Search results for "ECONOMICS"
showing 10 items of 14389 documents
Can we be satisfied with our football team? Evidence from spanish professional football.
2009
This article assesses the sporting performance of Spanish professional football teams at competition level, namely, League, King’s Cup, and European competitions (Champions League and Union of European Football Associations [UEFA] Cup). Then, the gap between the result obtained by a team at the end of a season and that expected according to its potential is used as a proxy of the degree of satisfaction that fans should feel: the narrower the gap the greater the level of satisfaction. Regarding methodology, Data Envelopment Analysis techniques and directional distance functions are used. Results reveal that most teams perform rather differently across competitions, the lower average performa…
Effect of intra-organisational competition on organisational performance indicators
2021
The objective of the research is to investigate intra-organisational competition (IOC) emerging from the interactions of internal social comparison (ISC) and intra-organisational evolution (IOE) effecting organisational performance (OP). Communication between subordinates, comparing contribution, ability to perform and business management strategies resulting in IOC. The attention is on recognised social dimensions and equal emphasis is on business management practices. The literature attempts’ to recognise ISC and IOE and its effect on OP balances the conceptual paper. For the purpose Google Scholar, Emerald Insight, EBSCO Host and Science Direct database has been used. Literature relies o…
De la régionalisation à la concurrence régulée. Analyse économique et juridique de la future organisation du transport ferroviaire régional de voyage…
2006
This paper deals with the introduction of competition for the market in French regional passenger railways. Following a double approach through economics and law, it discusses the proposals for a European regulation on public passenger transport services. In a first part, the paper explains the interest and limits of competition for the market concerning French regional rail services. After analyzing the German and Swedish cases, it proposes a way of introducing competition for the market in France. In a second part, structural reforms needed ex ante are analyzed: open access to stations, rolling stock availability and future of rail employees. For each reform, the theoretical analysis is f…
Coalition building in the UN Security Council
2014
Political coalitions in the international system are still understudied in International Relations theory. This article claims that the formation of and variations in coalitions in the international system are affected by changes in their bargaining power and bargaining environment related to the global leadership cycle and by long-term organisational changes of the international political system. Identifying the Security Council as the institution in which states are more likely to keep their systemic preferences at the institutional level, the article studies the presence, formation and change of coalitions in the international system by testing variations in the behaviour of the Securit…
The eSports conundrum: is the sports sciences community ready to face them? A perspective
2020
The reality of eSports is something much more complex than individual users playing video games. There are several characteristics that eSports have in common with traditional sports: from the spirit of competition to the structural composition of the teams, including the increase in performance with training and practice, up to the injuries and physical and psychological stress of the athlete. The number of scientific papers interested in this reality is still relatively low, although in recent years there has been a significant increase in this regard. Probably the lack of knowledge of the world of eSports by inexperts can represent an initial obstacle in the approach to this environment.…
Costly punishment prevails in intergroup conflict.
2011
Understanding how societies resolve conflicts between individual and common interests remains one of the most fundamental issues across disciplines. The observation that humans readily incur costs to sanction uncooperative individuals without tangible individual benefits has attracted considerable attention as a proximate cause as to why cooperative behaviours might evolve. However, the proliferation of individually costly punishment has been difficult to explain. Several studies over the last decade employing experimental designs with isolated groups have found clear evidence that the costs of punishment often nullify the benefits of increased cooperation, rendering the strong human tenden…
Tournament structure and nations' success in women's professional tennis
2007
The relationship between domestic professional tournament structure in women's tennis and the subsequent professional ranking success of a nation's female players is examined. The 2003 women's professional tennis tournament calendar provided the distribution of events in 33 countries. Criteria used to classify nations' success in women's professional tennis were as follows: number of players with Women's Tennis Association (WTA) points, number of players with Top 200 rankings, and the combined WTA ranking of a nation's Top 5 female players. Pearson product - moment correlations were performed between the number of tournaments and the three criteria. Considerable variation was observed in th…
Institutional Path Dependence in Competitive Dynamics: The Case of Paper Industries in Finland and the USA
2016
Prior research on competitive dynamics has failed to offer tools to understand distorted patterns of competition that emerge from distinct institutional and historical contexts. Our analysis suggests that a joint effect of institutional rules, governance structures, and shared cognition plays a pivotal role in firm-level competitive behavior and capability development. We show how globally significant market positions can result from specific institutional arrangements between firms and governments, especially if coupled with interfirm contractual commitments. Our results call for more attention to these interfirm commitments that are built on formal rules and governmental support, but whos…
Modeling Spatial Data Pooled over Time: Schematic Representation and Monte Carlo Evidences
2015
The spatial autocorrelation issue is now well established, and it is almost impossible to deal with spatial data without considering this reality. In addition, recent developments have been devoted to developing methods that deal with spatial autocorrelation in panel data. However, little effort has been devoted to dealing with spatial data (cross-section) pooled over time. This paper endeavours to bridge the gap between the theoretical modeling development and the application based on spatial data pooled over time. The paper presents a schematic representation of how spatial links can be expressed, depending on the nature of the variable, when combining the spatial multidirectional relatio…
Student understanding of graph slope and area under a curve: A replication study comparing first-year physics and economics students
2019
The understanding of graphs and extraction of relevant information from graphs plays a major role in physics education and is also important in several related fields. Recently, Susac et al. [Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 14, 020109 (2018)10.1103/PhysRevPhysEducRes.14.020109] compared physics and psychology students’ understanding of graphs in the contexts of physics and finance. They showed that physicists scored significantly higher in both domains and that all students solved the slope problems better than the area problems. Moreover, eye-tracking data revealed that physics students spent more time on problems associated with the area under the graph and focused longer on the axis labels o…