Search results for "EFE"

showing 10 items of 5785 documents

Magnetic resonance chondro-crassometry (MR CCM): a method for accurate determination of articular cartilage thickness?

1996

A method for the assessment of articular cartilage thickness based on MRI is presented and its accuracy and reproducibility tested. Six specimens of human patellae were imaged, using a fat-suppressed FLASH 3D sequence, and sectioned with a high-precision band saw. The regional distribution of articular cartilage thickness was determined from the MR images and from the anatomical sections (intervals of 0.5 mm). With image analysis 50-90% of the image points were found to lie within exactly the same thickness interval in corresponding patterns, and less than 17% deviated more than 0.5 mm. More than 85% of all pixels were reproducible with MRI after new positioning of the joint. No influence o…

AdultCartilage ArticularMaleMaterials scienceArticular cartilageNuclear magnetic resonanceReference ValuesmedicineImage Processing Computer-AssistedHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingAgedAged 80 and overReproducibilityMeasurement methodmedicine.diagnostic_testAnthropometryCartilageReproducibility of ResultsMagnetic resonance imagingCartilage thicknessMiddle AgedMagnetic Resonance Imagingmedicine.anatomical_structureReference valuesFemaleMr imagesSoftwareMagnetic resonance in medicine
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Acute effects on the human EEG after an external exposure to 200 ppm methanol

2001

Objectives: Even low concentrations of organic solvents may cause acute effects on the human central nervous system. The German MAK (threshold limit value) of methanol is 200 ppm. The aim of this study was to investigate whether acute exposure to 200 ppm methanol causes adverse effects, measured by EEG, and moreover, whether it is possible to differentiate between sedative and excitatory effects with this method. Methods: Twelve healthy subjects were exposed for 4 h to 200 ppm and to 20 ppm (control) in an exposure chamber in a cross-over design. The EEG was recorded before (reference) and at the end of each exposure with, the subject's eyes closed and opened and during a choice reaction te…

AdultCentral Nervous SystemMaleAcute effectsmedicine.drug_classThreshold limit valueElectroencephalographychemistry.chemical_compoundReference ValuesHumansMedicineSingle-Blind MethodThreshold Limit ValuesInhalation ExposureCross-Over Studiesmedicine.diagnostic_testInhalationbusiness.industryMethanolPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthElectroencephalographychemistrySedativeAnesthesiaToxicityExposure chamberMethanolbusinessInternational Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health
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Testing the Cross-Cultural Robustness of the Minority Stress Model in Gay and Bisexual Men

2017

The study tests the cross-cultural robustness of the minority stress model using a most different systems approach. Data from Western European, Eastern European (including Russian), Indian, Philippine, and Thai gay and bisexual men was obtained online. The final sample consisted of N = 90,467 participants who reported their level of satisfaction with life, victimization, felt stigma, and internalized homonegativity, as well as their disclosure status and sociodemographic details. Stepwise linear regressions were conducted on reported levels of satisfaction with life. Higher levels of victimization, felt stigma, and internalized homonegativity predicted lower satisfaction with life in all gr…

AdultCross-Cultural ComparisonMaleAsiaSocial PsychologySexual BehaviorEmotionsSocial Stigma050109 social psychologyEducationGender StudiesSexual and Gender Minorities03 medical and health sciencesHumansCross-cultural0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesSociologyHomosexuality MaleRobustness (economics)Crime VictimsGeneral PsychologyDefense Mechanisms030505 public health05 social sciencesGeneral MedicineCross-cultural studiesMinority stressEuropeEastern europeanWestern europeBisexualityDemographic economics0305 other medical scienceStress PsychologicalJournal of Homosexuality
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Spanish version of the Screen for Cognitive Impairment in Psychiatry (SCIP-S): psychometric properties of a brief scale for cognitive evaluation in s…

2007

The Screen for Cognitive Impairment in Psychiatry (SCIP) is a brief scale designed for detecting cognitive deficits in several psychotic and affective disorders. This study examined the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the SCIP in a sample of outpatients suffering schizophrenia-spectrum disorders.Psychometric properties were evaluated in a sample of 126 stable patients with schizophrenia. Men and women 18 to 55 years of age were recruited from consecutive admissions to 40 psychiatric outpatient clinics in Spain and asked to complete a series of cognitive measures at baseline, as well as three versions of the SCIP separated by one week intervals. A matched sample of 39 healt…

