Search results for "EXCITATION"

showing 10 items of 1290 documents

Investigations of Chl a aggregates cross-linked by dioxane in 3-methylpentane

1997

In this work, dioxane-bound aggregates of chlorophyll a are prepared in 3-methylpentane. The properties of the aggregates are studied by using steady-state and time-resolved spectroscopies. The Q -region absorption spectrum of the y chlorophyll a-dioxane aggregate shows four clearly resolvable narrow bands with comparable intensities. The band maxima are located at 683, 689, 698 and 702 nm. The emission spectrum consists of two emission bands centred at 699 and 702 nm suggesting the presence of two types of aggregates. High degree of fluorescence polarization is detected yielding the angles between the absorption transition moments with respect to the 702 nm emission transition moment. The …

Circular dichroismSingle-photon countingAbsorption spectroscopyChlorophyll aTransition dipole momentBiophysicsAnalytical chemistry010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesBiochemistryMolecular physicsDioxane aggregate03 medical and health sciencesFluorescence polarizationEmission spectrumAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)030304 developmental biology0303 health sciencesChemistryCell Biology0104 chemical sciencesψ-type circular dichroismWavelengthExcitation delocalizationExcitationFluorescence anisotropyBiochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics
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An output-only stochastic parametric approach for the identification of linear and nonlinear structures under random base excitations: Advances and c…

2014

In this paper a time domain output-only Dynamic Identification approach for Civil Structures (DICS) first formulated some years ago is reviewed and presented in a more generalized form. The approach in question, suitable for multi- and single-degrees-of-freedom systems, is based on the statistical moments and on the correlation functions of the response to base random excitations. The solving equations are obtained by applying the Itô differential stochastic calculus to some functions of the response. In the previous version ([21] Cavaleri, 2006; [22] Benfratello et al., 2009), the DICS method was based on the use of two classes of models (Restricted Potential Models and Linear Mass Proport…

Civil structureMathematical optimizationBase excitationGeneralizationMechanical EngineeringSystem identificationStochastic calculusAerospace EngineeringOcean EngineeringStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsWhite noiseWhite noiseCondensed Matter PhysicsNonlinear systemSettore ICAR/09 - Tecnica Delle CostruzioniNuclear Energy and EngineeringNonlinear stiffneApplied mathematicsNonlinear dampingTime domainSystem identificationCivil and Structural EngineeringMathematicsParametric statisticsEquation solving
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Evidence of Spatially Inhomogeneous Electron Temperature in a Resonantly Excited Array of Bow-Tie Nanoantennas

2019

We studied the excitation of large-area Au bow-tie nanoantenna arrays, which we have fabricated on indium-tin-oxide (ITO)-coated glass substrates using colloidal lithography with nanoscale polystyr...

Colloidal lithographyMaterials sciencebusiness.industry02 engineering and technologyBow tie010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsGeneral EnergyExcited stateOptoelectronicsElectron temperaturePhysical and Theoretical Chemistry0210 nano-technologybusinessNanoscopic scaleExcitationThe Journal of Physical Chemistry C
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Analysis of block random rocking on nonlinear flexible foundation

2020

Abstract In this paper the rocking response of a rigid block randomly excited at its foundation is examined. A nonlinear flexible foundation model is considered accounting for the possibility of uplifting in the case of strong excitation. Specifically, based on an appropriate nonlinear impact force model, the foundation is treated as a bed of continuously distributed springs in parallel with nonlinear dampers. The statistics of the rocking response is examined by an analytical procedure which involves a combination of static condensation and stochastic linearization methods. In this manner, repeated numerical integration of the highly nonlinear differential equations of motion is circumvent…

Computer scienceMonte Carlo methodAerospace Engineering020101 civil engineeringOcean Engineering02 engineering and technology0201 civil engineeringDamper0203 mechanical engineeringLinearizationCivil and Structural EngineeringBlock (data storage)Mechanical EngineeringMathematical analysisNonlinear flexible foundationStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsFilter (signal processing)Condensed Matter PhysicsNumerical integrationNonlinear systemRocking motion020303 mechanical engineering & transportsNuclear Energy and EngineeringImpactRandom base excitationSettore ICAR/08 - Scienza Delle CostruzioniProbabilistic Engineering Mechanics
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Path Integral approach via Laplace’s method of integration for nonstationary response of nonlinear systems

2019

In this paper the nonstationary response of a class of nonlinear systems subject to broad-band stochastic excitations is examined. A version of the Path Integral (PI) approach is developed for determining the evolution of the response probability density function (PDF). Specifically, the PI approach, utilized for evaluating the response PDF in short time steps based on the Chapman–Kolmogorov equation, is here employed in conjunction with the Laplace’s method of integration. In this manner, an approximate analytical solution of the integral involved in this equation is obtained, thus circumventing the repetitive integrations generally required in the conventional numerical implementation of …

