Search results for "ELFA"
showing 10 items of 952 documents
Industry Reallocations in a Globalizing Economy
2007
We distill the main insights from recent trade models on firms' responses to globalization. Our primary aim is to assess the economic impact and the welfare implications of the resulting reallocation of resources across firms and countries. In so doing, we bring theory into life through the numerical implementation of a theoretical framework calibrated on European data, which encompasses aspects of economic geography, firm heterogeneity, and firms' organizational choices. Our final purpose is to provide a comprehensive background for empirical investigations and to stimulate further theoretical research.
How Bad is Globalization for Labour Standards in the North?
2010
We analyse a world consisting of "the North" and "the South" where labour standards in the North are set by trade unions. Standards set by unions tend to increase output and welfare. There are no unions in the South and work standards are suboptimal. Trade between these two countries can imply a reduction in work standards in the North. Moreover, when trade unions are established in the South, the North, including northern unions, tend to lose. Quantitatively, these effects are small and overcompensated by gains in the South. The existing empirical literature tends to support our findings.
Instruments, rules, and household debt: the effects of fiscal policy
2015
In this paper, we look at the interplay between the level of household leverage in the economy and fiscal policy, the latter characterised by different combinations of instruments and rules. When the fiscal rule is defined on lump-sum transfers, government spending or consumption taxes, the impact multipliers of transitory fiscal shocks become substantially amplified in an environment of easy access to credit by impatient consumers, regardless of the primary instruments used. However, when the government reacts to debt deviations by raising distortionary taxes on income, labour or capital, the effects of household debt on the size of the impact output multipliers vanish or even reverse, no …
Los toques de queda, confinamientos territoriales, prohibiciones de pequeñas reuniones y de actividades y horarios en la contención del Covid-19
2021
Se analizan los “toques de queda”, los confinamientos territoriales o perimetrales, las prohibiciones de pequeñas reuniones, así como las restricciones de actividades y horarios de los establecimientos y sus dudosas garantías. Todas estas restricciones Covid-19 bajo los estados de alarma o el muy cuestionable artículo 3 Ley Orgánica 3/1986 no han sido especial objeto de atención, ha habido fuertes divergencias entre tribunales y están pendientes recursos y cuestiones de constitucionalidad. Se afirman lineamientos y criterios para una deseable futura regulación. Finalmente se concluye que especialmente el gobierno y el legislador estatal no han superado el "test de estrés" al sistema jurídi…
La Deuda Odiosa
2011
Spanish Abstract: Un breve analisis sobre cuestiones relacionadas a las deudas contraidas por las naciones durante los gobiernos de facto. English Abstract: Should a State pay the debts contracted by a de facto Government? This is an essay that explores the world of the odious debts, trying to find the answers to the most recurrent questions that arise when the third world countries face the time to pay.
Influencia del capital físico y humano en la supervivencia de nuevas empresas
2014
El propósito de este estudio es analizar la influencia del capital físico y humano en la supervivencia de nuevas empresas en diferentes contextos económicos. Para ello, se lleva a cabo un estudio utilizando un modelo logit que analiza las probabilidades de supervivencia de las empresas de nueva creación. Los resultados muestran que tanto el capital humano como el físico influyen en la supervivencia de las empresas en el corto y largo plazo, siendo especialmente importante el papel que desempeña el capital humano. Las implicaciones del estudio giran en torno a dos hallazgos sustanciales. El primero es que destaca el potencial de los gobiernos en la promoción de formas más eficientes de empre…
Squaring the welfare circle and government ideology: Greece and Spain in the 1990s
1999
This article examines the “squaring the welfare circle” thesis and its usefulness to our understanding of welfare developments in Greece and Spain in the 1990s. The welfare state in both Greece and Spain was expanded considerably in the early 1980s by the newly elected socialist governments, only to hit the buffers of diminishing resources and rising demands in the late 1980s as well as the hostile neo-liberal welfare ideology. The process of welfare expansion was halted in the 1990s, labour market deregulation was encouraged and containment of welfare expenditure became the dominant aim of government policies. This article concentrates on the actual policies of governments in the 1990s rat…
SOCIAL WELFARE POLICY PREFERENCES IN LATVIA: EVIDENCE FROM ISSP SURVEYS
2018
This study seeks to find out how social welfare policy preferences have changed over time and what factors account for those preferences in Latvia. The author analyses ISSP survey data gathered in 1996, 2007 and 2016. The data analysis shows that most Latvians still support government interventions in providing social welfare. However, economic factors like material wellbeing and self-interest have decreased the overall support for social welfare policies during the last 20 years. The article provides a long-term perspective missing in previous studies on social welfare policy preferences in Eastern Europe.
Construyendo comunes para el derecho a la ciudad a través de la innovación social colectiva en la distribución y consumo: explorando un marco concept…
2022
En la actual crisis urbana, el nuevo municipalismo reclama la reconstrucción de comunes urbanos para avanzar en el derecho a la ciudad. Señala al respecto la importancia de los movimientos sociales y de la acción pública municipal para generar procesos de innovación social “desde abajo”. Sin embargo, no se ha explorado suficientemente la literatura sobre innovación social con miras a comprender la construcción de comunes urbanos. Por ello, este trabajo propone, a partir de la literatura sobre innovación social de base, un marco para explorar prácticas de generación de comunes desde la ciudadanía, así como políticas municipales que pueden articularse para apoyarlas. El marco se emplea para e…