Search results for "EFE"

showing 10 items of 5785 documents

Activation of astroglial phospholipase D activity by phorbol ester involves ARF and Rho proteins.

2000

Primary cultures of rat cortical astrocytes express phospholipase D (PLD) isoforms 1 and 2 as determined by RT-PCR and Western blot. Basal PLD activity was strongly (10-fold) increased by 4beta-phorbol-12beta,13alpha-dibutyrate (PDB) (EC(50): 56 nM), an effect which was inhibited by Ro 31-8220 (0.1-1 microM), an inhibitor of protein kinase C (PKC), and by brefeldin A (10-100 microg/ml), an inhibitor of ADP-ribosylating factor (ARF) activation. Pretreatment of the cultures with Clostridium difficile toxin B-10463 (0.1-1 ng/ml), which inactivates small G proteins of the Rho family, led to a breakdown of the astroglial cytoskeleton; concomitantly, PLD activation by PDB was reduced by up to 50%…

rho GTP-Binding ProteinsIndolesADP ribosylation factorBacterial ToxinsClostridium difficile toxin AClostridium difficile toxin BBiologyRats Sprague-Dawleychemistry.chemical_compoundWestern blotBacterial ProteinsPhorbol EstersmedicinePhospholipase DPhospholipase D activityAnimalsEnzyme InhibitorsMolecular BiologyProtein kinase CCells CulturedProtein Kinase CProtein Synthesis InhibitorsBrefeldin Amedicine.diagnostic_testPhospholipase DADP-Ribosylation FactorsSerum Albumin BovineCell BiologyBrefeldin AMolecular biologyRatsEnzyme ActivationchemistryAstrocyteslipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)Biochimica et biophysica acta
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Metabotropic glutamate receptors activate phospholipase D in astrocytes through a protein kinase C-dependent and Rho-independent pathway.

2003

Metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) are G protein-coupled receptors that mediate phospholipase D (PLD) activation in brain, but the mechanism underlying this response remains unclear. Here we used primary cultures of astrocytes as a cell model to explore the mechanism that links mGluRs to PLD. Glutamate activated both phospholipase C (PLC) and PLD with equal potency and this effect was mimicked by L-cysteinesulfinic acid, a putative neurotransmitter previously shown to activate mGluRs coupled to PLD, but not PLC, in adult brain. PLD activation by glutamate was dependent on Ca(2+) mobilization and fully blocked by both protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors and PKC down-regulation, suggesti…

rho GTP-Binding ProteinsIndolesBacterial ToxinsGlutamic AcidBiologyReceptors Metabotropic GlutamateSulfenic AcidsMaleimidesRats Sprague-DawleyCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceBacterial ProteinsStress FibersmedicinePhospholipase DAnimalsCysteineEgtazic AcidProtein kinase CCells CulturedProtein Kinase CChelating AgentsPharmacologyProtein Synthesis InhibitorsBrefeldin APhospholipase CDose-Response Relationship DrugEndothelin-1Phospholipase DADP-Ribosylation FactorsMetabotropic glutamate receptor 6Glutamate receptorDNAMolecular biologyRatsenzymes and coenzymes (carbohydrates)medicine.anatomical_structureMetabotropic receptorMetabotropic glutamate receptorAstrocytesType C PhospholipasesTetradecanoylphorbol Acetatelipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)AstrocyteNeuropharmacology
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Nitrate and nitrite in the diet: How to assess their benefit and risk for human health

2015

Nitrate is a natural constituent of the human diet and an approved food additive. It can be partially converted to nitrogen monoxide, which induces vasodilation and thereby decreases blood pressure. This effect is associated with a reduced risk regarding cardiovascular disease, myocardial infarction, and stroke. Moreover, dietary nitrate has been associated with beneficial effects in patients with gastric ulcer, renal failure, or metabolic syndrome. Recent studies indicate that such beneficial health effects due to dietary nitrate may be achievable at intake levels resulting from the daily consumption of nitrate-rich vegetables. N-nitroso compounds are endogenously formed in humans. However…

