Search results for "EXPRESSION"

showing 10 items of 5168 documents

Micro-RNA in pancreatic adenocarcinoma: Predictive/prognostic biomarkers or therapeutic targets?

2015

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a tumor with a poor prognosis, short overall survival and few chemotherapeutic choices. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding, single-stranded RNAs of around 22 nucleotides involved in the pathogenic mechanisms of carcinogenesis and metastasis. They have been studied in many tumors in order to identify potential diagnostic, prognostic or therapeutic targets. In the current literature, many studies have analyzed the role of miRNAs in PDAC. In fact, the absence of appropriate biomarkers, the difficultly of early detection of this tumor, and the lack of effective chemotherapy in patients with unresectable disease have focused attention on miRNAs as new, i…

Maleendocrine system diseasesPrognosiSettore MED/06 - Oncologia MedicaMice NudeReviewDiseaseAdenocarcinomaMalignancymedicine.disease_causeMetastasisMicemicroRNABiomarkers TumorCarcinomamedicineAnimalsHumansmiRNAbiomarkers; miRNAs; pancreatic adenocarcinoma; prognosis; therapyAnimalbusiness.industryPancreatic NeoplasmbiomarkersMicroRNABiomarkerPrognosismedicine.diseasePhenotypedigestive system diseasesPancreatic NeoplasmsGene Expression Regulation NeoplasticMicroRNAsPhenotypeBiomarkers; miRNAs; Pancreatic adenocarcinoma; Prognosis; Therapy; Adenocarcinoma; Animals; Biomarkers Tumor; Carcinoma Pancreatic Ductal; Female; Gene Expression Regulation Neoplastic; Humans; Male; Mice; Mice Nude; MicroRNAs; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Phenotype; Prognosis; OncologyOncologymiRNAsImmunologyCancer researchAdenocarcinomaFemaleTherapybusinessCarcinogenesisPancreatic adenocarcinomaCarcinoma Pancreatic DuctalHuman
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Metformin increases APP expression and processing via oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and NF-κB activation: Use of insulin to attenuate m…

2015

AbstractClinical and experimental biomedical studies have shown Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) to be a risk factor for the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study demonstrates the effect of metformin, a therapeutic biguanide administered for T2DM therapy, on β-amyloid precursor protein (APP) metabolism in in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo models. Furthermore, the protective role of insulin against metformin is also demonstrated. In LAN5 neuroblastoma cells, metformin increases APP and presenilin levels, proteins involved in AD. Overexpression of APP and presenilin 1 (Pres 1) increases APP cleavage and intracellular accumulation of β-amyloid peptide (Aβ), which, in turn, promotes ag…

Maleendocrine system diseasesmedicine.medical_treatmentmedicine.disease_causeAntioxidantsNF-κBAmyloid beta-Protein PrecursorAspartic Acid EndopeptidasesInsulinBiguanideNF-kappa BBrainAlzheimer's diseaseMetforminMetforminMitochondriaProtein TransportAntioxidantmedicine.drugmetformin T2DM Alzheimer's diseaseAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyProgrammed cell deathmedicine.drug_classOxidative phosphorylationBiologyAntidiabetic drugModels BiologicalPresenilinInternal medicineCell Line Tumormental disordersmedicinePresenilin-1AnimalsHumansMolecular BiologyCell NucleusSettore MED/04 - Patologia GeneraleAmyloid beta-PeptidesInsulinAdenylate KinaseOxidative Stress Pathwaynutritional and metabolic diseasesCell BiologyHydrogen PeroxideMice Inbred C57BLEndocrinologyGene Expression RegulationCytoprotectionOxidative stressLeukocytes MononuclearAmyloid Precursor Protein SecretasesOxidative stressBiochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Cell Research
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Full length cDNA of rat RT1.DMa and RT1.DMb and expression of RT1.DM genes in dendritic and Langerhans cells.

