Search results for "ENERGY BALANCE"
showing 10 items of 135 documents
Comparison between energy balance and mass balance models for actual evapotranspiration assessment
2009
The assessment of the water needs for a specific crop has a fundamental importance in the management of water resources. The application of empirical models able to retrieve estimates of the actual evapotranspiration (ETa) to assess the need for water could give a valid tool for the planning of water supply, avoiding unnecessary water losses. In this context, two independent models for estimating actual evapotranspiration were compared. The first model is based on an energy balance and uses remotely sensed data and ancillary data from weather stations to assess the ETa. The second model also uses remotely sensed data and climatic data on a daily basis from a weather network. Field measureme…
Estimation of actual evapotranspiration of Mediterranean perennial crops by means of remote-sensing based surface energy balance models
2009
Abstract. Actual evapotranspiration from typical Mediterranean crops has been assessed in a Sicilian study area by using surface energy balance (SEB) and soil-water balance models. Both modelling approaches use remotely sensed data to estimate evapotranspiration fluxes in a spatially distributed way. The first approach exploits visible (VIS), near-infrared (NIR) and thermal (TIR) observations to solve the surface energy balance equation whereas the soil-water balance model uses only VIS-NIR data to detect the spatial variability of crop parameters. Considering that the study area is characterized by typical spatially sparse Mediterranean vegetation, i.e. olive, citrus and vineyards, alterna…
Emerging Immnunohistochemical evidence for Direct Peripheral Control of Endocannabinoids on the Gastrointestinal Tract and Pancreas of Obese (fa/fa)a…
2012
This research has the objective to investigate immunohistochemical expression of CB1 receptor and its probable changes in Gastroenteropancreatic system (GEP) of obese and lean Zucker rats and understand the endocannabinoid pathophysiological implications in the obesity. Male obese (fa/fa) and lean Zucker rats 6 weeks old were obtained from Harlan Italy Srl; the rats were sacrificed at 8, 12 and 16 weeks old. Normal rats also were sacrificed. Specimens of stomach, jejunum-ileum and pancreas were fixed in Bouin’s mixture and embedded in paraffin; obtained sections were processed with anti-CB1 (Biosource Europe SA) by Streptavidin-Biotin-Complex Method. The findings show that CB1 receptor is e…
MODELLING WATER AND ENERGY BALANCE OF THE LAND-ATMOSPHERE SYSTEM USING HIGH RESOLUTION REMOTE SENSING DATA
2011
La rilevanza assunta dal risparmio della risorsa idrica negli ultimi anni ha spinto verso una corretta quanti cazione delle perdite legate al processo evapotraspirativo, al ne di una gestione parsimoniosa della risorsa stessa. In particolare nei sistemi agricoli soggetti a stress severo, sia la misura che la stima dell'evapotraspirazione (ET) ad un'adeguata risoluzione spaziale e temporale sono uno dei principali problemi da a rontare per la comunit a scienti ca. Recentemente, le tecniche di telerilevamento sono divenute un ulteriore strumento a supporto della modellistica idrologica distribuita; in particolare, le immagini acquisite nelle onde corte e nell'infrarosso termico risultano esse…
NET ZERO ENERGY BUILDINGS: AN ITALIAN CASE STUDY. ANALYSIS OF THE ENERGY BALANCE AND RETROFIT HYPOTHESIS IN ORDER TO REACH THE NET ZERO ENERGY TARGET.
2014
In the last years the concept of Net Zero Energy Building (NZEB) has been developing and spreading in the scientific community. The work presented in this thesis has been largely developed in the context of the International Energy Agency (IEA) joint Programme Solar Heating and Cooling (SHC) Task40 and Energy Conservation in Buildings and Community Systems (ECBCS) Annex52: Towards Net Zero Energy Solar Buildings. It is known that the energy consumption in Europe for residential and commercial buildings is around 40 % of the total production. It is then extremely important to optimize both the implementation of energy efficiency measures and the usage of renewable resources that can be harve…
F.A.L.C.A.D.E.: A fuzzy software for the energetic and environmental balances of products
2004
It is generally well known that the reliability of Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) studies depends upon exact, complete and sharp input data that, unfortunately, are not always available. Furthermore, when available, the input data are affected by uncertainty whose importance is not always adequately taken into consideration. This paper describes the software F.A.L.C.A.D.E. (Fuzzy Approach to Life Cycle Analysis and Decision Environment): a tool designed for the calculation of the eco-profile of products, based on a fuzzy logic approach. The originality of the method already treated in other papers is to use the fuzzy representation to manage the complex relationships that arise in compiling an e…
Capturing shock waves in inelastic granular gases
2005
Shock waves in granular gases generated by hitting an obstacle at rest are treated by means of a shock capturing scheme that approximates the Euler equations of granular gas dynamics with an equation of state (EOS), introduced by Goldshtein and Shapiro [J. Fluid Mech. 282 (1995) 75-114], that takes into account the inelastic collisions of granules. We include a sink term in the energy balance to account for dissipation of the granular motion by collisional inelasticity, proposed by Haff [J. Fluid Mech. 134 (1983) 401-430], and the gravity field added as source terms. We have computed the approximate solution to a one-dimensional granular gas falling on a plate under the acceleration of grav…
Energy balance in single exposure multispectral sensors
2013
International audience; Recent simulations of multispectral sensors are based on a simple Gaussian model, which includes filters transmittance and substrate absorption. In this paper we want to make the distinction between these two layers. We discuss the balance of energy by channel in multispectral solid state sensors and propose an updated simple Gaussian model to simulate multispectral sensors. Results are based on simulation of typical sensor configurations.
Assessing daily actual evapotranspiration through energy balance: an experiment to evaluate the selfpreservation hypothesis with acquisition time
2013
An operational use of the actual evapotranspiration estimates requires the integration from instantaneous to daily values. This can commonly be achieved under the hypothesis of daytime self-preservation of the evaporative fraction. In this study, it has been evaluated the effect of this assumption on the assessment of daily evapotranspiration from proximity sensing images acquired at hourly intervals over a homogeneous olive groove. Results have been validated by comparison with observations made by a micrometeorological (EC-flux tower) and an eco-physiological (sap flux) sensor. SEBAL model has been applied to thermal and multispectral images acquired during a clear day on August 2009 trou…
A validated energy model of a solar dish-Stirling system considering the cleanliness of mirrors
2020
Solar systems based on the coupling of parabolic concentrating collectors and thermal engines (i.e. dish-Stirling systems) are among the most efficient generators of solar power currently available. This study focuses on the modelling of functioning data from a 32 kWe dish-Stirling solar plant installed at a facility test site on the University of Palermo campus, in Southern Italy. The proposed model, based on real monitored data, the energy balance of the collector and the partial load efficiency of the Stirling engine, can be used easily to simulate the annual energy production of such systems, making use of the solar radiation database, with the aim of encouraging a greater commercialisa…