risk analysisNitriteischemia-reperfusion injuryPhysiologyBenefitNitric OxideToxicologyNitratereduces blood-pressureNitric oxidechemistry.chemical_compoundNitrateRisk FactorsNeoplasmsVegetablesmedicineAnimalsHumansfluke opisthorchis-viverriniNitritenih-aarp dietNitritesToxicologiecolorectal-cancer riskCarcinogenRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicVLAGNitratesChemistryN-nitroso compoundsmedicine.diseasenitrosatable drug exposureDietMeat ProductsDisease Models Animaln-nitroso compoundsBlood pressureBiochemistryNitrosationMetabolic syndromecoronary-heart-diseaseRisk assessmentBiomarkersNitroso Compoundsinorganic nitrateneural-tube defectsFood ScienceBiotechnology
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Ryhmäajattelu opiskelijaryhmän tapana vältellä ristiriitoja

2015

Tutkimuksessa tarkastellaan opiskelijaryhmän työskentelyä ryhmän kirjoittamien pöy-täkirjojen sekä tutkijoiden omien kokemusten pohjalta. Huomiota kiinnitetään erityisesti ryhmän tiedostamattomaan puoleen, pyrkimyksenä löytää merkityksiä ryhmän toiminnalle ja tätä kautta selityksiä, miksi ryhmän on ollut vaikea toimia perustehtävänsä mukaisesti. Tutkimus keskittyy tarkastelemaan ryhmän toimintaa psykodynaamisen ryhmäajatteluteorian pohjalta. Tutkimuskohteena on Jyväskylän yliopiston opettajankoulutuslaitoksessa vuonna 2009 aloittanut integraatioryhmä, johon myös tutkijat itse ovat kuuluneet. Aineisto koostuu integraatioryhmän pöytäkirjoista, jotka on kirjoitettu opiskelijoiden kolmen ensimm…

ryhmäajatteluopiskelijatdefensiiviset rutiinitopettajankoulutusryhmätintegraatioryhmäryhmädynamiikka
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Zmiany na rynku pracy a efekty kształcenia w Polsce

2018

W ostatnim czasie obserwujemy dynamiczne zmiany na rynku pracy. Efektem rozwoju gospodarczego oraz masowej emigracji jest coraz bardziej odczuwalny, przez pracodawców, brak chętnych osób do pracy i to pomimo występującego bezrobocia.Potwierdzają to wyniki ogólnopolskiego badania realizowanego na zlecenie Ministerstwa Rodziny, Pracy i Polityki Społecznej pt.: „Barometr zawodów”. Rezultaty przeprowadzanych eksploracji dowodzą, że wyraźnie zwiększa się liczba zawodów deficytowych w stosunku do zawodów nadwyżkowych. Informację te mają istotny wpływ na dostosowanie oferty kształcenia zawodowego, na poziomie ponadgimnazjalnym i wyższym, przyczyniając się tym samym do zwiększenia jego efektywności.

rynek pracypracownikpracodawcaefektywność kształceniaZeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Śląskiej. Organizacja i Zarządzanie
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Rywalizacja międzypartyjna i wewnątrzpartyjna w kampanii referendum europejskiego w Wielkiej Brytanii z 2016 roku

2017

Inter‑party and intra‑party rivalry in the 2016 EU referendum campaign in the United Kingdom
 The objective of this paper is an analysis of the course of the 2016 EU referendum campaign from the perspective of the political battle between the parties and between intra‑party factions. Besides the main goals of the UK’s leaving the EU or remaining within it, the stakes of the battle included the strengthening of one’s own political camp, the weakening of one’s opponents, the gaining of power within a party or, eventually, the gaining of power in the country. The article is divided into two major parts devoted to the analysis of inter‑party rivalry and intra‑party rivalry respectively. Th…

rywalizacja wewnątrzpartyjnareferendum 2016rywalizacja międzypartyjnaWielka BrytaniaKLawPolitical scienceJPoliteja
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Rywalizacja międzypartyjna i wewnątrzpartyjna w kampanii referendum europejskiego w Wielkiej Brytanii z 2016 roku

