Search results for "EEG"
showing 10 items of 313 documents
Dissociable Effects of Reward on P300 and EEG Spectra Under Conditions of High vs. Low Vigilance During a Selective Visual Attention Task
2020
The influence of motivation on selective visual attention in states of high vs. low vigilance is poorly understood. To explore the possible differences in the influence of motivation on behavioral performance and neural activity in high and low vigilance levels, we conducted a prolonged 2 h 20 min flanker task and provided monetary rewards during the 20- to 40- and 100- to 120-min intervals of task performance. Both the behavioral and electrophysiological measures were modulated by prolonged task engagement. Moreover, the effect of reward was different in high vs. low vigilance states. The monetary reward increased accuracy and decreased the reaction time (RT) and number of omitted response…
Individual alpha peak frequency, an important biomarker for live Z-Score training neurofeedback in adolescents with learning disabilities
2021
Learning disabilities (LDs) have an estimated prevalence between 5% and 9% in the pediatric population and are associated with difficulties in reading, arithmetic, and writing. Previous electroencephalography (EEG) research has reported a lag in alpha-band development in specific LD phenotypes, which seems to offer a possible explanation for differences in EEG maturation. In this study, 40 adolescents aged 10–15 years with LDs underwent 10 sessions of Live Z-Score Training Neurofeedback (LZT-NF) Training to improve their cognition and behavior. Based on the individual alpha peak frequency (i-APF) values from the spectrogram, a group with normal i-APF (ni-APF) and a group with low i-APF (li-…
How long-term mindfulness meditation practice affects the brain mechanisms of attention?
2015
In the last few decades, the beneficial effects of meditation and mindfulness have been broadly researched. Because attention plays a key role in mindfulness, it has been assumed that long-term practice of mindfulness meditation also has an impact on attention on neurophysiological level.In the current study, we explored how the long-term practice of mindfulness meditation affects the brain mechanisms of attention. We compared two groups, long-term meditation practisers and meditation novices. EEGscanning was conducted during an attention task of dichotic listening, where two stories were listened simultaneously, and participants were asked to concentrate in only one of the stories at a tim…
Use of Sign Language Videos in EEG and MEG Studies : Experiences from a Multidisciplinary Project Combining Linguistics and Cognitive Neuroscience
2022
In this paper, we describe our experiences of bringing together methodologies of two disciplines – sign language (SL) linguistics and cognitive neuroscience – in the multidisciplinary ShowTell research project (Academy of Finland 2021–2025). More specifically, we discuss the challenges we encountered when creating and using video materials for the study of SL processing in the brain. Rather than using still images, the study of SL comprehension is better performed by using videos, thus providing more naturalistic stimuli as observed in face-to-face interaction. On the other hand, in neuroimaging (electroencephalography [EEG]/magnetoencephalography [MEG]), it is vital to track the timing of …
Effects of assisted training with neurofeedback on EEG measures, executive function and mood in a healthy sample
2015
The training in neurofeedback (NF) consists of teaching individuals to modify, adjust and enhance their brain activity pattern. The aim of our research was to evaluate the effect of training on cognitive processes, specifically executive function, and mood in a non-clinical sample. A sample of 30 female college students were assigned to three groups: RH: right hemisphere (n = 10), LH: left hemisphere (n = 10) and control (n = 10). The dominance pattern of beta and the inhibition of the theta pattern were trained in a single session. Measures of executive function (Iowa Gambling Test) and questionnaires of mood were taken pre and post training. We found that NF training produced significant …
Resting State EEG Directed Functional Connectivity Unveils Changes in Motor Network Organization in Subacute Stroke Patients After Rehabilitation
2022
Brain plasticity and functional reorganization are mechanisms behind functional motor recovery of patients after an ischemic stroke. The study of resting-state motor network functional connectivity by means of EEG proved to be useful in investigating changes occurring in the information flow and find correlation with motor function recovery. In the literature, most studies applying EEG to post-stroke patients investigated the undirected functional connectivity of interacting brain regions. Quite recently, works started to investigate the directionality of the connections and many approaches or features have been proposed, each of them being more suitable to describe different aspects, e.g.,…
Brain-Activity-Driven Real-Time Music Emotive Control
2013
Active music listening has emerged as a study field that aims to enable listeners to interactively control music. Most of active music listening systems aim to control music aspects such as playback, equalization, browsing, and retrieval, but few of them aim to control expressive aspects of music to convey emotions. In this study our aim is to enrich the music listening experience by allowing listeners to control expressive parameters in music performances using their perceived emotional state, as detected from their brain activity. We obtain electro-encephalogram (EEG) data using a low-cost EEG device and then map this information into a coordinate in the emotional arousalvalence plane. Th…
The communicative processes of musicians engaged in synchronous play
2014
Music is a sophisticated cognitive behaviour that employs extensive bilateral neural networks. Recent research investigating the brain engaged in active music-making, both pre-composed and improvised, has localized this network, and made comparisons to similarities and differences as they relate to the production of language. This study investigated the electroencephalographic data of musicians engaged in dyadic instrumental improvisation. Ten musicians (3 pianists, 5 guitarists, and 2 ukulelists) engaged in dyadic improvisations while data was recorded from one of the pair. Playing conditions were established by the participants, and musical features were extracted from the audio data foll…
Music training enhances rapid neural plasticity of N1 and P2 source activation for unattended sounds
2012
Neurocognitive studies have demonstrated that long-term music training enhances the processing of unattended sounds. It is not clear, however, whether music training also modulates rapid (within tens of minutes) neural plasticity for sound encoding. To study this phenomenon, we examined whether adult musicians display enhanced rapid neural plasticity compared to non-musicians. More specifically, we compared the modulation of P1, N1, and P2 responses to standard sounds between four unattended passive blocks. Among the standard sounds, infrequently presented deviant sounds were presented (the so-called oddball paradigm). In the middle of the experiment (after two blocks), an active task was p…
Negative emotional state slows down movement speed : behavioral and neural evidence
2019
Background Athletic performance is affected by emotional state. Athletes may underperform in competition due to poor emotion regulation. Movement speed plays an important role in many competition events. Flexible control of movement speed is critical for effective athletic performance. Although behavioral evidence showed that negative emotion can influence movement speed, the nature of the relationship remains controversial. Thus, the present study investigated how negative emotion affects movement speed and the neural mechanism underlying the interaction between emotion processing and movement control. Methods The present study combined electroencephalography (EEG) technology with a cued-…