1997

MHC encoded DM heterodimers and classical MHC class II complexes meet in an endosomal/lysosomal compartment where DM heterodimers support peptide loading of MHC class II. Studies on peptide loading of rat class II and on peptide persistence in cells of the dendritic lineage prompted us to establish full length cDNA clones coding for the subunits alpha and beta of rat DM molecules as well as a mAb directed against the luminal moiety of the beta subunit. Here we describe the establishment of the first full length cDNA clones of rat RT1.DMa and RT1.DMb. The mode of expression of RT1.DM at the transcript level in bone marrow culture-derived dendritic cells, in Langerhans cells and in a number o…

Maleendocrine systemDNA ComplementaryTranscription Geneticmedicine.drug_classClinical BiochemistryBlotting WesternGenes MHC Class IIMolecular Sequence DataGene ExpressionBone Marrow CellsMonoclonal antibodyMajor histocompatibility complexBiochemistryIslets of LangerhansHistocompatibility AntigensGene expressionmedicineAnimalsAmino Acid SequenceCloning MolecularMolecular BiologyPeptide sequenceCells CulturedMHC class IIbiologyBase SequenceChemistryAntibodies MonoclonalDendritic CellsBlotting NorthernMolecular biologyRatsBlotRats Inbred Lewbiology.proteinBeta proteinAntibodyBiological chemistry
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Expression of thrombospondin-1 in pancreatic carcinoma: correlation with microvessel density.

2001

Thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) is a multifunctional platelet and extracellular matrix protein that is involved in angiogenesis. Under certain pathological conditions, e.g., malignant tumors, high concentrations of TSP-1 work as an angiogenic agonist. Here we examined 98 pancreatic carcinomas with respect to TSP-1 immunoreactivity and its correlation to intratumoral microvessel density (MVD), a representation of the overall degree of angiogenesis in carcinomas. Northern blot analysis for TSP-1 mRNA was performed in seven additional cases. Eighty-seven tumors showed strong TSP-1 immunoreactivity, nine carcinomas were only weakly positive, and two lesions were negative for TSP-1. TSP-1 immunoreactiv…

Maleendocrine systemPathologymedicine.medical_specialtyPancreatic diseaseAngiogenesisGene ExpressionBiologyAdenocarcinomaPathology and Forensic MedicineNeovascularizationThrombospondin 1immune system diseasesThrombospondin 1medicineBiomarkers TumorHumansRNA MessengerMolecular BiologyAgedAged 80 and overNeovascularization PathologicMicrocirculationvirus diseasesCell BiologyGeneral MedicineMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseBlotting NorthernImmunohistochemistryBlotPancreatic Neoplasmsmedicine.anatomical_structureTumor progressionAdenocarcinomaFemalemedicine.symptomPancreasVirchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology
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Molecular characterization of a new adult male putative calycin specific to tergal aphrodisiac secretion in the cockroach Leucophaea maderae

2001

0014-5793 (Print) Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Lma-p18 is an epicuticular surface protein specific to the tergal gland aphrodisiac secretion of Leucophaea maderae adult males. Native Lma-p18 was purified and the complete cDNA sequence was determined by RT-PCR using primers based on Edman degradation fragments. Northern blot and in situ hybridization analyses showed that Lma-p18 is expressed exclusively in the anterior part of male tergal gland, which is exposed only during sexual behavior. Sequence analysis indicated that Lma-p18 belongs to the calycin superfamily and is very similar to Lma-p22, the first known male-specific tergal protein in L. maderae. Lma-p18 and Lma…

Maleendocrine systemendocrine system diseasesSequence analysisMolecular Sequence DataBiophysicsSequence HomologyCockroachesIn situ hybridizationBiochemistryExocrine GlandsCockroachStructural Biologybiology.animalComplementary DNAGeneticsAnimalsDevelopmentalSex behaviorAphrodisiacNorthern blotAmino Acid SequenceCloning MolecularMolecular BiologyPeptide sequenceSecretionCockroachSequence Homology Amino AcidbiologyEdman degradationBase SequenceGene Expression Regulation DevelopmentalMolecularCell BiologyTergal glandMolecular biologyCalycinAmino AcidGene Expression RegulationLarvaExocrine Glands/metabolismInsect Proteins/*genetics/*metabolismCockroaches/*physiologyInsect ProteinsFemaleCloning
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Rat pineal arylalkylamine-N-acetyltransferase: cyclic AMP inducibility of its gene depends on prior entrained photoperiod.