2017

The objective of this paper is an analysis of the course of the 2016 EU referendum campaign from the perspective of the political battle between the parties and between intra -party factions. Besides the main goals of the UK’s leaving the EU or remaining within it, the stakes of the battle included the strengthening of one’s own political camp, the weakening of one’s opponents, the gaining of power within a party or, eventually, the gaining of power in the country. The article is divided into two major parts devoted to the analysis of inter -party rivalry and intra -party rivalry respectively. The referendum (both its campaign and results) has demolished the existing political make -up dete…

rywalizacja wewnątrzpartyjnareferendum 2016rywalizacja międzypartyjnaWielka Brytaniainter -party competitionUnited Kingdomintra- -party competitionPoliteja. Pismo Wydziału Studiów Międzynarodowych i Politycznych Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
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The evolution and ecology of multiple antipredator defences

2023

Prey seldom rely on a single type of antipredator defence, often using multiple defences to avoid predation. In many cases, selection in different contexts may favour the evolution of multiple defences in a prey. However, a prey may use multiple defences to protect itself during a single predator encounter. Such “defence portfolios” that defend prey against a single instance of predation are distributed across and within successive stages of the predation sequence (encounter, detection, identification, approach (attack), subjugation and consumption). We contend that at present, our understanding of defence portfolio evolution is incomplete, and seen from the fragmentary perspective of speci…

saaliseläimetvuorovaikutuspredation sequencedefence portfolioantergysynergydefence syndromesecondary defencessaalistuseläintiedetrade-offsintraspecific variationantergy defence portfolio defence syndrome intraspecific variation predation sequence predator cognition secondary defences synergypetoeläimetsynergiapuolustuspredator cognition
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Latvijas reģionālo daudzprofila slimnīcu saimnieciskās darbības salīdzinājums un novērtējums

2017

Bakalaura darba tēma ir “Latvijas reģionālo daudzprofila saimnieciskās darbības salīdzināšana un novērtējums”. Bakalaura darba mērķis ir analizēt un salīdzināt Latvijas reģionālo daudzprofila slimnīcu saimniecisko darbību laika periodā no 2011. līdz 2015. gadam; analizēt, kā tiek veikta to pārvaldība, kā arī identificēt būtiskākās pilnveidojamās jomas, sniedzot praktiska rakstura ieteikumus slimnīcu vadībai un veselības aprūpes nozares pilnveidošanai. Bakalaura darbs sastāv no trīs nodaļām. Pirmajā nodaļā tiek aplūkots uzņēmuma saimnieciskās darbības analīzes teorētiskais pamatojums, metodes, paņēmieni un to interpretācija, lai uz tā pamata veiktu slimnīcu analīzi. Otrajā nodaļā tiek sniegt…

saimnieciskā darbībaEkonomikaefektivitāteveselības nozarefinanšu pārskatu analīzefinansējums
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Kirjoittamisen ja rakkauden paloa : Juhani Aho sekä Elisabet Järnefeltin ja Minna Canthin kirjalliset salongit

2012

Tutkimukseni käsittelee Juhani Ahoa sekä Elisabet Järnefeltin ja Minna Canthin kirjallisia salonkeja. Tutkimuksessani kirjallisella instituutiolla ja kirjallisen elämän kuvaamisella on keskeinen rooli ja teoreettisesti se pohjautuu kirjallisuussosiologiaan. Tutkimukseni kuuluu kirjoittamisen historian tutkimuksiin. Tutkimuksessa kuvaan kirjallista elämää ja siihen liittyvien keskeisten henkilöiden, kirjailija Juhani Ahon, Elisabet ja Aleksander Järnefeltin sekä kirjailija Minna Canthin välisiä suhteita ja heidän elämäänsä hyvinkin tarkasti, ulkopuolisesta näyttäen jopa hivenen juoruilunomaisesti. Tämän tutkimuksen perusteella voidaan todeta, että kirjallisuussosiologian juuret ulottuvat Suo…

salongitJärnefelt ElisabethkirjeenvaihtokirjailijatrealismiCanth MinnahistoriakirjallisuussosiologiaAho Juhanitekijyyskirjoittaminen
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