AdultCross-Cultural ComparisonMalemedicine.medical_specialtyPsychometricsAdolescentPsychometricsConcurrent validityTest validityNeuropsychological TestsCronbach's alphaReference ValuesmedicineOutpatient clinicHumansMass ScreeningPsychiatryBiological PsychiatryMass screeningLanguageCognitive disorderNeuropsychologyReproducibility of ResultsMiddle Agedmedicine.diseasePsychiatry and Mental healthPsychotic DisordersSpainSchizophreniaFemaleSchizophrenic PsychologyPsychologyCognition DisordersClinical psychologySchizophrenia research
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The appropriateness of colonoscopies at a teaching hospital: magnitude, associated factors, and comparison of EPAGE and EPAGE-II criteria.

2011

Background The growing demand for colonoscopies and inappropriate colonoscopies have become a significant problem for health care. Objectives To assess the appropriateness of colonoscopies and to analyze the association with some clinical and organizational factors. To compare the results of the European Panel of Appropriateness of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (EPAGE) and the EPAGE-II criteria. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Endoscopy unit of a teaching hospital in Spain. Patients Patients referred for colonoscopy, excluding urgent, therapeutic indications, and poor cleansing. Main Outcome Measurements Appropriateness of colonoscopies according to the EPAGE criteria. Results From 749 c…

AdultDiarrheaMalemedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentColorectal cancerCross-sectional studyMEDLINEColonoscopyColonic PolypsUnnecessary ProceduresColonic polypectomyYoung AdultCrohn DiseasemedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingMedical diagnosisHospitals TeachingReferral and ConsultationAgedAged 80 and overChi-Square Distributionmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryGastroenterologyColonoscopyMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseHematocheziaSurgeryCross-Sectional StudiesSpainEmergency medicinePractice Guidelines as TopicColitis UlcerativeFemaleGuideline Adherencemedicine.symptombusinessColorectal NeoplasmsGastrointestinal HemorrhageChi-squared distributionSentinel SurveillanceGastrointestinal endoscopy
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Influence of Senna, Fibre, and Fibre + Senna on Colonic Transit in Loperamide-induced Constipation

1993

Retarded colonic transit and disturbed defecation are the most prominent pathophysiological mechanisms in constipation. Both may be influenced by bulking agents and by laxatives such as senna. Direct measurements of the influence of such substances on colonic transit are rare mainly because of technical problems. We measured gastric emptying, small and large intestinal transit in 24 healthy volunteers by a newly developed method employing a metal detector. Twelve persons taking a normal diet received loperamide in a dose sufficient to double the individual transit time. All subjects measured gastrointestinal transit time under normal conditions and with Sennatin containing purified sennosid…

AdultDietary FiberMalemedicine.medical_specialtyLoperamideConstipationAdolescentSennaCassiaLoperamideGastroenterologyFecesCassiaInternal medicinemedicineHumansGastrointestinal TransitFecesPharmacologyPlants Medicinalbiologybusiness.industrySenna Extractdigestive oral and skin physiologyGeneral Medicinebiology.organism_classificationIntestinesDrug CombinationsGastric EmptyingDefecationFemaleDietary fibermedicine.symptombusinessConstipationmedicine.drugPharmacology
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First-trimester screening for trisomy-21 using a simplified method to assess the presence or absence of the fetal nasal bone.

2005

Objective To determine the benefit of including nasal bone assessment in addition to standard first-trimester markers (nuchal translucency, free beta human chorionic gonadotropin and pregnancy-associated plasma protein A) as a screening test for Down syndrome, using a strict criterion for classification of nasal bone absence. Study design Nasal bone assessment was conducted in 2411 patients with crown-rump length between 45 and 84 mm, including 15 patients with Down syndrome. A patient was considered to have an absent nasal bone only if there was no evidence of present nasal bone. Unlike other studies, nasal bone was classified as present when there was evidence of a thin echogenic line und…