2003

The nocturnal biosynthesis of melatonin in the rat pineal depends on strongly enhanced expression of the enzyme N-acetyltransferase [arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase (AA-NAT); EC 2.3.1.87]. AA-NAT transcription is stimulated during darkness by adrenergic inputs to the pineal from the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). Nocturnal activation of the AA-NAT promotor following stimulation of pinealocyte adrenoceptors involves cAMP-dependent stimulation of protein kinase A (PKA). The nocturnal rise in AA-NAT depends on the lighting conditions. As compared with light/dark (LD) 12:12, the delay between dark onset and the nocturnal rise in AA-NAT is shortened under long photoperiods and prolonged under…

Maleendocrine systemmedicine.medical_specialtyArylamine N-AcetyltransferasePhotoperiodStimulationBiologyPineal GlandGene Expression Regulation EnzymologicPinealocyteMelatoninRats Sprague-DawleyCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceNorepinephrineOrgan Culture TechniquesInternal medicineReceptors Adrenergic betamedicineCyclic AMPAnimalsProtein kinase AMolecular BiologyMelatoninphotoperiodismSuprachiasmatic nucleusfungiAdrenergic beta-AgonistsDarknessCyclic AMP-Dependent Protein KinasesCircadian RhythmRatsbody regionsEndocrinologyEnzyme InductionDarknessArylalkylaminehormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsPhotic Stimulationmedicine.drugSignal TransductionBrain research. Molecular brain research
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Receptor identification and physiological characterisation of glucagon-like peptide-2 in the rat heart.

2010

Abstract Background and aims The anorexigenic glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-2 is produced by intestinal L cells and released in response to food intake. It affects intestinal function involving G-protein-coupled receptors. To verify whether GLP-2 acts as a cardiac modulator in mammals, we analysed, in the rat heart, the expression of GLP-2 receptors and the myocardial and coronary responses to GLP-2. Methods and results GLP-2 receptors were detected on ventricular extracts by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (Q-RT-PCR) and Western blotting. Cardiac GLP-2 effects were analysed on Langendorff perfused hearts. Intracellular GLP-2 signalling was investigated on Langendorff perfuse…

Maleendocrine systemmedicine.medical_specialtyCardiotonic AgentsNitric Oxide Synthase Type IIIMAP Kinase Signaling SystemG proteinEndocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismBlotting WesternMedicine (miscellaneous)Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayStimulationIn Vitro TechniquesBiologyReal-Time Polymerase Chain Reactionglucagon-like peptides-2 gut peptides cardiac performanceSettore BIO/09 - FisiologiaGlucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptorchemistry.chemical_compoundInternal medicineCyclic AMPCyclic GMP-Dependent Protein KinasesGlucagon-Like Peptide 2Receptors GlucagonmedicineAnimalsCyclic adenosine monophosphatePhosphorylationRats WistarReceptorNutrition and Dieteticsdigestive oral and skin physiologyHeartPeptide FragmentsRatsPhospholambanEndocrinologyGene Expression RegulationchemistryInotropismGlucagon-Like Peptide-2 ReceptorCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicinecGMP-dependent protein kinasehormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsIntestinal L CellsSignal Transduction
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Gastric relaxation induced by glucagon-like peptide-2 in mice fed a high-fat diet or fasted.

