In order to elucidate its mechanism of action on the control of food intake, hunger ratings, pleasure-displeasure to sweet gustatory stimuli and negative alliesthesia induced by a 50 g glucose load were compared in 14 healthy subjects after they had received a placebo or 16 mg of CH. Cyproheptadine did not affect the hunger rating, nor the affective rating in fasted subjects, but it reduced significantly the negative alimentary alliesthesia induced by the glucose load. It was concluded that CH increases food intake more by reducing satiation than by increasing hunger. This is in line with the anti-sero…