Search results for "EROD"

Diritto antitrust e libertà contrattuale: l’obbligo di contrarre e il problema dell’eterodeterminazione del prezzo

2008

Il diritto antitrust nasce negli Stati Uniti come declinazione dei principi di common law in materia di tutela della libertà contrattuale. La sua evoluzione lo distanzia però notevolmente da tale matrice, ma i problemi della definizione dei contenuti contrattuali emergono prepotentemente laddove, come in tema di trattamento del refusal to deal, ragionevolezza delle prestazioni e tutela della concorrenza si intrecciano strettamente. Si analizzano quindi le moderne metodologie proposte per la corretta determinazione del prezzo di accesso ad una risorsa essenziale.

Statistical tools and control of internal lubricant content of inhalation grade HPMC capsules during manufacture

2016

The internal lubricant content (ILC) of inhalation grade HPMC capsules is a key factor to ensure good powder release when the patient inhales a medicine from a dry powder inhaler (DPI). Powder release from capsules has been shown to be influenced by the ILC. The characteristics used to measure this are the emitted dose, fine particle fraction and mass median aerodynamic diameter. In addition the ILC level is critical for capsule shell manufacture because it is an essential part of the process that cannot work without it. An experiment has been applied to the manufacture of inhalation capsules with the required ILC. A full factorial model was used to identify the controlling factors and from…

Ecotoxicological status of a watercourse recovering from heavy loading by pulp and paper industry

2013

SCELTA E NECESSITÀ. LA RESPONSABILITÀ UMANA NELLE STORIE DI ERODOTO

Soil Water Content Assessment: Critical Issues Concerning the Operational Application of the Triangle Method

2015

Knowledge of soil water content plays a key role in water management efforts to improve irrigation efficiency. Among the indirect estimation methods of soil water content via Earth Observation data is the triangle method, used to analyze optical and thermal features because these are primarily controlled by water content within the near-surface evaporation layer and root zone in bare and vegetated soils. Although the soil-vegetation-atmosphere transfer theory describes the ongoing processes, theoretical models reveal limits for operational use. When applying simplified empirical formulations, meteorological forcing could be replaced with alternative variables when the above-canopy temperatu…

Racecar Longitudinal Control in Unknown and Highly-Varying Driving Conditions

2020

This paper focuses on racecar longitudinal control with highly-varying driving conditions. The main factors affecting the dynamic behavior of a vehicle, including aerodynamic forces, wheel rolling resistance, traction force resulting from changing tire-road interaction as well as the occurrence of sudden wind gusts or the presence of persistent winds, are considered and assumed to have unknown models. By exploiting the theory on delayed input-state observers and using measurement data about the vehicle and wheel speeds, a dynamic filter that allows the online reconstruction of the above-mentioned unknown time-varying quantities is derived. Moreover, by exploiting the notion of effective tir…

A PROCEDURE FOR THE EVALUATION OF INSTALLED PROPELLER NOISE

2001

Abstract A method for the prediction of the acoustics of a propeller in the flow-field of a wing is presented. The method is used to study the noise generated by the unsteady loading induced on the propeller as it passes through the wing flow-field. Both the aerodynamic and acoustic methods are previously proven techniques, the aerodynamic method being based on a combination of free wake analysis and a three-dimensional boundary element method, while the acoustic calculation is a full-surface, moving medium form of the Ffowcs Williams–Hawkings equation. Calculations are presented for a reference case of a four-bladed low-speed propeller in forward flight. The acoustic predictions are supple…

Take-off aerodynamics in ski jumping

2001

The effect of aerodynamic forces on the force-time characteristics of the simulated ski jumping take-off was examined in a wind tunnel. Vertical and horizontal ground reaction forces were recorded with a force plate installed under the wind tunnel floor. The jumpers performed take-offs in non-wind conditions and in various wind conditions (21-33 m s(-1)). EMGs of the important take-off muscles were recorded from one jumper. The dramatic decrease in take-off time found in all jumpers can be considered as the result of the influence of aerodynamic lift. The loss in impulse due to the shorter force production time with the same take-off force is compensated with the increase in lift force, res…

UAQ4 Levitating Train: Italian Maglev Transportation System

2014

This article illustrates the University of L'Aquila model 4 (UAQ4) Italian maglev train, a transportation system with zero motion resistance (except aerodynamic drag) and greatly reduced energy consumption, approaching zero at a low constant speed. The project is the result of more than 40 years of research in the field of nonconventional highspeed transportation systems. Its technological feasibility has been tested in the laboratory at the University of L'Aquila, Italy.

Monte Carlo simulation for the response analysis of long-span suspended cables under wind loads

2004

This paper presents a time-domain approach for analyzing nonlinear random vibrations of long-span suspended cables under transversal wind. A consistent continuous model of the cable, fully accounting for geometrical nonlinearities inherent in cable behavior, is adopted. The effects of spatial correlation are properly included by modeling wind velocity fluctuation as a random function of time and of a single spatial variable ranging over cable span, namely as a one-variate bi-dimensional (1V-2D) random field. Within the context of a Galerkin`s discretization of the equations governing cable motion, a very efficient Monte Carlo-based technique for second-order analysis of the response is prop…