Search results for "ESOL"
showing 10 items of 2444 documents
Time multiplexing super-resolved imaging without a priori knowledge of the spatial distribution of the encoding structured illumination
2021
Time multiplexing is a super-resolution technique that sacrifices time to overcome the resolution reduction obtained because of diffraction. There are many super resolution methods based on time multiplexing, but all of them require a priori knowledge of the time changing encoding mask, which is projected on the object and used to encode and decode the high-resolution information. In this paper, we present a time multiplexing technique that does not require the a priori knowledge on the projected encoding mask. First, the theoretical concept of the technique is demonstrated; then, numerical simulations and experimental results are presented.
Structural properties of GaN quantum dots
2006
The strain state and the deformation profile of GaN quantum dots embedded in AlN have been measured by high resolution electron microscopy, medium energy ion scattering and grazing incidence X-ray diffraction. The results are compared with theoretical calculations, allowing one to conclude that GaN quantum dots experience a non biaxial strain which drastically decreases when going from the basal plane up to the apex of the dots. We also demonstrate that AlN is distorted in the surroundings of the dots, which provides the driving force for vertical correlation of GaN dots when the AlN spacer between successive planes is thin enough.
On the application of an experimental multipolar pseudo-atom library for accurate refinement of small-molecule and protein crystal structures
2007
International audience; With an increasing number of biomacromolecular crystal structures being measured to ultra-high resolution, it has become possible to extend to large systems experimental charge-density methods that are usually applied to small molecules. A library has been built of average multipole populations describing the electron density of chemical groups in all 20 amino acids found in proteins. The library uses the Hansen & Coppens multipolar pseudo-atom model to derive molecular electron density and electrostatic potential distributions. The library values are obtained from several small peptide or amino acid crystal structures refined against ultra-high-resolution X-ray diff…
Parallel laser micromachining based on diffractive optical elements with dispersion compensated femtosecond pulses
2013
We experimentally demonstrate multi-beam high spatial resolution laser micromachining with femtosecond pulses. The effects of chromatic aberrations as well as pulse stretching on the material processed due to diffraction were significantly mitigated by using a suited dispersion compensated module (DCM). This permits to increase the area of processing in a factor 3 in comparison with a conventional setup. Specifically, 52 blind holes have been drilled simultaneously onto a stainless steel sample with a 30 fs laser pulse in a parallel processing configuration.
Super-resolved Imaging based upon spatial depolarization of light
2010
In this paper we present a new approach allowing the surpassing of the diffraction based limitation for the achievable resolution provided by imaging systems. It is based on an encoding-decoding process of various spatial pixels or regions in the field of view of the imaged object by orthogonal and differently time varying polarization states. The reconstruction of the original spatial information is obtained by applying a decoding process in a way similar to the encoding one. Although all the spatial information is summed and mixed together by the system, the decoding provides super resolved imaging since in every spatial position the undesired spatial information having time varying polar…
Ferroelectric Domain Walls in BaTiO3: Fingerprints in XRPD Diagrams and Quantitative HRTEM Image Analysis
1997
The structure of ferroelectric domain walls in BaTiO3 has been investigated through two complementary approaches, a global one by the fine analysis of X-ray diffraction patterns, the other essentially local via a quantitative image analysis method developed and applied to High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy images. These two original approaches converge towards a clear description of 90○ walls which are shown to be a 4–6 nm wide region where the crystallographic discontinuity is accommodated by irregular atomic displacements. The results given here demonstrate that the usual structural theoretical description of walls commonly accepted for energy calculations are far too simpli…
Facile Large Scale Synthesis of WS2 Nanotubes from WO3 Nanorods Prepared by a Hydrothermal Route.
2005
Abstract Hexagonal WO 3 nanorods of 5–50 nm in diameter and 150–250 nm in length have been synthesised in gram quantities by a low temperature hydrothermal route using citric acid as a structural modifier and hexadecylamine as a templating agent. The ratio of [A]/[W] play an important role on WO 3 nanorods formation. These WO 3 nanorods were found highly suitable as a precursor for the synthesis of a good yield of multiwalled WS 2 nanotubes by reducing them with H 2 S at 840 °C for 30 min. The length and the wall thickness of the WS 2 nanotubes could be altered by controlled reduction of the oxide precursor. The morphology, structure and the composition of the WO 3 nanorods and WS 2 nanotub…
Synthesis and characterization of ZnO nano and micro structures grown by low temperature spray pyrolysis and vapor transport.
2012
In this work we present a systematic study of ZnO micro and nanostructures grown by spray pyrolysis (SP) and by physical vapour transport (PVT) on glass and c-sapphire substrates at low temperatures. Optimised growth conditions have allowed to obtain homogeneous ZnO nanolayers composed of quasi-spherical nanoparticles in the range 2 to 8 nm by spray pyrolysis, while by PVT the selected growth conditions allow to produce a wide variety of morphologies (tripods, grains, arrows and wires) of nano and microsize dimension. Grazing incidence X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), selected area electron dif…
Synchrotron diffraction study of the isothermal oxidation of uranium dioxide at 250°C
2003
ABSTRACTThe structural evolution of UO2 during its oxidation to U3O8 at 250°C in air was studied by in-situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction on the D2AM-CRG beamline at ESRF. The aim of this study is to determine the phases that are likely to appear during the long-term storage of spent nuclear fuel. Our results are in disagreement with the literature in which the existence of an intermediate cubic phase is not reported. Instead, an α-U3O7 tetragonal phase (c/a < 1) was mentioned but not definitively observed. These previous interpretations may have been the result of poor instrumental resolution.
Super-resolved imaging with randomly distributed, time- and size-varied particles
2009
In this paper we present a super-resolved approach aimed at overcoming the diffraction limit in imaging systems. It is based on place randomly and time-varied particles having different sizes on the top of the sample. By considering particle sizes smaller than the object's minimum detail that an imaging system can resolve, it is possible to recover a high resolution image from a set of low resolution images while before capturing each image we produce a randomly modified distribution of the particles by vibrating the sample. The simulation process as well as experimental results validates the proposed approach that includes effectively decreasing the F number of the imaging system while bei…