2011

Glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) is a nutrient-responsive gut hormone that increases the intestinal absorption. Exogenous GLP-2 also induces gastric fundus relaxation with possible implications for emptying rate or feeling of satiety. GLP-2 actions are mediated by GLP-2 receptor (GLP-2R), located on enteric neurons and myofibroblasts in murine gastrointestinal tract. Because it is not known whether changes in the endogenous GLP-2R levels occur in different nutritional states, we examined the GLP-2R gene and protein expression in gastric fundus from standard diet (STD)-fed, 12-h and 24-h fasted and re-fed, or high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice and we analyzed the mechanical responses to exogenous G…

Maleendocrine systemmedicine.medical_specialtyGLP-2 receptor expressionPhysiologyEndogenyBiologyDiet High-FatBiochemistrySettore BIO/09 - FisiologiaIntestinal absorptionCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceMiceEndocrinologyInternal medicineIntestine SmallmedicineGlucagon-Like Peptide 2Receptors GlucagonAnimalsObesityGastric FundusReceptorGastrointestinal tractStomachdigestive oral and skin physiologyFastingGlucagon-like peptide-2Up-RegulationBlotMice Inbred C57BLEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structureGlucagon-Like Peptide-2 ReceptorGLP-2hormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsHormonePeptides
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Daily oscillation of gene expression in the retina is phase-advanced with respect to the pineal gland

2007

Abstract The photoreceptive retina and the non-photoreceptive pineal gland are components of the circadian and the melatonin forming system in mammals. To contribute to our understanding of the functional integrity of the circadian system and the melatonin forming system we have compared the daily oscillation of the two tissues under various seasonal lighting conditions. For this purpose, the 24-h profiles of the expression of the genes coding for arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase (AA-NAT), nerve growth factor inducible gene-A (NGFI-A), nerve growth factor inducible gene-B (NGFI-B), retinoic acid related orphan receptor β (RORβ), dopamine D4 receptor, and period2 (Per2) have been simultane…

Maleendocrine systemmedicine.medical_specialtyGene ExpressionCell Cycle ProteinsBiologyArylalkylamine N-AcetyltransferasePineal GlandRetinaPinealocyteRats Sprague-DawleyMelatoninPineal glandInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsCircadian rhythmMolecular BiologyEarly Growth Response Protein 1RetinaSuprachiasmatic nucleusGeneral NeuroscienceReceptors Dopamine D4Nuclear ProteinsPeriod Circadian ProteinsMicroarray AnalysisCircadian RhythmRatsPER2Endocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structureFemaleNeurology (clinical)Developmental BiologyEndocrine glandmedicine.drugBrain Research
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Cyclic AMP-inducible genes respond uniformly to seasonal lighting conditions in the rat pineal gland

2006

The encoding of photoperiodic information ensues in terms of the daily profile in the expression of cyclic AMP (cAMP)-inducible genes such as the arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase (AA-NAT) gene that encodes the rate-limiting enzyme in melatonin formation. In the present study, we compared the influence of the photoperiodic history on the cAMP-inducible genes AA-NAT, inducible cyclic AMP early repressor (ICER), fos-related antigen-2 (FRA-2), mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1 (MKP-1), nerve growth factor inducible gene-A (NGFI-A) and nerve growth factor inducible gene-B (NGFI-B) in the pineal gland of rats. For this purpose, we monitored the daily profiles of each gene in the sa…

Maleendocrine systemmedicine.medical_specialtyLightRepressorBiologyPineal GlandCyclic AMP Response Element ModulatorRats Sprague-DawleyPineal glandInternal medicineCyclic AMPmedicineAnimalsRNA MessengerCircadian rhythmProtein kinase AphotoperiodismReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionGeneral NeuroscienceCircadian RhythmRatsEndocrinologyNerve growth factormedicine.anatomical_structureGene Expression RegulationArylalkylamineFemalehormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsEndocrine glandNeuroscience
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