AdultDown syndromemedicine.medical_specialtyPregnancy-associated plasma protein AUrologyAneuploidyPrenatal diagnosisEmbryonic StructuresSensitivity and SpecificityCrown-Rump LengthUltrasonography PrenatalPredictive Value of TestsPregnancyReference ValuesRisk FactorsmedicineConfidence IntervalsHumansMass ScreeningNasal BoneProbabilityObstetricsbusiness.industryObstetrics and GynecologyEchogenicityPrenatal Caremedicine.diseaseNasal boneConfidence intervalPregnancy Trimester FirstCase-Control StudiesLinear ModelsFemaleDown SyndromeTrisomybusinessNuchal Translucency MeasurementAmerican journal of obstetrics and gynecology
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The role of eating disorders features, psychopathology, and defense mechanisms in the comprehension of orthorexic tendencies

2022

Abstract Purpose Recent studies pointed out the importance to distinguish orthorexia nervosa (ON) from non-problematic forms of interest with healthy eating. This distinction needs to be further explored since it may favor a better comprehension of the relationship between orthorexic behaviors and psychopathology and lead to an improved understanding of the psychological processes implicated in ON. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to investigate the associations between ON and the core features of eating disorders (EDs), psychopathological symptoms and defense mechanisms, by differentiating three groups of individuals: an ON symptoms group, a healthy-eating control group, and a n…

AdultFeeding and Eating DisordersOrthorexia · Eating disorders · Psychopathology · Defense mechanismsYoung AdultPsychiatry and Mental healthClinical PsychologyCross-Sectional StudiesSurveys and QuestionnairesHumansFeeding BehaviorComprehensionDefense Mechanisms
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Kardiale MRT : Änderungen der normalisierten myokardialen Gadolinium-Anreicherung über die Zeit nach Kontrastmittelinjektion in Patienten mit akuter …

2011

PURPOSE An increased normalized gadolinium accumulation (NGA) in the myocardium during early washout has been used for the diagnosis of acute myocarditis (AM). Due to the fact that the pharmacokinetics of contrast agents are complex, time-related changes in NGA after contrast injection are likely. Because knowledge about time-related changes of NGA may improve the diagnostic accuracy of MR, our study aimed to estimate the time course of NGA after contrast injection in patients as well as in healthy volunteers. MATERIALS AND METHODS An ECG-triggered inversion recovery SSFP sequence with incrementally increasing inversion times was repetitively acquired over the 15 minutes after injection of …

AdultGadolinium DTPAMalemedicine.medical_specialtymedia_common.quotation_subjectGadoliniumCardiac-Gated Imaging TechniquesMedizinchemistry.chemical_elementContrast MediaSensitivity and SpecificityPharmacokineticsReference ValuesInternal medicineHealthy volunteersmedicineImage Processing Computer-AssistedContrast (vision)HumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingIn patientMuscle Skeletalmedia_commonbusiness.industryMyocardiumWashoutSteady-state free precession imagingMiddle AgedImage EnhancementMagnetic Resonance ImagingMyocardial ContractionMyocarditischemistryContrast injectionAcute DiseaseInjections IntravenousCardiologyFemalebusiness
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Intra- and Interhemispheric Electroencephalogram Coherence in Siblings Discordant for Schizophrenia and Healthy Volunteers

1997

Former studies had pointed to an increased electroencephalogram (EEG) coherence in schizophrenics, but it remained unsolved whether this deviation represents the premorbid state or is only a consequence of the current or previous schizophrenic episodes. To clarify this question, we tested the hypothesis that subjects at elevated risk also reveal higher coherences compared to healthy controls. For that, intra- and interhemispheric EEG coherences were investigated in untreated schizophrenics, their healthy siblings, and healthy controls. Differences were only found regarding the intrahemispheric coherences. Both in schizophrenics and, even though to a lesser degree, in their siblings signific…

AdultGenetic MarkersMalePsychosismedicine.medical_specialtyAudiologyElectroencephalographyReference ValuesRisk FactorsMaldevelopmentHealthy volunteersmedicineHumansAttentionSiblingDominance CerebralPsychiatryBiological PsychiatryCerebral CortexFourier Analysismedicine.diagnostic_testElectroencephalographySignal Processing Computer-AssistedCoherence (statistics)medicine.diseasePsychotic DisordersSchizophreniaCerebral hemisphereSchizophreniaFemaleArousalPsychologyBiological Psychiatry
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