Search results for "ENaC"
showing 10 items of 307 documents
The effect of the pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha on human joint capsule myofibroblasts.
2009
Introduction Previous studies have shown that the number of myoblastically differentiated fibroblasts known as myofibroblasts (MFs) is significantly increased in stiff joint capsules, indicating their crucial role in the pathogenesis of post-traumatic joint stiffness. Although the mode of MFs' function has been well defined for different diseases associated with tissue fibrosis, the underlying mechanisms of their regulation in the pathogenesis of post-traumatic joint capsule contracture are largely unknown. Methods In this study, we examined the impact of the pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) on cellular functions of human joint capsule MFs. MFs were challenged w…
Prevalence of microcephaly in Europe: population based study.
2016
Objectives: Microcephaly is a congenital anomaly where the baby’s head is smaller than expected when compared with babies of the same sex, age and ethnicity. Many of these babies will have underdeveloped brains. This study aimed to provide contemporary estimates of the prevalence of microcephaly in Europe, determine if the diagnosis of microcephaly is consistent across Europe and to evaluate whether changes in prevalence would be detected using the current European surveillance performed by EUROCAT (the European Surveillance of Congenital Anomalies). Design: A questionnaire and a population-based, observational study Setting: 24 EUROCAT registries covering 570,000 births annually in 15 coun…
Risk of bleeding related to selective and non-selective serotonergic antidepressants: a case/non-case approach using data from two pharmacovigilance …
2014
There is increasing evidence for an association between treatment with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) and an increased risk of bleeding events. The most important underlying mechanism appears to be inhibition of serotonin uptake in platelets, an effect that is also present in antidepressants with non-selective serotonin-reuptake inhibition (NSRI). Accordingly, also NSRI may be associated with an increased risk of bleeding. However, there is little data in this regard.Based on data (spontaneous reports of adverse drug reactions) from 2 pharmacovigilance databases (WHO-database/Vigibase™; BfArM/AkdÄ-database in Germany) we used a case/non-case approach and calculated reporting…
A Comparison of the Efficacy and Tolerability of Solifenacin Succinate and Extended Release Tolterodine at Treating Overactive Bladder Syndrome: Resu…
2005
Abstract Objective: To compare two new generation antimuscarinics at their recommended doses for treatment of overactive bladder syndrome (OAB). Methods: A prospective, double blind, double-dummy, two-arm, parallel-group, 12-week study was conducted to compare the efficacy and safety of solifenacin 5 or 10mg and tolterodine extended release (ER) 4mg once daily in OAB patients. After 4 weeks of treatment patients had the option to request a dose increase but were dummied throughout as approved product labelling only allowed an increase for those on solifenacin. Results: Solifenacin, with a flexible dosing regimen, showed greater efficacy to tolterodine in decreasing urgency episodes, inconti…
Modulation of P450 enzymes by Cuban natural products rich in polyphenolic compounds in rat hepatocytes.
2008
This paper reports cytotoxic effects and changes in the P450 system after exposing rat hepatocytes to four polyphenol-rich products widely used in Cuban traditional medicine (Mangifera indica L. (MSBE), Thalassia testudinum (Tt), Erythroxylum minutifolium and confusum extracts). Effects of mangiferin, the main polyphenol in MSBE, were also evaluated. Cytotoxicity was assayed by the MTT test after exposure of cells to the products (50-1000 microg/mL) for 24 or 72 h. The results showed that 500 microg/mL MSBE was moderately cytotoxic after 72 h, while mangiferin was not. Marked reductions in cell viability were produced by Erythroxylum extracts at concentrationsor = 200 microg/mL, whereas onl…
Bioavailability of pharmaceuticals in waters close to wastewater treatment plants: Use of fish bile for exposure assessment
2012
Pharmaceuticals are ubiquitous in surface waters as a consequence of discharges from municipal wastewater treatment plants. However, few studies have assessed the bioavailability of pharmaceuticals to fish in natural waters. In the present study, passive samplers and rainbow trout were experimentally deployed next to three municipal wastewater treatment plants in Finland to evaluate the degree of animal exposure. Pharmaceuticals from several therapeutic classes (in total 15) were analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in extracts of passive samplers and in bile and blood plasma of rainbow trout held at polluted sites for 10 d. Each approach indicated the highest exposure…
Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of diclofenac in the rat.
1991
Diclofenac sodium is a widely used drug with interesting absorption and disposition features when administered to laboratory animals. The present study was undertaken to assess the pharmacokinetics of the drug after iv and gastrointestinal dosing to rats. Renal excretion of unchanged drug was negligible, but biliary excretion of the drug (unchanged and conjugated) was detected in bile duct-cannulated rats; it accounted for 27.2 and 31.2% of the total dose following iv and intraduodenal administration, respectively. Most of the drug excreted in the bile was conjugated diclofenac; unchanged drug accounted for only 4.7 and 5.4% of total diclofenac excreted in the bile after iv and intraduodena…
Does concomitant diabetes affect treatment responses in overactive bladder patients?
2013
Summary Aims To compare the efficacy and tolerability of a muscarinic receptor antagonist, darifenacin, in the treatment of overactive bladder (OAB) patients with concomitant diabetes as compared with those without comorbidities. Methods Post hoc exploratory analysis of a published, large, non-interventional study in OAB patients treated with darifenacin including 532 diabetics and 1315 controls. Associations of diabetes with treatment responses were evaluated by multiple regression models. Results Diabetics (largely type 2 patients) and controls differed in baseline age, body weight, duration of OAB symptoms and presence of comedications. However, they exhibited similar OAB symptom episode…
Solifenacin in the Elderly: Results of an Observational Study Measuring Efficacy, Tolerability and Cognitive Effects.
2015
<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> The study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of solifenacin in older patients with overactive bladder (OAB). <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> Observational data on patients aged ≥70 years and the prescribed flexible dose of solifenacin for OAB were collected at 294 offices of German general practitioners. Baseline and week 12 data included type and severity of OAB symptoms, adverse events, quality of life, and change in cognitive function per Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE). <b><i>Results:</i></b> Mean age of 774 patients was 78 ± 6 years. A decrease was observed in all OAB sy…
La participación de la Universitat de València en el proyecto Europeana Regia
2013
En este artículo se describe la participación de la Universitat de València en el proyecto Europeana Regia: biblioteca digital de manuscritos medievales y renacentistas, coordinado por la Bibliothèque Nationale de France y cofinanciado por la Comisión Europea. También se detalla la integración del proyecto dentro de los objetivos de la institución: la creación de una colección digital propia destinada a la investigación y la incorporación de los manuscritos digitalizados en el repositorio institucional. Se describen los resultados teóricos y prácticos del proyecto: work packages, página web etc. Finalmente se detalla cómo un año después de ejecutado el proyecto los manuscritos de la Univers…