Search results for "EFF"

Afferent and Efferent Connections of the Cortex-Amygdala Transition Zone in Mice

2016

The transitional zone between the ventral part of the piriform cortex and the anterior cortical nucleus of the amygdala, named the cortex-amygdala transition zone (CxA), shows two differential features that allow its identification as a particular structure. First, it receives dense cholinergic and dopaminergic innervations as compared to the adjacent piriform cortex and amygdala, and second, it receives projections from the main and accessory olfactory bulbs. In this work we have studied the pattern of afferent and efferent projections of the CxA, which are mainly unknown, by using the retrograde tracer Fluorogold and the anterograde tracer biotinylated dextranamine. The results show that …

Efficacy of Sequential Ipilimumab Monotherapy versus Best Supportive Care for Unresectable Locally Advanced/Metastatic Gastric or Gastroesophageal Ju…

2017

Abstract Purpose: Ipilimumab, a monoclonal antibody that blocks cytotoxic T-lymphocyte–associated protein-4 interactions, enhances T-cell activation and promotes tumor immunity. This phase II study evaluated the safety and efficacy of ipilimumab monotherapy versus best supportive care (BSC) among patients with advanced/metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer who achieved at least stable disease with first-line chemotherapy. Experimental Design: Eligible patients were randomized to ipilimumab 10 mg/kg every 3 weeks for four doses, then 10 mg/kg every 12 weeks for up to 3 years, or BSC, which could include continuation of fluoropyrimidine until progression or toxicity. The prim…

Prognostic clinical factors in patients affected by non-small-cell lung cancer receiving Nivolumab

2020

Background: Immune-checkpoint inhibitors have radically changed the treatment landscape of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC). It is still unclear whether specific clinical characteristics might identify those patients benefiting from immunotherapy more than others. The aim of this study was to identify clinical characteristics associated with disease-specific survival (DSS), time-to-treatment failure (TTF), objective responses (OR) and progressive disease (PD) in NSCLC patients treated with Nivolumab. Methods: This was a multicenter retrospective study conducted on 294 patients treated with Nivolumab for advanced NSCLC. Results: Of the more than 50 variables analyzed, five showed a signifi…

Multi-centre validation of a flow cytometry method to identify optimal responders to interferon-beta in multiple sclerosis.

2018

Background and objectives: Percentages of blood CD19 + CD5 + B cells and CD8 + perforin + T lymphocytes can predict response to Interferon (IFN)-beta treatment in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients. We aimed to standardize their detection in a multicenter study, prior to their implementation in clinical practice. Methods: Fourteen hospitals participated in the study. A reference centre was established for comparison studies. Peripheral blood cells of 105 untreated RRMS patients were studied. Every sample was analyzed in duplicate in the participating centre and in the reference one by flow cytometry. When needed, participating centres corrected fluorescence compensations…

M-TRAP: Safety and performance of metastatic tumor cell trap device in advanced ovarian cancer patients

2021

Objective. Despite radical surgery and chemotherapy, most patients with ovarian cancer die due to disease progression. M-Trap is an implantable medical device designed to capture peritoneal disseminated tumor cells with the aim to focalize the disease. This trial analyzed the safety and performance of the device. Methods. This first-in-human prospective, multi-center, non-blinded, single-arm study enrolled 23 women with high-grade serous advanced ovarian cancer. After primary or interval debulking surgery, 3 M-Trap devices were placed in the peritoneum of the abdominal cavity. 18-months post-implantation or at disease progression, devices were initially removed by laparoscopy. The primary s…

Monoclonal antibodies for the treatment of non-hematological tumors: a safety review

2018

Introduction: The introduction of monoclonal antibodies (moAbs) into clinical practice revolutionized the treatment strategies in several solid tumors. These agents differ from cytotoxic chemotherapy for their mechanism of action and toxicity. By targeting specific antigens present on healthy cells and modulating immune system activity, these biological drugs are able to generate a wide spectrum of peculiar adverse events that can negatively impact on patients' quality of life. Areas covered: In this review, the main side effects associated with the use of moAbs have been described to show their incidence and current management strategies, which may drive clinicians in their daily practice.…

Efficacy and safety of everolimus in extrapancreatic neuroendocrine tumor: a comprehensive review of literature

2016

BACKGROUND Everolimus, an oral mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) inhibitor, is currently approved for the treatment of progressive pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). Although promising, only scattered data, often from nondedicated studies, are available for extrapancreatic NETs. PATIENTS AND METHODS A systematic review of the published data was performed concerning the use of everolimus in extrapancreatic NET, with the aim of summarizing the current knowledge on its efficacy and tolerability. Moreover, the usefulness of everolimus was evaluated according to the different sites of the primary. RESULTS The present study included 22 different publications, including 874 patients and 4…

Loss of HER2 and decreased T-DM1 efficacy in HER2 positive advanced breast cancer treated with dual HER2 blockade: the SePHER Study

2020

AbstractBackgroundHER2-targeting agents have dramatically changed the therapeutic landscape of HER2+ advanced breast cancer (ABC). Within a short time frame, the rapid introduction of new therapeutics has led to the approval of pertuzumab combined with trastuzumab and a taxane in first-line, and trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) in second-line. Thereby, evidence of T-DM1 efficacy following trastuzumab/pertuzumab combination is limited, with data from some retrospective reports suggesting lower activity. The purpose of the present study is to investigate T-DM1 efficacy in pertuzumab-pretreated and pertuzumab naïve HER2 positive ABC patients. We also aimed to provide evidence on the exposure to d…

Abstract PD3-06: Neratinib + fulvestrant for HER2-mutant, HR-positive, metastatic breast cancer: Updated results from the phase 2 SUMMIT trial

2019

Abstract Background: HER2 mutations define a rare subset of metastatic breast cancer (MBC) with a unique mechanism of oncogenic addiction to HER2 signaling. Neratinib, an irreversible pan-HER tyrosine kinase inhibitor, has demonstrated single-agent clinical activity in HER2-mutant MBC. In HER2-mutant, HR+ MBC, neratinib + fulvestrant (N+F) appears synergistic vs single-agent neratinib, possibly due to more complete inhibition of bi-directional signaling between HER2 and estrogen receptors. Here we describe interim efficacy results of the expanded HER2-mutant, HR+ MBC cohort treated with N+F from SUMMIT (NCT01953926). Methods: HR+ MBC patients (pts) with HER2 mutations documented by local te…

2021

Background: Since there is no standardized and effective treatment for advanced uveal melanoma (UM), the prognosis is dismal once metastases develop. Due to the availability of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) in the real-world setting, the prognosis of metastatic UM has improved. However, it is unclear how the presence of hepatic and extrahepatic metastasis impacts the response and survival after ICB. Methods: A total of 178 patients with metastatic UM treated with ICB were included in this analysis. Patients were recruited from German skin cancer centers and the German national skin cancer registry (ADOReg). To investigate the impact of hepatic metastasis, two cohorts were compared: patie…