Computer sciencePath IntegralMonte Carlo methodMarkov processProbability density function02 engineering and technologyNonstationary response01 natural sciencessymbols.namesake0203 mechanical engineering0103 physical sciencesProbability density functionApplied mathematics010301 acousticsVan der Pol oscillatorLaplace transformMechanical EngineeringEvolutionary excitationLaplace’s methodCondensed Matter PhysicsNonlinear system020303 mechanical engineering & transportsMechanics of MaterialsLaplace's methodPath integral formulationsymbolsSettore ICAR/08 - Scienza Delle Costruzioni
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Spectroscopic parameters related to non bridging oxygen hole centers in amorphous-SiO2

2005

The relationship between the luminescence at 1.9 eV and the absorption bands at 2.0 eV and at 4.8 eV were investigated in a wide variety of synthetic silica samples exposed to different gamma- and beta-ray irradiation doses. We found that the intensities of these optical bands are linearly correlated in agreement with the model in which they are assigned to a single defect. This finding allows to determine spectroscopic parameters related to optical transitions efficiency: the oscillator strength of the 4.8 eV results ~200 times higher than that of the 2.0 eV; the 1.9 eV luminescence quantum yield under 4.8 eV excitation is lower (by a factor ~3) than that under 2.0 eV excitation. These res…

Condensed Matter - Materials ScienceLuminescencePhotoluminescenceAbsorption spectroscopyOscillator strengthChemistrySettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleOptical spectroscopyMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)FOS: Physical sciencesQuantum yieldSilicaCondensed Matter PhysicsAbsorptionElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsMaterials ChemistryCeramics and CompositesDefectAtomic physicsAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)SpectroscopyLuminescenceExcitation
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Probing Physical Properties of Confined Fluids within Individual Nanobubbles

2008

Spatially resolved electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) in a scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) has been used to investigate as fluidic phase in nanoubbles embedded in a metallic Pd90Pt10 matrix. Using the 1s->2p excitation of the He atoms, maps of the He distribution, in particular of its density an pressure in bubbles of different diameter have been realized, thus providing an indication of the involved bubble formation mechanism. However, the short-range Pauli repulsion mechanism between electrons on neighboring atoms seems insufficient to interpret minute variations of the local local measurements performed at the interface between the metal and the He bubble. Simul…

Condensed Matter - Materials ScienceMaterials scienceMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)FOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyElectronPhase (matter)AtomScanning transmission electron microscopyEnergy filtered transmission electron microscopyLiquid bubbleAtomic physicsSpectroscopyExcitationPhysical Review Letters
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Patterning and tuning of electrical and optical properties of graphene by laser induced two-photon oxidation

2015

Graphene, being an ultrathin, durable, flexible, transparent material with superior conductivity and unusual optical properties, promises many novel applications in electronics, photonics and optoelectronics. For applications in electronics, patterning and modification of electrical properties is very desirable since pristine graphene has no band gap. Here we demonstrate a simple all-optical patterning method for graphene, based on laser induced two-photon oxidation. By tuning the intensity of irradiation and the number of pulses the level of oxidation can be controlled to high precision and, therefore, a band gap can be introduced and electrical and optical properties can be continuously t…

Condensed Matter - Materials ScienceMaterials scienceta114Band gapbusiness.industryGrapheneta221grapheneMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)FOS: Physical sciencesConductivityLaser7. Clean energy3. Good healthlaw.inventionTwo-photon excitation microscopylawoptical patterningOptoelectronicsGeneral Materials ScienceElectronicsPhotonicsbusinessta116Electronic circuit
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Possible mechanism of energy storage in optically stimulable materials: doped alkali halides

1997

Radiation-induced effects in doped alkali halides, mainly in KBr:In, are studied by the luminescence technique. The activator luminescence during a 10 s under UV-light or electron irradiation and, after it, the pulsed photostimulated luminescence on a phosphorescence background were investigated. The obtained results allow us to conclude that the main host lattice excitation relevant to both the luminescence processes mentioned above is a very mobile excitonic excitation including a photon phase and the self- trapped exciton in its composition. The photon phase, as we suppose, represents a free exciton luminescence at room temperature. In this phase, via multiple reabsorption in the low-ene…

Condensed Matter::Materials ScienceCondensed Matter::OtherPhotostimulated luminescenceAbsorption bandChemistryExcitonActivator (phosphor)Electron beam processingAtomic physicsPhosphorescenceLuminescenceExcitationSPIE Proceedings
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Monte Carlo simulation approach for a quantitative characterization of the band edge in InGaN quantum wells

2005

Monte Carlo simulation approach based on exciton hopping through randomly distributed localized states is proposed for quantitative characterization of the band edge of InxGa1–xN/GaN multiple quantum wells with different indium content (x ≈ 0.22–0.27). The band edge dynamics is investigated in the 10–300 K range by analyzing the measured S- and W-shaped temperature behavior of the photoluminescence peak position and linewidth, respectively. The simulation of the W-shaped temperature dependence using double-scaled potential profile model enabled us to estimate the scale of the potential fluctuations due to variation of indium content inside and among In-rich regions formed in InGaN alloy. In…

Condensed Matter::Materials ScienceLaser linewidthPhotoluminescencechemistryCondensed matter physicsExcitonMonte Carlo methodchemistry.chemical_elementPhotoluminescence excitationEdge (geometry)IndiumQuantum wellphysica status solidi (c)
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